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{{অনুবাদ}}
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Papaya
| image = Carica papaya - papaya - var-tropical dwarf papaya - desc-fruit.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Papaya trunk with immature fruit
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Brassicales]]
| familia = [[Caricaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Carica]]''
| species = '''''C. papaya'''''
| binomial = ''Carica papaya''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
}}<!--{{অমিতা খাদ্যগুণ}}-->
'''Papaya''' is a tall [[herbaceous plant]] in the [[genus]] ''[[Carica]]''; its [[Eat|edible]] [[fruit]] is also called papaya. It is [[Indigenous (ecology)|native]] to the [[tropical]] region of [[America]], mainly from southern [[Mexico]] to [[Central America]]. Now these plants are grown in all [[tropical]] regions of the world.<ref name="morton">{{cite web
|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/papaya_ars.html
|title=Papaya and Related Species
|accessdate=20 July 2009
|last=Morton
|first=Julia F.
|language=
}}</ref>

Papayas are plants of tropical regions and, for growth and fruit production, they need a warm climate. They cannot live with low [[temperature]]s.<ref name="crfg">{{cite web
|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/papaya.html
|title=Papaya Fruit Facts
|accessdate=19 July 2006
|work=
|publisher=California Rare Fruit Growers
}}</ref>

== Names ==
The genus ''Carica'' was given that name by [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] because the [[Leaf|leaves]] of these plants are like those of the [[common fig]] (''Ficus carica'').

The common name comes from the [[Taíno]] word ''papáia'' that was changed in [[Spanish language|Spanish]] to '''papaya''', the word most used worldwide, with some changes. In Australia and some countries of the [[Caribbean]], the fruit is called ''papaw'' or ''pawpaw'' but another [[North America]]n plant, ''Asimina triloba'' of the [[Annonaceae]] [[Family (biology)|family]] has also that name.

The [[French language|French]] name for the fruit is ''papaye'' and ''papayer'' for the plant. In [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], the fruit is called ''mamão'', ''papaia'' or ''ababaia'' and the tree ''mamoeiro'' or ''papaeira''.

In Spanish, there are other names besides papaya. In [[Cuba]], it is called ''fruta bomba'' except in the eastern provinces where papaya is used. In the [[Dominican Republic]], Los Llanos ([[Venezuela]]) and Eastern Central Colombia, the name is ''lechosa''. In [[Argentina]] and [[Paraguay]], the fruit is called ''mamón''.<ref name="morton" />

Other names and translations can be seen at [[:wikt:papaya|Wiktionary]].


== The plant ==
[[File:Carica papaya seedlings.jpg|thumbnail|Papaya seedlings.]]
It is a large plant, like a [[tree]], without [[branch]]es; it is a herbaceous plant because the stem does not have much [[wood]] and remains soft and green until its [[death]]. The single [[stem]] grows from 5 to 10 m tall with all the [[Leaf|leaves]] on the top. The leaves are large, 50–70&nbsp;cm wide.

Some plants have perfect (with female and male organs) flowers but other plants have flowers with only one sex (female or male).

Generally, the fruit is oval to nearly round and, in some cases, like a big [[pear]]. Fruits are 15-50 [[Centimetre|cm]] [[long]] and 10–20&nbsp;cm [[wide]], and [[Weight|weigh]] up to 9 [[Kilogram|kg]].<ref name="morton" />

The [[skin]] of the fruit is thin and tough; it is not eaten because is too [[bitter]]. First, the skin is green but it changes to [[yellow]] in [[ripe]] fruits, ready to be eaten. In a ripe fruit, the pulp is [[yellow]], [[orange]], [[pink]], and even light [[red]]. Inside the fruit, there are many small [[black]] [[seed]]s.

== Uses ==
Ripe papayas are eaten fresh, after taking out the skin and the seeds; sometimes, they are cut in small pieces and mixed with other fruits for a fruit [[salad]]. Papayas that are not completely ripe can be cut in pieces and cook with [[sugar]] and eaten as [[dessert]].<ref name="morton" /> In tropical regions, it is very popular the juice of papaya, after taking the skin and seeds; this juice can be mixed with [[milk]] to make [[smoothie]]s.

Green papayas, those that are not ripe, are eaten in some [[Asia]]tic countries in salads, [[curry|curries]] and [[soup]]s but they should be [[boil]]ed before eating them. Young leaves and stems are also cooked as a vegetable.<ref name="duke">{{cite web
|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Carica_papaya.html
|title=Carica papaya
|accessdate=19 July 2009
|last=Duke
|first=James A.
|language=
}}</ref> Green papaya is used in [[Thailand|Thai]] [[cuisine]], both raw and cooked.<ref>[http://www.thaitable.com/Thai/recipes/Green_Papaya_Salad.htm Green Papaya Salad Recipe - ThaiTable.com]</ref>

The papaya is a source of [[iron]] and [[calcium]]; a good source of [[vitamin]]s [[Vitamin A|A]], [[B vitamin complex|B]] and [[Riboflavin]] and an excellent source of [[vitamin C]] (ascorbic acid).<ref name="morton" />

The [[latex]] (a [[Plant sap|sap]] like milk) from the green fruits, the leaves and the stem are rich in an [[enzyme]] called '''papain''', a [[protease]] that breaks down tough [[meat]] [[fiber]]s. Papain is a component in products (''meat tenderizers'') sold in [[shop]]s and that is used to make meat more soft before cooking it.

Papaya seeds have a peppery taste and are a great substitute for black peppercorns.

<gallery>
Image:Carica papaya - Papaya - var-tropical dwarf papaya - desc-leaf.jpg|Papaya leaf
Image:Carica papaya dsc07806.jpg|Papayas
Image:Carica_papaya_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-029.jpg|tree and fruit, from Koehler's ''Medicinal-Plants'' (1887)
</gallery>
{{-}}
==তথ্য সংগ্ৰহ==
{{Reflist}}

==বাহ্যিক সংযোগ==
{{Commons|Carica papaya}}
* [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/papaya_ars.html Fruits of Warm Climates: Papaya and Related Species]
* [http://www.papayalovers.com Nutrition Facts and Health Benefits of Papayas]
* [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Carica_papaya.html Carica papaya]
* [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/papaya.html California Rare Fruit Growers: Papaya Fruit Facts].
* [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20W1.html Papaya Fruit Nutrition]
* [http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/medicinal/papaya.html Treating Livestock with Medicinal Plants: Beneficial or Toxic? Carica papaya]
* [http://www.papayafruit.info Papaya Fruit - Internet Documentation]

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