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'''ISO 639-1:2002''', ''Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 1: Alpha-2 code'', is the first part of the [[ISO 639]] series of [[International Organization for Standardization|international standard]]s for [[language code]]s. Part 1 covers the registration of two-letter codes. There are 136 two-letter codes registered. The registered codes cover the world's major languages.

These codes are a useful international, and formal, shorthand for indicating languages. For example:
*[[Armenian language|Armenian]] is represented by <tt>hy</tt> (from the [[endonym]] ''[[հայերէն]]'')
*[[Dutch language|Dutch]] is represented by <tt>nl</tt> (from the [[endonym]] ''[[Nederlands]]'')
*[[English language|English]] is represented by <tt>en</tt>
*[[French language|French]] is represented by <tt>fr</tt>
*[[German language|German]] is represented by <tt>de</tt> (from the [[endonym]] ''[[Deutsch]]'')
*[[Ido]] is represented by <tt>io</tt>
*[[Italian language|Italian]] is represented by <tt>it</tt>
*[[Japanese language|Japanese]] is represented by <tt>ja</tt> (even though its endonym is ''[[Nihongo]]'')
*[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] is represented by <tt>pt</tt>
*[[Russian language|Russian]] is represented by <tt>ru</tt>
*[[Spanish language|Spanish]] is represented by <tt>es</tt> (from the endonym ''[[español]]'')
*[[Swedish language|Swedish]] is represented by <tt>sv</tt> (from the endonym ''[[Svenska]]'')

ISO 639, the original standard for language codes, was approved in 1967. It was split into parts, and in 2002 ISO 639-1 became the new revision of the original standard. The last code added was <tt>ht</tt>, representing [[Haitian Creole]] on 2003-02-26. The use of the standard was encouraged by [[IETF language tag]]s, introduced in RFC 1766 in March [[1995]], and continued by RFC 3066 from January [[2001]] and RFC 4646 from September [[2006]].   The current version is [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5646#ref-ISO639-1 RFC&nbsp;5646] from September [[2009]].  [[Infoterm]] (International Information Center for Terminology) is the registration authority for ISO 639-1 codes.

New ISO 639-1 codes are not added if an [[ISO 639-2]] code exists, so systems that use ISO 639-1 and 639-2 codes, with 639-1 codes preferred, do not have to change existing codes.<ref>[http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/iso639jac_n3r.html ISO 639 Joint Advisory Committee - Working principles for ISO 639 maintenance]</ref>

If an ISO 639-2 code that covers a group of languages is used, it might be overridden for some specific languages by a new ISO 639-1 code.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
|+ ISO 639-1 codes added after RFC publication in January 2001
!ISO 639-1!!ISO 639-2!!Name!!Date added!!Previously covered by
|-
|io||ido||[[Ido]]||2002-01-15||art
|-
|wa||wln||[[Walloon language|Wallon]]||2002-01-29||roa
|-
|li||lim||[[Limburgish]]||2002-08-02||gem
|-
|ii||iii||[[Yi language|Sichuan Yi]]||2002-10-14||sit
|-
|an||arg||[[Aragonese language|Aragonese]]||2002-12-23||roa
|-
|ht||hat||[[Haitian Creole]]||2003-02-26||cpf
|}

There is no specification on treatment of [[ISO 639 macrolanguage|macrolanguages]] (see [[ISO 639-3]]).

==See also==
*[[List of ISO 639-1 codes]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.infoterm.info/standardization/iso_639_1_2002.php ISO 639-1/RA]
*[http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/faq.html#13 ISO 639-2 Registration Authority FAQ]

{{Footer ISO 639}}
{{ISO standards}}

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[[hu:ISO 639-1 nyelvkódok listája]]
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[[la:ISO 639#ISO 639-1]]
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[[nl:ISO 639#ISO 639-1]]
[[ru:ISO 639-1]]
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