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ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ
[[Image:hammer2.jpg|right|thumb| ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ [[hammer|ᎦᏅᏆᎶᏍᏗ]] ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎢᏴ descended ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎸᎯᏳᎢ ᎤᏬᏰᏂ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ]]

'''ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ''' ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎬᎭᎸᏓ '''ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ''' Ꮎ (ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ) ᏓᏓᏁᎳᏁ [[mechanical advantage|ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎪᏢᏙᏗ ᎠᏜᏅᎠᏓᏗᏍᎬ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏍᏗ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎲ. ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ [[simple machine|ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾ ᎪᏢᏅᏙᏗ]]. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, [[crowbar (tool)|ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ]] ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾᏊ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[lever|ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ]]. ᎯᎠ ᎤᏗᏗᏢ atsinuqowisgv ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ transmitted ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ.

[[philosophy|ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ]]ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎫᏗ ᏁᎵᏒ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ [[ᏴᏫ]]ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ-ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ. ᎠᎴ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎦᎫᏍᏛᏅᎯ Ꮎ [[monkey|ᎠᏓᎵᏍᎩᏱᏍᎩ]], [[apes|ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ]] ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ [[animal|gantlai]], ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ [[primate|ᎠᎵᏣᏙᎲᏍᎩ]], ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎢᎦᏛ [[ᏥᏍᏆ]]([[ᎪᎳᏅ]], ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏄᎵᏍᏛ), ᎠᎴ [[sea otter|ᎠᎺᏉᎯ ᏥᏯ]]ᏰᎵᏇ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ. ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ, ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ ᏁᎵᏒ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ''ᎪᏢᏗ'' ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ, iyuwakodi [[zoologist|zoologist]]ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏥᏍᏆ[http://users.ox.ac.uk/~kgroup/diameter_select.pdf] ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᎵᏍᎩᏱᏍᎩ[http://williamcalvin.com/bk2/bk2ch3.htm][http://www.pbs.org/saf/1504/resources/transcript.htm][http://www.rollinghillswildlife.com/animals/c/chimpanzee/]
ᎠᏃᏢᏍᎬ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ.

ᎬᏙᏗ-ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ entities ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[process|ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ]] (ᎠᎵᎢᎵᏒ ᎠᎴ [[reengineering]]), [[information architecture|ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ]], [[creativity]] ᎠᎴ [[learning|ᎠᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᎬ]] ᎤᏩᏌᏊ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎣᏍᏓᎯᎨ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᏲᏍᏛ ᎣᎬᏌ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ (ᎠᎴ [[collaborative]]ly).  ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎯᏯ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ "ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ" ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᎯᏌᏅ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎦ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ methodologies ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᎸ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ.

ᎤᎪᏗᏗ [[anthropology|anthropologists]] ᎤᏬᎯᏳ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᎳᏍᎬᏓ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ [[Human evolution|ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ  ᎠᏍᎦᏯᎭ]]. ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ [[opposable thumb|opposable ᎤᏚᏂᎯᏯᏍᏓ]] (ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏓ ᏚᏂᏴ ᎯᎠ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ) ᎠᎴ ᎧᏁᏉᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎨᏒ (ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ).

ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[weapons|ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ]], ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[hammer|ᎦᏅᏆᎶᏍᏗ]] ᎠᎴ [[knife|ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ]]. ᎤᏠᏱ, ᏴᏫ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[explosive|ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ]], ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ.

ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏓᏅᎦᎵᏌᏛ ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ.

==ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ==
ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏚᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾ ᎠᏥᏰᎶᎲ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ:
* ᏛᏰᎶᎲ (ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ, ᎠᎦᎵᏍᏙᏗ, ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏗ...)
* Concentrating ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ (ᎦᏅᏆᎶᏍᏗ, ᎤᏔᏅ ᎦᏅᏆᎶᏍᏗ, ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ, ᎦᏩᏍᏛᏂᏍᏗ, ᎠᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏗ...)
* Guiding ([[set square|ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏅᏏᏯ]], ᎠᏓᏃᎮᏗ, ᎦᏥᏃᏍᏛ ᎠᏍᏛᎢ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏗ...)
* ᏄᎾᏰᎯᏍᏛᎾ
* Seizing ᎠᎴ ᏚᏂᏴᏒ (ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ, ᎠᎵᏰᏑᎶ, ᎦᏆᏕᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏗ...)

===ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ===
ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏤᎸ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎠᏓᏲᏔᎡᏗ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏐᎢ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏓᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾ functionality. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯ ᎦᎸᏛ ᎧᏁᏌᎢ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏐᎢ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ, ᎢᏳᏍᏗᏊ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᏢᏗ-ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏏᎾᏌᏂ. 'ᏌᏊ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎦᏛ' ᎨᏒᎢ ᎧᏁᎬᎢ ᎢᎦᏛ ᏭᎵᏍᎨᏗᏴ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᎯ ᎦᎪ ᏝᏰᎵ ᎤᏠᏱᏊ ᎠᏫᏛᏗ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ specialized ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎲ. ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᏋ uniyatolv ᎠᏯᏖᎾ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏔᎵ ᏚᎾᎵᎪᏒ: ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ 'ᎾᎥᎢ-ᎠᏤᎸ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ', ᎠᎴ 'multi-ᎤᏰᎸᏛᎢ', ᎠᎴ ᏅᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᏢᏗ-ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏕᎦᎸᏛ ᎧᏁᏌᎢ, ᎯᎠ ᎠᏎᎸ ᎢᏗᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏂᎦᏲᎵ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎬᎢ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏓ-ᏛᏰᎶᎲ [[hand saws|ᎤᏬᏰᏂ ᎤᎪᎲᎩ]] ᏂᎦᏛ [[carpenter's square|ᏗᏁᏍᎨᏍᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏅᏏᏯ]] ᎾᎥᎢ incorporating ᎤᏤᎵᏛᎭ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎫᎭᎸ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ 90° ᎠᎴ 45° ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ aligning ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎫᎭᎸ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏍᏛᎢ ᎠᎴ scribing ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏐᎯ ᎠᏍᏛᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᎲᎩ.

====Multi-ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ====
* [[lineman's pliers|lineman ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ]] ᎠᏙᏢᏗ gripper ᎠᎴ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ secondarily ᏥᏄᏍᏗ [[hammer|ᎦᏅᏆᎶᏍᏗ]].
* [[hand saw|ᎤᏬᏰᏂ ᎤᎪᎲᎩ]]ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᏙᏢᏗ ᎯᎠ functionality ᎯᎠ [[carpenter's square|ᏗᏁᏍᎨᏍᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏅᎩ ᏧᏅᏏᏯ]] ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ-ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎪᏍᏗᏳᎵ ᎠᏍᏛᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᎲᎩ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎫᎭᎸ.

==ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ==
{{mergewith|History of technology}}
ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ [[stone age|ᏅᏯ lyudetiyvda]]. ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎤᎭ ᎦᎾᎬᎢ ᏗᏰᎳᏍᏗ, ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ lyudetiyvda ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ, ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ Ꮎ iyuwakodi.

[[Mechanics|ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎪᏢᏙᏗ]] ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ, ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ [[Alexandria]]n ᎠᎪᎢ, ugatohvsvi ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎤᏚᏃᎯᏍᏔᏍᎧ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ [[Middle Ages|ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎧᏁᎳ]] ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᏗᎨᏥᎾᏢᏗ ᎢᏤ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏙᏧᏓᎴᏅ: ᎠᎹ ([[waterwheel]]) ᎠᎴ ᎦᏃᎸᎥᏍᎬ ([[windmill|ᎠᏕᏲᎲ]]).

[[Machine tool|ᎪᏢᏅᏙᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ]]occasioned ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎢᏤ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ [[industrial revolution|ᏧᏂᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ]]. ᎦᏂᎳᏗᏍᏗ [[nanotechnology]] utugi gvdi ᎤᏠᏱ ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎡᎳᏗ-ᏗᎦᏛᏗ.

==ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ==
{{commonscat|Tools}}
*[[ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ]]

[[Category:ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ| ]]⏎
⏎
[[ang:Tōl]]
[[ar:أداة]]
[[az:Alət]]
[[be:Інструмент]]
[[bg:Инструмент]]
[[bo:ལག་ཆ།]]
[[bs:Alat]]
[[ca:Estri]]
[[crh:Alet]]
[[cs:Nástroj]]
[[da:Værktøj]]
[[de:Werkzeug]]
[[el:Εργαλείο]]
[[en:Tool]]
[[eo:Laborilo]]
[[es:Herramienta]]
[[et:Tööriist]]
[[eu:Tresna]]
[[fa:ابزار]]
[[fi:Työkalu]]
[[fiu-vro:Tüüriist]]
[[fr:Outil]]
[[fy:Ark]]
[[gd:Acfhainn]]
[[gl:Ferramenta]]
[[he:כלי]]
[[hi:उपकरण]]
[[hr:Alat]]
[[ht:Zouti]]
[[hu:Szerszám]]
[[id:Alat]]
[[io:Utensilo]]
[[is:Verkfæri]]
[[it:Attrezzo]]
[[ja:道具]]
[[kk:Құрал]]
[[ko:도구]]
[[li:Gereidsjap]]
[[lmo:Arnes]]
[[lt:Įrankis]]
[[lv:Darbarīks]]
[[mk:Алат]]
[[my:ကိရိယာ]]
[[nds-nl:Raaive]]
[[nl:Gereedschap]]
[[nn:Reiskap]]
[[no:Redskap]]
[[nrm:Ôti]]
[[pa:ਸੰਦ]]
[[pam:Kasangkapan]]
[[pl:Narzędzie]]
[[pt:Ferramenta]]
[[qu:Irraminta]]
[[ru:Инструмент]]
[[scn:Arnisi]]
[[sh:Alat]]
[[simple:Tool]]
[[sk:Nástroj]]
[[sl:Orodje]]
[[sr:Alat]]
[[sv:Verktyg]]
[[sw:Zana]]
[[ta:கோல்]]
[[te:సాధనసంపత్తి]]
[[tl:Kasangkapan]]
[[tr:Alet]]
[[tt:Корал]]
[[uk:Інструмент]]
[[uz:Asbob]]
[[vi:Dụng cụ]]
[[vls:Alloam]]
[[wa:Usteye]]
[[yi:ווערקצייג]]
[[zh:工具]]
[[zh-min-nan:Ke-si]]
[[zh-yue:架生]]