Difference between revisions 112909364 and 112909366 on dewiki

< previous diff
next diff >
Portal:Cliveden
{{about|the British mansion|Benjamin Chew's mansion in Germantown, Pennsylvania|Cliveden (Benjamin Chew House)}}
[[Image:Cliveden-2382.jpg|thumb|400px|View looking north from the Ring in the Parterre showing Terrace Pavilion and Clock Tower to the left with Lower Terrace and Borghese Balustrade below]]

'''Cliveden''' is an Italianate [[mansion]] and estate at [[Taplow]], [[Buckinghamshire]], [[England]]. Set on banks 200&nbsp;feet{{convert|200|ft|m}} above the [[River Thames]], its grounds slope down to the river. The site has been home to an Earl, two Dukes, a Prince of Wales and the Viscounts Astor. 

(contracted; show full)

==Present house==
[[Image:Cliveden 02.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The North front.]]
Designed by Sir Charles Barry in 1851 to replace a house previously destroyed by fire, the present house is a blend of the English [[Palladian architecture|Palladian]] style and the Roman Cinquecento.<ref>Crathorne, 1995, p.29.</ref> The Victorian three-storey mansion sits on a 
400-foot-long, 20-foot{{convert|400|ft|m|adj=on}}-long, {{convert|20|ft|m|adj=on}}-high brick terrace or viewing platform (only visible from the South side) which dates from the mid-seventeenth century. The exterior of the house is rendered in Roman cement, with [[terracotta]] additions such as [[baluster]]s, capitals, [[keystone]]s and [[finial]]s. The roof of the mansion is meant for walking on and there is a circular view, above the tree-line, of parts of Buckinghamshire and Berkshire including Windsor Castle to the South.<ref name='Crathorne206'>{{Harvnb|Crathorne|199(contracted; show full)

The details are recorded in a document compiled by William Waldorf Astor in 1894 called "The Historical Descent of Cliveden". It shows that in 1237 the land was owned by Geoffrey de Clyveden and by 1300 it had passed to his son, William, who owned fisheries and mills along the Cliveden Reach stretch of the Thames and at nearby Hedsor. 

The document also shows that in 1569 a lodge existed on the site along with 
50&nbsp;acres{{convert|50|acre|m2}} of land and was owned by Sir Henry Manfield and later his son, Sir Edward. In 1573 there were two lodges on 160&nbsp;acres{{convert|160|acre|km2}} of treeless [[chalk]] escarpement above the Thames. It was on this impressively high but exposed site that Buckingham chose to build the first Cliveden house. 
===George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham===
[[Image:2ndDukeOfBuckingham.jpg|thumb|125px|right|George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham.]]
(contracted; show full)
The Duke was prompt in commissioning the architect [[Charles Barry]] to rebuild Cliveden in the style of an Italianate villa. Barry, whose most famous project is arguably the Houses of Parliament, [[Westminster]], was inspired by the outline of the two earlier houses for his design. The third (and present) house on the site was completed in 1851-2 and its exterior appearance has little changed to this day. The 
100-foot{{convert|100|ft|m|adj=on}}-tall clock tower, which is actually a water tower (still working to this day) was added in 1861 by the architect [[Henry Clutton]]. Also around this time another architect, [[George Devey]], was commissioned to build half-timbered cottages on the estate along with a dairy and boathouse.

(contracted; show full)[[Category:Historic house museums in Buckinghamshire]]

[[es:Cliveden]]
[[fr:Cliveden]]
[[pt:Cliveden]]
[[ru:Клайвден]]
[[simple:Cliveden]]
[[th:คฤหาสน์คลิฟเดิน]]