Difference between revisions 112909382 and 112909384 on dewiki

{{about|the British mansion|Benjamin Chew's mansion in Germantown, Pennsylvania|Cliveden (Benjamin Chew House)}}
[[Image:Cliveden-2382.jpg|thumb|400px|View looking north from the Ring in the Parterre showing Terrace Pavilion and Clock Tower to the left with Lower Terrace and Borghese Balustrade below]]

(contracted; show full)fire, the present house is a blend of the English [[Palladian architecture|Palladian]] style and the Roman Cinquecento.<ref>Crathorne, 1995, p.29.</ref> The Victorian three-storey mansion sits on a {{convert|400|ft|m|adj=on}}-long, {{convert|20|ft|m|adj=on}}-high brick terrace or viewing platform (only visible from the South side) which dates from the mid-seventeenth century. The exterior of the house is rendered in Roman cement, with [[terracotta]] additions such as [[baluster]]s, capitals, [[
Keystone (architecture)|keystone]]s and [[finial]]s. The roof of the mansion is meant for walking on and there is a circular view, above the tree-line, of parts of Buckinghamshire and Berkshire including Windsor Castle to the South.<ref name='Crathorne206'>{{Harvnb|Crathorne|1995|p=206}}</ref>

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[[Image:Frederick, Prince of Wales, and his sisters by Philip Mercier.jpg|upright|thumb|left|Frederick, Prince of Wales with his sisters at Kew, c.1733. A copy of the painting hangs at Cliveden.]]

===Frederick, Prince of Wales===
Between 1737 and 1751 the estate was leased to [[Frederick, Prince of Wales]] by Orkney's heirs after his death. Frederick was the son of [[George 
II of Great Britain|George II]] and the father of [[George III]]. After falling out with his father, Frederick used Cliveden to enable him to withdraw from life at the royal court. At Cliveden he established a family home for his wife Augusta and their children. 

It was during the Prince's tenure of the house that ''[[Rule, Britannia!]]'' (an aria by the English composer [[Thomas Arne]]) was first performed in public in the cliff-side amphitheatre at Cliveden on 1 August 1740. It was played as part of a [[masque]] to celebrate the third birthday of his daughter, [[Princess Augusta of Great Britain|Augusta]].

It is believed that it was at Cliveden in 1751 that the Prince received a blow to the chest from a cricket ball while playing in the grounds; the resulting infection proved fatal.<ref name="Ref-1">N.T. Guide, 1994, p.19</ref>

After his death, Frederick's family left Cliveden and the estate was once again used by Orkney's heirs until the night of 20 May 1795 when the house caught fire and burned down. The cause of the fire was thought to have been a servant knocking over a candle.<ref name="Ref-1"/>

==Victorian Cliveden==
===Sir George Warrender===
After the fire of 1795 the house remained a ruin for the first quarter of the 19th century until, in 1824 the estate was purchased by [[Sir George Warrender]],BT, [[Member of Parliament|MP, 4th Baronet]]. To rebuild Cliveden, Warrender selected [[William Burn]], a Scottish architect, and decided on a design for a two-storey mansion designed with entertaining on a grand scale in mind.

===George, 2nd Duke of Sutherland===
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*The house appears in the film ''[[Don't Lose Your Head]]'', from the ''Carry-On'' genre of 1960s films.
*Horse and carriage sequences in ''[[The Card]]'' (aka ''[[The Promoter]]'') (1952) starring Alec Guinness were filmed on the drive.
*The Thames at Cliveden appears in both ''[[Chaplin
 (film)|Chaplin]]'' (1992) and ''[[Carrington (film)|Carrington]]'' (1995).
*Cliveden's panelled library stands in for a priest's New York study in the 2008 film ''[[Made of Honor]]''.
*A [[National Lottery (United Kingdom)|UK lottery]] advertisement portrays a man running around on the grounds at Cliveden.
*Cliveden was featured as part of a reward on the UK television show ''[[The Apprentice (UK TV series)|The Apprentice]]''.
*In 2000 the BBC ''[[Antiques Roadshow]]'' used the grounds as a venue for a valuation day.
*Cliveden was also feaured in the film ''[[The Yellow Rolls Royce]]'' with [[Rex Harrison]], [[George C. Scott]], and [[Shirley MacLaine]].
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