Difference between revisions 112909424 and 112909426 on dewiki

{{about|the British mansion|Benjamin Chew's mansion in Germantown, Pennsylvania|Cliveden (Benjamin Chew House)}}
[[Image:Cliveden-2382.jpg|thumb|400px|View looking north from the Ring in the Parterre showing Terrace Pavilion and Clock Tower to the left with Lower Terrace and Borghese Balustrade below]]

(contracted; show full)he original Cliveden [[maze]], commissioned by Lord Astor in 1894, is undergoing restoration, after having lain overgrown and inaccessible since the 1950s, with a view to opening it to the public in 2011.<ref>[http://maidenheadadvertiser.co.uk/m/leisure/article-10205-new-maze-for-cliveden/   Maidenhead Advertiser website. Last accessed 12/03/10]</ref> It will be replanted with 1,100 six-foot-tall [[Taxus baccata|yew]] trees.

===Temples, pavilions and follies===
[[Image:Cliveden-2365.jpg|thumb|
righleft|Giacomo Leoni's 1735 "Temple"]]
The earliest known garden buildings at Cliveden were both designed by Giacomo Leoni for Lord Orkney; the Blenheim Pavilion (c.1727) was built to commemorate Orkney's victory as a general at the [[Battle of Blenheim]]. The Octagon Temple, situated two-hundred feet above the Thames, was originally designed as a [[gazebo]] and [[grotto]] but was later converted by the 1st Lord Astor to become the family [[chapel]]. Its interior and dome are decorated with colourful [[mosaics]] by Clayton and Bell representing religious scenes. The [[pagoda]] in the water garden was made for the [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|Paris Exposition Universelle of 1867]] and was purchased by the 1st Lord Astor from the [[Chateau de Bagatelle|Bagatelle]] estate in Paris in 1900. In the woods there is a small [[flint]] [[folly]] thought to date from the mid-nineteenth century.

===Sculpture collection===
[[Image:Cliveden-2410.jpg|thumb|left|[[Thomas Waldo Story]]'s Fountain of Love inscribed "Waldo Story, Roma 1897"]]
One of the features of the gardens is the large collection of sculpture, most of it acquired by the 1st Lord Astor from 1893 to 1906.<ref name='NT'>{{Harvnb|National Trust|1994|p=}}</ref> The shell fountain, known as the Fountain of Love, greets visitors at the end of the lime tree [[Avenue (landscape)|avenue]] up to the house. It was sculpted by  [[Thomas Waldo Story]] , (American, 1855–1915) in Rome in 1897 and was commissioned by Lord Astor for this site. It features a large [[Carrara]] marble shell supporting three life-size female figures attended by [[cupid]]. The  "Tortoise" fountain  near the parterre was also made by T.W. Story at around the same time.

[[Image:Cliveden-proserpina.jpg|140px|thumb|right|[[Proserpina]], after the original c.1565]]⏎
In the forecourt there is a collection of eight marble Roman [[sarcophagus|sarcophagi]], some of which date from c.AD 100 and were bought by Lord Astor from Rome.⏎
[[Image:Cliveden-proserpina.jpg|upright|thumb|left|[[Proserpina]], after the original c.1565]]

The Queen Anne Vase at the end of the Long Walk is said to have been given to Lord Orkney by [[Anne of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] in the eighteenth century and consists of a tall [[urn]] on a plinth decorated with the [[Greek key pattern]].

At the far-end of the parterre is a 20th-century copy of a bronze group entitled ''[[The Rape of Proserpina]]'' (Italian, c.1565), bought by W.W. Astor from Italy. The original is now housed in the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]].<ref>N.T. Guide, 1994, p.47.</ref>

The well-heads and oil-jars found throughout the gardens came from Venice and Rome respectively.<ref name='NT60'>{{Harvnb|National Trust|1994|p=60}}</ref>

===Borghese balustrade===
The largest sculpture in the grounds, technically in two parts, is the 17th-century Borghese Balustrade on the parterre. Purchased by Lord Astor in the late 19th century from the [[Villa Borghese gardens]] in Rome, it is crafted from [[Travertine]] stone and brick tiles by [[Giuseppe Di Giacomo]] and [[Paolo Massini]] in c.1618-19. It features seats and balustrading with fountain basins and carved eagles. 

==="Cliveden snail"===
In 2004, a colony of small Mediterranean land snails of the species ''[[Papillifera bidens]]'' was discovered living on the Borghese Balustrade. Presumably this species, new to the English fauna, was accidentally imported along with the balustrade in the late 19th century, and managed to survive the intervening winters to the present day.<ref>name="Sharpe">Janet Rideout Sharpe.March 2005.[http://home.earthlink.net/%7Eaydinslibrary/MalacGp07.pdf  ''Papillifera papillaris (Gastropoda:Clausiliidae): a new record for Britain''] The Archeo+Malacology Group Newsletter, (7):page 6&ndash;7.</ref>

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==Film and television==
*The 2001 [[Bollywood]] film ''[[Yaadein]]'' was partly filmed at Cliveden.
*In the 2004 film ''[[Thunderbirds (film)|Thunderbirds]]'', Cliveden is used as the location for [[Lady Penelope Creighton-Ward|Lady Penelope]]'s house, 'Creighton-Ward Mansion'.
*The house is featured in the 2005 film ''[[Mrs. Henderson Presents]]''.
(contracted; show full)[[Category:Historic house museums in Buckinghamshire]]

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