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Benutzer:Andy king50/Knowsley Hall
{{Infobox Historic Site | name = Knowsley Hall| native_name = | image = Knowsleyhall.jpg| image_size = 250| caption = The southern facade of Knowsley Hall circa 1880 showing the [[Gothic Revival|Gothicised]] south wing to the left and the [[loggia]] at the end of the east wing on the right| locmapin = Merseyside| map_width = 250| map_caption = Location in Merseyside| alt = | latitude = 53.4380| longitude = -2.8384| coordinates = | coord_parameters = | coord_display = title| coord_format = | location = Near (contracted; show full)#x27; is a stately home near [[Liverpool]] within the [[Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley]], in [[Merseyside]], England. Since 1953 it has been designated a Grade&nbsp;II* [[listed building]],<ref name=images>{{NHLE |num= 1253241|desc= Knowsley Hall|accessdate= 18 August 2013|separator=,|ps=}}</ref> and is the ancestral home of the Stanley family, the [[Earls of Derby]].<ref name=hall>{{Citation | url = http://www.knowsleylettings.co.uk/ | title = Welcome to the Estate | accessdate = 7
&nbsp;  October 2010| publisher = Knowsley Hall}}</ref>  The hall is surrounded by {{convert|2500|acre|km2}} of parkland,<ref name=hall/> which contains the [[Knowsley Safari Park]].<ref>{{citation |url= http://www.knowsleysafariexperience.co.uk/ |title= Knowsley Safari Park |accessdate=7&nbsp;  October 2010 |publisher= Knowsley Hall }}</ref>  The hall is no longer the home of the Stanley family<ref name=pp222/> but has been restored and converted for functions such as corporate events, conferences and weddings.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.knowsleyhallvenue.co.uk/| title = Knowsley Hall| accessdate = 7&nbsp;  October 2010| publisher = Knowsley Hall }}</ref>

==History==

Originally Knowsley was a medieval hunting lodge in the estate of [[Lathom House]].  It was inherited by the [[James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby|10th&nbsp;Earl]] in 1702 who developed the lodge into a large house. A dairy (since demolished) was designed by [[Robert Adam]], 1776-77.<ref>[[Howard Colvin]], ''A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600-1840'', 3rd ed. (Yale University Press) 1995, '(contracted; show full)|George IV]] in 1820–21. In the grounds of Knowsley he maintained a [[menagerie]] which contained 94 different species of mammals and 318 species of birds, many of which were rare and valuable.<ref name=anon7>Anon, p. 7.</ref>  [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby|Edward, the 13th&nbsp;Earl]] created a large library of works relating to [[natural history]] and was a champion of [[Edward Lear]], whom he commissioned to paint animals from the menagerie.<ref>Anon. p. 8.</ref>
    

[[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Edward, the 14th&nbsp;Earl]] was a politician who became [[Prime minister|Prime Minister]] three times.  He was responsible for steering the [[Slavery Abolition Act 1833|Slavery Abolition Act]] through Parliament and in his third administration the [[Reform Act 1867|Second Reform Bill]] was passed.<ref name=anon9/>  The political tradition was maintained by [[Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby|Frederick, the 16th Earl]] who became [[Secretary of Stat(contracted; show full)

==Parkland==

This consists of an area of approximately {{convert|2500|acre|km2}} surrounded by a stone wall {{convert|9+1/2|mi|km|0}} long.<ref name=anon2/>  It has been registered by English Heritage at Grade&nbsp;II.<ref>{{Citation |url= http://list.english-heritage.org.uk/resultsingle.aspx?uid=1000997|title= Knowsley Hall|year=2011 |work=The National Heritage List for England |publisher=[[English Heritage]] |accessdate= 9
&nbsp;  May 2011}}</ref>  The park was landscaped in the 1770s by [[Capability Brown|"Capability" Brown]], who flooded a {{convert|62|acre}} lake to feed the water-gardens around the hall.<ref name=anon2/>  The southeast section of the park was made into a [[safari park]] in 1971.  To the east and northeast of the hall is a chain of lakes, White Man's Dam, the Octagon Pond and the Home Pond.<ref>Pevsner and Pollard, pp. 221–222.</ref>  The Octagon was built as a summer house in 1755<ref name=pp222>Pevsner and Pollard, p. 222.</ref> and designed by [[Robert Adam]].<ref name=anon2/>    

The park contains a number of buildings.  These include the New House which was built for the [[Edward Stanley, 18th Earl of Derby|18th&nbsp;Earl]] and his family, by Phillimore in 1963 in Neo-Georgian style, the stables to the north of the hall which were designed by William Burn in the 1840s, the boathouse of 1837, also by William Burn, the Nest, Home Farm, and a number of lodges.<ref>Pevsner and Pollard, pp. 222–223.</ref>

==Present use==
Apart from the Safari Park being a tourist attraction, the hall and its grounds are used for a number of purposes.  The hall can be booked for conferences and corporate events,<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.knowsleyhallvenue.co.uk/?p=1 | title = Events | accessdate = 7&nbsp;  October 2010| publisher = Knowsley Hall}}</ref> and for private events.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.knowsleyhallvenue.co.uk/?p=8 | title = Private | accessdate = 7&nbsp;  October 2010| publisher = Knowsley Hall}}</ref> It is licensed for weddings.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.knowsleyhallvenue.co.uk/?p=37 | title = Weddings | accessdate = 7&nbsp;  October 2010| publisher = Knowsley Hall}}</ref>  Events are held in the grounds to raise money for local charities.<ref>Anon p. 1.</ref>

==References==
'''Citations'''
{{Reflist|30em}}
'''Sources'''
{{refbegin}}
*{{Citation | last =Pollard| first =Richard | authorlink = | last2 = Pevsner | first2 = Nikolaus | author2-link =Nikolaus Pevsner| series= The Buildings of England|title =Lancashire: Liverpool and the South-West |edition= | publisher =[[Yale University Press]] | year =2006 | location =New Haven and London | pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn =0-300-10910-5 }}
*{{Citation  | last = Anon. | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Knowsley Hall and Estate |edition= | publisher = Jarrold | year = 2005 | location = Norwich | pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category inline|Knowsley Hall}}
*[http://www.knowsley.com/ Knowsley Hall Official Website]

[[Category:Country houses in Merseyside]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed buildings in Merseyside]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed houses]]
[[Category:Stanley family (English aristocracy)]]
[[Category:Gardens by Lancelot "Capability" Brown]]