Revision 108106504 of "Benutzer:WorldPeace25/Sinosphere" on dewiki

{{Primary sources|date=April 2011}}
{{Chinese
|title=Sinosphere
|pic=East Asian Cultural Sphere.png
|picsize=260px
|s=汉字文化圈
|t=漢字文化圏
|p= Hànzì Wénhuà Quān
|j= hon<sup>3</sup> zi<sup>6</sup> man<sup>4</sup> faa<sup>3</sup> hyun<sup>1</sup>
|wuu=hoe<sup>去</sup> zy<sup>去</sup> ven<sup>平</sup> ho<sup>去</sup> jioe<sup>上</sup>
|poj=hàn-jī bûn-huà-khuan
|h=hon<sup>55</sup> sii<sup>55</sup> vun<sup>11</sup> fa<sup>55</sup> kien<sup>24</sup>
|kanji=漢字文化圏
|kana=かんじぶんかけん
|romaji=kanji bunkaken
|hanja=漢字文化圈
|hangul=한자문화권
|rr=hanja munhwagwon
|qn=Hán tự văn hoá khuyên <small>([[Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary|Sino-Viet.]])</small> <br>Khu vực văn hóa chữ Hán <small>(native)</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vienvanhoc.org.vn/reader/?id=80&menu=107 |title=Thời Trung đại trong văn học các nước khu vực văn hoá chữ Hán |publisher=Vienvanhoc.org.vn |date=2009-09-24 |accessdate=2010-05-03}}</ref><ref>[http://www.hcmussh.edu.vn/ussh/NewsEventAnnouncement/ViewNewsEvent.aspx?p0=0&p1=1066&p2=1&p4=3240&p7=&p8=0 Thư mời hội thảo Quá trình hiện đại hóa văn học Nhật Bản và các nước khu vực văn hóa chữ Hán]</ref>
|hn=漢字文化圈 <small>([[Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary|Sino-Viet.]])</small> <br>區域文化𡨸漢 <small>(native)</small>}}
{{ChineseText}}
'''Sinosphere''' ({{Zh|s=汉字文化圈|t=漢字文化圏|p=Hànzì Wénhuà Quān}}), a term coined by [[linguist]] [[James Matisoff]],{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} is a grouping of [[countries]] and regions that are currently inhabited with a majority [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] population or were historically under heavy [[Culture of China|Chinese cultural]] influence.

It is commonly used in [[areal linguistics]] to contrast with [[Indosphere]], which refers to the cultures and languages influenced by proximity to [[India]]. The term Chinese cultural sphere or [[Chinese character]] cultural sphere is used interchangeably for Sinosphere but covering a broader definition. Chinese cultural sphere denotes a grouping of countries, regions, and people with [[Culture of China|Chinese cultural legacies]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

==Origins==

This cultural region closely corresponds to the ancient "Sinic civilization" and its descendants, the "Far Eastern civilizations" (the Mainland and the Japanese ones), which [[Arnold J. Toynbee]] presented in the 1930s in "[[A Study of History]]", along with the [[Western world|Western]], Islamic, Eastern Orthodox, Indic, etc. civilizations, among the major "units of study" of the world's history.<ref>See the "family tree" of Toynbee's "civilizations" in any edition of Toynbee's own work, or e.g. as Fig.1 on p.16 of: "The Rhythms of History: A Universal Theory of Civilizations", By Stephen Blaha. Pingree-Hill Publishing, 2002. ISBN 0-9720795-7-2.
</ref>

==Defining characteristics==
The Sinosphere is unified by first language ability in [[Chinese language|Chinese]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} Asian commentators define the unifying factor as influence of traditional Chinese cultural beliefs, marked by [[Confucianist]] social and moral ethics, [[Taoist]] or [[Mahayana Buddhist]] religious beliefs, and the use of [[Chinese characters]] as a major part of writing system (''[[Hanzi]]'' in Chinese, ''[[kanji]]'' in Japanese, ''[[hanja]]'' in Korean, and ''[[Chinese characters in Vietnamese|Hán tự]]'' in Vietnamese).{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

Another indicator is the everyday use of [[chopsticks]], which also originate in China. For example, while [[Vietnamese cuisine]] and [[Thai cuisine]] are similar, chopsticks are traditionally used in Vietnam but not in Thailand (except limited use in eating noodles).{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

==See also==
* [[All under heaven]]
* [[Greater China]]
* [[Sinocentrism]]
* [[Sinoxenic]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Refbegin}}
*{{cite book|last= Ankerl |first= Guy |title= Global communication without universal civilization |origyear= 2000 |series= INU societal research |volume= Vol.1: Coexisting contemporary civilizations : Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western |publisher= INU Press |location= Geneva |isbn= 2-88155-004-5 |pages= }}
* Joshua A. Fogel, '''Articulating the Sinosphere: Sino-Japanese Relations in Space and Time''' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press,  2009. Edwin O. Reischauer Lectures; 2007). ISBN 2008041259

* [http://www.zaobao.com/chinese/pages1/chinese_others240604.html Chinese Cultural Sphere and the Use of Chinese Characters], Zhe Shiya, Lianhe Zaobao, 24 June 2004, Singapore (in Chinese)
* [http://www.ccmedu.com/detail.aspx?boardID=12&ID=15897 Export of Chinese Culture and Balance of Power in the World], Shinfeng, People's Daily, 28 March 2006, Beijing (in Chinese)
{{Refend}}


{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}

[[Category:Chinese culture]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Cultural spheres of influence]]
[[Category:Country classifications]]
[[Category:Chinese nationalism]]

[[es:Mundo chino]]
[[fr:Monde chinois]]
[[ko:한자 문화권]]
[[lt:Sinosfera]]
[[ja:漢字文化圏]]
[[ru:Китайский мир]]
[[vi:Khu vực văn hóa chữ Hán]]
[[zh-yue:漢字文化圈]]
[[zh:漢字文化圈]]