Revision 108349177 of "Benutzer:GordonKlimm/Übersetzungswerkstatt" on dewiki

{{Importartikel}}
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{{Infobox Stadt in Lateinamerika
|NAME = Socorro
|STAAT = [[Kolumbien]]
|BREITENGRAD = 6/28/0/N
|LÄNGENGRAD = 73/16/0/W
|REGION-ISO = CO-SAN
|KARTE = 
|ABWEICHENDE_BILDUNTERSCHRIFT = 
|KARTENGRÖSSE = 
|INSIGNIE1 = Escudo de El Socorro.svg
|INSIGNIE1-HÖHE = 
|INSIGNIE2 = Bandera de Socorro.svg
|INSIGNIE2-HÖHE = 
|REGION = [[Santander (Kolumbien)|Santander]]
|REGIONSBEZEICHNUNG = Departamento
|GRÜNDUNG = 16. März [[1681]]
|EINWOHNER = 28758
|EINWOHNER_BALLUNGSRAUM = 
|CENSUS = 2005
|FLÄCHE = 122,1
|BEVÖLKERUNGSDICHTE = 252
|HÖHE = 1230
|ANZAHL_STADTBEZIRKE = 
|GEWÄSSER = 
|POSTLEITZAHL = 
|VORWAHL = 
|KFZ_KENNZEICHEN = 
|ZEITZONE = -5
|STADTVORSITZ = Humberto Corzo Galvis<ref>[http://socorro-santander.gov.co/nuestraalcaldia.shtml?apc=aqxx-1-&x=9904 Webseite der Stadt]</ref>
|STADTPATRON = 
|OFFIZIELLE_WEBSEITE = www.socorro-santander.gov.co
|ANMERKUNGEN = 
|BILD1 = Socorro.jpg
|BILD1-BESCHREIBUNG = Die Kathedrale von Socorro, eine der bekanntesten Sehenswürdigkeiten der Stadt.
|BILD2 = 
|BILD2-BESCHREIBUNG =
|BILD3 = 
|BILD3-BESCHREIBUNG = 
}}

'''Socorro''' ist eine Stadt und Gemeinde im [[Kolumbien|kolumbianischen]] Departement [[Santander (Kolumbien)|Santander]].

== Geographie ==
Es liegt ca. 120&nbsp;km (2,5&nbsp;Stunden mit dem Auto) südlich von der Departementhauptstadt [[Bucaramanga]] und 320&nbsp;km nordöstlich von [[Bogotá]] (6&nbsp;Stunden mit dem Auto).

Socorros Landschaften reichen von stark geneigten Flächen (25&nbsp;% bis 50&nbsp;%) bis zu zu Steilhängen mit mehr als 75&nbsp;% Neigung. 

Die Hanglagen der Gemeinde werden für Naturbiotope, Forstwirtschaft und den Anbau von Dauerkulturen wie Kaffee, Zuckerrohr, Zitrusfrüchte, Bananen, Maniok, Tomaten, Bohnen, Hirse, Mais, Wassermelonen und Kürbisse verwendet.

Allerdings, aufgrund der Bedürfnisse der Bevölkerung, wurde auch in dieser Region Brandrodung und Abholzung des Urwaldes zugunsten von Farmland betrieben. Solche gerodeten Flächen wurden für den Anbau einjähriger Kulturen verwendet mit der Gefahr der einer erhöhten Bodenerosion. Um die Erosion zu vermindern gibt es Wiederaufforstungsprogramme. Wenige dieser Programme berücksichtigen nicht die einheimische Vegetation, um die Arten durch Veränderung der heimischen Flora zu bewahren.

Die steilen Hänge Verhindern den Einsatz von schweren Landmaschinen, zum Ackerbau werden oft rudimentäre und kleine Geräte und Werkzeuge verwendet. 

=== Klima und Vegetation ===
The vast majority of the area which sits the Socorro corresponds to the weather that occurs in pre-montane humid forest (1,200 to 2,000 [[metre|m]]) and tropical dry forest (900 to 1,200 masl). 

One of the main factors determining the climate of the municipality is its elevation, being located in a mountainous slope. His lands are distributed in warm and temperate climatic zones, being most of the land in production between 1,000 and 1,800 m above sea level. 

The temperature reaches 28 ° C and minimum 17 ° C, with an average of 24 ° C, rainfall is enhanced during the months of April and October, while the season between the months of January and March is the most dry.<ref>[http://www.socorro-santander.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m1I1--&m=f#geografia] Geografia Del Socorro<!---bot generated title--></ref> 

=== Angrenzende Nachbargemeinden ===
Die Gemeinde grenzt im Norden an [[Cabrera (Santander)|]] and [[Pinchote]], im Süden an [[Palmas del Socorro]], im Osten an [[Páramo (Kolumbien)|]] und im Westen an [[Simacota]] und [[Palmar (Kolumbien)|]].




== Geschichte ==
It was founded in 1681 by José de Archila and José Díaz Sarmiento.The town was very influential in the history of Colombia. There began the revolution of the Communards of 1781(revolucion de los comuneros), against the oppression of Spanish rule. 

Socorro was the capital of Santander between 1862 and 1886.

The origin of the population was much more prosaic and simple. Broadly it can be argued that formed beside the road leading from Velez to Giron, the exact site where today is located. Jose de Archila and José Díaz Sarmiento, wealthy landowners chanchona Valley, donated the land to the Virgen de Nuestra Senora del Socorro, to set the village on 16 June 1683. Blas García Cabrera, influential and neighboring potentate representing many settlers, requested the erection of the parish to the metropolitan curia Santa Fe, with such good fortune, that the Archbishop Antonio Sanz Lozano Auto created it by November 27 Next, under the name of “Nuestra Senora del Socorro” and 2 December, the president, governor and captain general of New Granada, Francisco del Castillo de la Concha civilly approved the new administrative section. 

At the request of Captain Francisco Arias of Toledo and numerous neighbors, after four decades of constant progress of population, chairman Archbishop Francisco de Cossio and Otero granted the title of city in 1771, which changed the name to "City of Our Lady Cossio Socorro and Otero, whose officials took office on Aug. 15. However, as such grace, not filled the legal requirements, ie they were granted by the King of Spain, Felipe V objected and overruled on December 30, 1712. 

Perhaps the origin of "Very Noble and Loyal Villa", to which King III of Spain with this honorable designation lifted on 25 October 1771, granting further coat of arms on 25 April 1773, which is Marine exaltation. For the Mother of God, under the title Our Lady of Mercy, has presided over all the events of the years of Vila today. 

In 1795 King Charles IV created the capital province of Socorro with the same name, in territory more than half of the current department of Santander, which remained in force until 13 May 1857, when Congress established the State of Santander, which later became king. Socorro sporadically served as capital and property since 14 September 1861 by the Constituent Assembly Act until 24 March 1886, when Dr. Antonio Roldan pro executive decree, the moved to Bucaramanga. 

Socorro in the Revolution broke the Communards on 16 March 1781. Arciniegas states: "In New Granada the independence war, began to germinate in Distress" and is absolutely right. For the excessive taxes, socorran people revolted against colonial authorities in the revolution of the commoners, the only social upheaval in the annals named captains, generals as his chiefs, that is, chose a plural executive, which means that democracy was born here, the right of citizens to elect and be elected. Here also originated the army, clad in sisal-soled sandals, trousers, blanket, linen shirt and hat of bamboo, because Don Juan Generalissimo Francisco Barbee official appointed upper and lower, sergeants, corporals and the full range of levels that existed and exist in the military. The villagers were betrayed, Galan, Molina and Ortiz Alcantuz paid with his life the perennial desire to be free men. But the seed of freedom remained dormant. Again the Socorrans, headed by Dr. Jose Lorenzo Silver and Martinez gave the dish with the colonial regime on 10 July 1810.<ref>[http://www.socorro-santander.gov.co/nuestromunicipio.shtml?apc=m1I1--&m=f#historia] Historia Del Socorro<!---bot generated title--></ref>

Socorro is the birthplace of Colombian painter [[Oscar Rodríguez Naranjo]] (1907–2006).

== Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur ==
=== Industrie und Handel ===
=== Verkehr ===
=== Bildung und Kultur ===
Socorro ist Sitz des [[Bistum Socorro y San Gil|Bistums Socorro y San Gil]].
The Town is home to two collegiate education institutions.

1.[[Industrial University of Santander]]

2.[[Free University of Colombia]]

{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{es icon}} [http://www.socorro-santander.gov.co/sitio.shtml Socorro official website]
* [http://visitasantander.co/guide/index/en#!/s/en/:municipality/socorro/santander.htm Tourism Information Socorro]

{{Municipalities santander department}}


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[[en:Socorro, Santander]]
[[es:El Socorro (Santander)]]
[[fr:Socorro (Santander)]]
[[it:Socorro (Colombia)]]
[[nl:Socorro (Santander)]]
[[war:Socorro, Santander]]
[[zh:索科羅 (桑坦德省)]]

[[Kategorie:Ort in Kolumbien]]
[[Kategorie:Departamento de Santander]]
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=== Klima ===
Die mittlere Jahrestemperatur beträgt 23 Grad Celsius und der mittlere Jahresniederschlag 1041 Millimeter.

== Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur ==
=== Industrie und Handel ===
=== Verkehr ===
Von hier führen Hauptstraßen in den Nordosten nach [[Cúcuta]] in den Norden nach [[Santa Marta]] und in den Süden nach [[Tunja]] und [[Bogotá]]. Auch besitzt die Stadt einen eigenen Flughafen (Palo Negro). Der Bahnhof von Bucaramanga ist heute wohl auch wegen des Darniederliegens der Eisenbahn Kolumbiens ein Slum aus Bretterburgen.
Bucaramanga ist dabei, nach dem Vorbild des [[TransMilenio]] [[Bogotá]]s ein öffentliches Bussystem namens [[Metrolínea]] einzurichten. Die Fertigstellung der ersten Teilabschnitte ist für 2008/09 geplant.

== Söhne und Töchter der Stadt ==
* [[Julian Leal]], kolumbianischer Rennfahrer
* [[Omar Gomez Rey]], kolumbianischer Maler
* [[Horacio Serpa]], Politiker

== Weblinks ==
{{commonscat|Socorro}}
* http://www.bucaramanga.gov.co/
* http://www.vanguardia.com/ (Regionale Tageszeitung)
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