Revision 140843421 of "Benutzer:EierlegendeWollmilchsau/List of active separatist movements in Africa" on dewiki

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This is a '''list of currently active [[Separatism|separatist]] movements in [[Africa]]'''. Separatism includes [[autonomism]] and [[secession]]ism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet two criteria:
#They are active movements with living, active members.
#They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
*'''''De facto'' state''': for regions with ''[[de facto]]'' autonomy from the government
*'''Proposed state''': proposed name for a seceding [[sovereign state]]
*'''Proposed autonomous area''': for movements toward greater [[Autonomous area|autonomy for an area]] but not outright secession
**'''Ethnic Group(s)''': for the ethnic groups made up of the area
**'''''De facto'' autonomous government''': for governments with ''de facto'' autonomous control over a region
**'''Government-in-exile''': for a [[Government in exile|government based outside of the region in question]], with or without control
**'''Political party (or parties)''': for [[Political party|political parties]] involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
**'''Militant organisation(s)''': for armed organisations (sometimes called [[Terrorism|terrorist organisations]])
**'''Advocacy group(s)''': for [[Advocacy group|non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities]]

=={{flag|Algeria}}==
*[[File:Berber flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Kabyle people|Kabyle]]s
**'''Proposed state''': [[Kabylie]]
**'''Political party''': [[Movement for the autonomy of Kabylie]]<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.mondeberbere.com/presse/20030608_boston_globe.pdf
|format=PDF|title=The other intifada
|publisher=Berberworld.com, republished article from Boston Globe
|author=Adam Shatz
|date=2003-06-08
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>

=={{flag|Angola}}==
*[[File:Flag of Cabinda Province.svg|22px|border]] [[Cabinda (province)|Cabinda]] (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]])
**'''Proposed state''': [[Republic of Cabinda]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/flec.htm
|title=Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda
|publisher=GlobalSecurity.org
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>
**'''Government-in-exile''': [[Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda|Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)]]
**'''Political party''': [[Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda|Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Forças Armadas de Cabinda|Forças Armadas de Cabinda (FAC)]]
* [[United Kingdom of Lunda Tchokwe]]
**'''Independence Movement''': [[United Kingdom of Lunda Tchokwe]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[United Kingdom of Lunda Tchokwe]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.africafederation.net/Lunda_Tchockwe.htm|title=United Kingdom of Lunda Tchokwe|publisher=africafederation.net|accessdate=2011-02-02}}</ref>

=={{flag|Cameroon}}==
*[[Bakassi Peninsula]]
**'''Proposed state''': Democratic Republic of Bakassi<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2006-08/2006-08-07-voa50.cfm?CFID=163755954&CFTOKEN=89445458&jsessionid=0030f7f16bfaa3acfbc5f315525524635336
|title=Bakassi Region Residents Protest Handover of Region to Cameroon
|author=Gilbert da Costa
|date=2006-07-07
|publisher=Voice of America
|accessdate=2009-04-12}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
**'''Pressure group''': [[Bakassi Movement for Self-Determination]]
*[[File:Flag of Southern Cameroons.PNG|22x20px|border]] [[Southern Cameroons]] (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization and Organization of Emerging African States]])
**'''Proposed state''': Federal Republic of Southern Cameroon, [[Ambazonia]]
**'''Political party''': [[Southern Cameroons National Council]]<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=10276&ThisURL=./western.asp&URLName=Western%20Region
|title=Southern Cameroons National Council plans street protests to have activists freed
|publisher=The Post News
|date=2005-11-27
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>
**'''Pressure group''': [[Southern Cameroon Liberation Movement]]

=={{flag|Comoros}}==
*{{flagicon|Anjouan}} [[Anjouan]]
**'''Political parties''': [[Anjouan People's Movement]], [[Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais]], [[Mawana]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.comores-online.com/mwezinet/politique/partis/mpa.htm
|title=MPA - Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais
|publisher=MweziNet
|accessdate=2009-04-11}}</ref>
*[[File:Flag of Mohéli.svg|22px|border]] [[Mohéli]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Democratic Republic of Mwali]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4954ce49c.html
|title=World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Comoros : Overview
|publisher=UNHCR
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>

=={{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}==
*[[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Kongo.svg|22px|border]] [[Bas-Congo]]
**'''Pressure group''': [[Bundu dia Kongo]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Kingdom of Kongo]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.radiookapi.net/files/file_file_183.pdf
|format=PDF|title=SPECIAL INQUIRY INTO THE BAS CONGO EVENTS OF FEBRUARY AND MARCH 2008
|publisher=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
|date=May 2008
|accessdate=2009-05-10}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
*[[File:Flag of Katanga.svg|22px|border]] [[Katanga Province|Katanga]]
** '''Political parties''': [[Confédération des Associations de Katanga Tribales]], [[Union of Independent Federalists and Republicans]]
**'''Militant organizations''': [[Mai-Mai]] community-based militia groups<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/af/118995.htm
|title=2008 Human Rights Report: Democratic Republic of the Congo
|publisher=US Department of State
|accessdate=2009-04-12}}</ref>
**'''Status''': Sporadic violence
*[[Kwili]], [[Kivu]], [[Bukavu]]
**'''Status''': Insurgency<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/issue/557/6623
|title=Democratic republic of Congo: Civil war erupts once again
|publisher=The Socialist (UK)
|author=Iain Dalton
|date=2008-11-19
|accessdate=2009-04-12}}</ref>

=={{flag|Egypt}}==
*[[File:Coptic flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Copt]]s
**'''Proposed state''': [[Coptic Pharaonic Republic]]
**'''Pressure group''': Coptic [[Christians]] living abroad<ref>{{cite book
|title=Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z
|page=472
|first=James |last=Minahan
|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group
|year=2002
|isbn= 0-313-32384-4
}}</ref>
*[[Bir Tawil]]
**'''Proposed state''': Republic of Ababda
**'''Ethnic group''': [[Ababda people]]
*[[Nubian people|Nubian]]<ref name="egyptindependent1">http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/today%E2%80%99s-papers-al-qaeda%E2%80%99s-hoax-nubian-separatism</ref><ref name="ahram1">http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1063/eg8.htm</ref>
**'''Proposed state''': Republic of Nubia
**'''Ethnic group''': [[Nubian people|Nubian]]

=={{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}==
*[[File:Bubi nationalist flag.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Bioko]]
**'''Pressure group''': [[Movement for the Self-Determination of Bioko Island]]
**'''Status''': The indigenous [[Bubi people]] are now outnumbered by [[Fernandino peoples|Fernandinos]] and [[Beti-Pahuin#Fang|Fang]] immigrants from the mainland.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ipu.org/hr-e/162/geq07.htm
|title=CASE N° GEQ/07 - MARCELO LOHOSO - EQUATORIAL GUINEA
|publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>

=={{flag|Ethiopia}}==
*[[File:Et afaria.png|22x20px|border]] [[Afar Region]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Islamic State of Afaria]]
**'''Political party''': [[Afar Liberation Front]]
*[[File:Et gambella.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Gambela Region]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Gambella Peoples Liberation Front]]
*[[File:Flag of Ogaden.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Ogaden]] ([[File:Somali Region.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Somali Region]])
**'''Proposed state''': [[Republic of Ogadenia]] (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]])
**'''Political party''': [[Ogaden National Liberation Front]], [[Western Somali Liberation Front]], [[Ogaden Republican Army]]
**'''Pressure group''': [[Ogaden Youth Association]]
*[[File:Et olf.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Oromia Region]]
**'''Proposed state''': Republic of Oromia (also known as [[Oromia]]) (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]])
**'''Militant organizations''': [[Oromo Independence Movement]], [[Oromo Liberation Front]], [[Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia]], [[Conference of Oromiya Peoples Liberation Front]], [[Oromo Youth Revolutionary Movement]] (also known as Abiddaa)
**'''Pressure group''': The  [[National Youth Movement for Freedom and Democracy]] (also known as Qeerroo)
*[[File:Et tigray.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Tigray Region]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Independent Republic of Tigray]]
**'''Political party''': [[Tigrayan People's Liberation Front]]

*[[Sidama Zone]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Republic of Sidama]]
**'''Political party''': [[Sidama Liberation Front]]

=={{flag|France}}==
*[[Réunion]]
:;Secessionist movements
:*'''Political party''': [[File:Proposed flag of Réunion (Nationalist movement).svg|22x20px|border]] Lorganizasion Popilèr po Libèr nout Péi (Lplp) – Popular Front for National Liberation: composed of Nasion Rénioné, Mar, Drapo rouz, Patriot rénioné and Mir.
:*'''Political party''': [[Marxist–Leninist Communist Organisation of Réunion]]

*[[Mayotte]] continues to have autonomist movements despite the island having voted to become France's 101st [[Department (administrative division)|department]] in 2011.<ref>http://mayotte.rfo.fr/infos/dossiers/politique-quand-mayotte-deviendra-departement_1706.html</ref>

=={{flag|Ivory Coast}}==
*Northern Regions
**'''Proposed state''': [[Republique des les Regions Nordenses]].
**'''Pressure groups''': [[Patriotic Movement of Côte d'Ivoire]]" (MPCI), [[Ivorian Popular Movement of the Great West]] (MPIGO), [[Movement for Justice and Peace]] (MJP)<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2846.htm
|title=Background Note: Cote d'Ivoire
|publisher=US Department of State
|accessdate=2009-04-11}}</ref>

=={{flag|Kenya}}==
*[[Mombasa]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Mombasa Republic]]
**'''Political party''': [[Mombasa Republican Council]]<ref>http://theafricareport.com/index.php/20120517501811752/east-horn-africa/kenya-s-mombasa-republican-council%E2%80%A9-the-coast-calls-for-freedom-501811752.html</ref><ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2012/sep/06/africa-map-separatist-movements-interactive</ref>

=={{flag|Libya}}==
*[[File:Flag of Cyrenaica.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Cyrenaica]]
** '''Proposed state''': [[semi-autonomous "State of Cyrenaica"]]
*[[Toubou people]]
** '''Militant organisation''': [[Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya]]
** '''Proposed state''': [[Toubouland]]

=={{flag|Mauritius}}==
*[[File:Flag of Rodrigues.gif|22x20px|border]] [[Rodrigues Island]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.mathaba.net/news/?x=589484
|title=Cri de Liberté
|publisher=Mathaba News Network
|date=2008-04-21
|accessdate=2009-04-11}}</ref>

=={{flag|Mali}}==
*[[File:MNLA flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Azawad]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Azawad]]
**'''Ethnic Groups''': [[Tuareg]], as well as [[Songhai people|Songhai]], [[Fula people|Fula]]<ref>In {{lang-ff|Fulɓe}}; in {{lang-fr|link=no|Peul}}</ref> and [[Arabs]]/[[Moors]]
**'''Political party''': [[National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad]]
**'''Militant organisations''': [[National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad]]

=={{flag|Morocco}}==
*[[File:Flag of Western Sahara.svg|22px|border]] [[Western Sahara]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]
**'''Ethnic Group''': [[Sahrawi people]]
**'''De facto state''': [[Free Zone (region)|Free Zone]]
**'''Government-in-exile''': [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] based in [[refugee camps in Tindouf Province, Algeria]]
**'''Political party''': [[Polisario Front]]
**'''Militant organisation''': [[Sahrawi People's Liberation Army]]

=={{flag|Namibia}}==
*[[File:Flag of CANU.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Caprivi Strip|Caprivi]]
**'''Ethnic Group''': [[Lozi people|Lozi]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Free State of Caprivi Strip/Itenge]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/caprivi.htm
|title=Caprivi Liberation Front
|publisher=Federation of American Scientists
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>
**'''Political party''': [[Caprivi African National Union]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Caprivi Liberation Army]]<ref>{{cite book
|last=Forrest  |first=Joshua B.
|title=Subnationalism in Africa: Ethnicity, Alliances, and Politics
|accessdate= March 2007
|date= |year=2003
|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers
|isbn=1-58826-227-8|page=188}}</ref>

=={{flag|Niger}}==
*[[Agadez Department]]
**'''Ethnic Group''': [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]] people
**'''Militant organization''': [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Sahara]]
**'''Political parties''': [[Taniminnak Tidot N Tenere]], [[Tidot Union of Tenere]].
**'''Proposed state''': [[Akal N Tenere, Tenere Republic]]

=={{flag|Nigeria}}==
*[[Bakassi Peninsula]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Democratic Republic of Bakassi]]
**'''Pressure group''': [[Bakassi Movement for Self-Determination]]
*[[File:Flag of Biafra.svg|22px|border]] [[Igbo (people)|Igbo]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Biafra]] (defunct)
**'''National Liberation Movement''': [[Bilie Human Rights Initiative]]
**'''Political party''': [[Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra]]
**'''Government in exile''': [[Biafran Government in exile]]<ref>[http://www.biafraland.com/ProvisionalGovHdr.htm Biafraland]</ref>
*[[Hausa people|Hausa]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Arewa|Arewa Republic]]
**'''Political parties''': [[Arewa People's Congress]], [[Boko Haram]]
*[[Ijaw people|Ijaw]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Niger Delta Republic]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta]], [[Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force]]
*[[File:Flag of the Ogoni people.svg|22px|border]] [[Ogoni]]
**'''Political party''': [[Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People]]
*[[Yoruba people|Yoruba]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Oduduwa Republic of the Yorubas]]
**'''Political party''': [[Oodua Peoples Congress]]

=={{flag|Portugal}}==
{{See also|List of active separatist movements in Europe#Portugal}}

*{{flagicon image|Flag of Madeira.svg}} [[Madeira]]
** '''Political party: '''[[Democratic Party of the Atlantic]]

=={{flag|Rwanda}}==
*[[File:Bandera poble Batwa.svg|22px|border]] [[Great Lakes Twa|Batwa]] (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]])
**'''Proposed state''': [[Batwaland]]
**'''Political party''': [[Association for the Promotion of Batwa]]

=={{flag|Senegal}}==
*[[File:Flag of Casamance.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Casamance]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/mfdc.htm
|title=Mouvement des Forces Démocratiques du le Casamance (MFDC)
|publisher=GlobalSecurity.org
|accessdate=2009-04-11}}</ref>

=={{flag|Somalia}}==
*{{flag|Somaliland}}
**'''''': [[Somaliland]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Somali National Movement]]

=={{flag|South Africa}}==
*[[File:Afrikaner Vryheidsvlag.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Boere-Afrikaners]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Volkstaat]],<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.mg.co.za/article/2008-10-12-ek-is-wit-en-trots-daarop
|title='Ek is wit en trots daarop'
|publisher=Mail & Guardian
|date =2008-10-12
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref> [[South African Republic|Transvaal]], [[Orange Free State]], [[Natalia Republic|Natalia]] (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]])
**'''Political Party''': [[Freedom Front Plus]], [[Federale Vryheidsparty]]
**'''Pressure group''': [[Orania, Northern Cape|Orania]] Movement
**'''Militant organization''': [[Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging]], [[Boeremag]]

*[[File:CapePartLogo.gif|22x20px|border]] [[Cape Party]]
**'''Proposed state''': [[Cape Republic]]
**'''Political Party''': [[Cape Party]]

*[[Thembu people]]
**'''Proposed state''':Thembuland.<ref>http://www.news24.com/Content/SouthAfrica/News/1059/9a68b52ea4c14b31a9df048672f27c93/24-01-2010-04-43/Accept_Thembuland_-_kings_lawyer_</ref>

=={{flag|South Sudan}}==
* [[Nuerland]]
** '''Ethnic Group''': [[Nuer people|Nuer]]
** '''Militant organization''': [[Nuer White Army]], [[SPLA-Nasir]] (1991 - 1994)
** '''Status''': [[2011 South Sudan clashes|Ongoing insurgency]]

=={{flag|Spain}}==
{{See also|List of active separatist movements in Europe#Spain}}

*[[File:Mpaiac.PNG|22px|border]] [[Canary Islands]]
** '''Political parties (autonomist):''' [[Coalición Canaria]], [[Partido Nacionalista Canario]], [[Centro Canario Nacionalista]], [[Nueva Canarias]]
** '''Political parties (secessionist):''' [[FREPIC-AWAÑAK]], [[Alternativa Nacionalista Canaria]], [[Alternativa Popular Canaria]], [[Unidad del Pueblo]], 
** '''Youth movement:''' [[Azarug]]
** '''Proposed state:''' [[Canary Islands]] (sometimes also [[Western Sahara]] and [[Tamazgha]])

=={{flag|Sudan}}==
*[[Beja people|Beja]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Beja Congress]]
*[[File:Bandera Darfur.svg|22x20px|border]]  [[Darfur]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Darfur Liberation Front]]
*[[Eastern Sudan]]
**'''Militant organization''': [[Eastern Front (Sudan)|Eastern Front]]
*[[Kordofan]]
**Ongoing conflict: [[Sudan internal conflict (2011–present)]]
*[[Nubian]]<ref name="egyptindependent1"/><ref name="ahram1"/>
**'''Proposed state''': Republic of Nubia
**'''Ethnic group''': [[Nubian]]

=={{flag|Tanzania}}==
*[[File:Flag of Zanzibar.svg|22px|border]] [[Zanzibar]] (member of the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]])
**'''Political party''': [[Civic United Front]]

=={{flag|Uganda}}==
* [[File:Flag of Buganda.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Buganda]]
** '''Youth movement''': [[Buganda Youth Movement]]

=={{flag|Zambia}}==
*[[File:Flag of Barotseland.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Barotse]]
**'''Ethnic Group''': [[Lozi people|Lozi]]
** '''Proposed state''': [[Barotseland]]
** '''Militant organization''': [[Barotse Patriotic Front]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=55102
|title=Assessment for Lozi in Zambia|publisher=Minorities at Risk
|accessdate=2009-04-10}}</ref>

=={{flag|Zimbabwe}}==
* [[Northern Ndebele people|Matabele]]
**'''Ethnic Group''': [[Matabele people|Matabele]]
** '''Proposed state''': [[Matabeleland]], [[Mthwakazi Free State]]
** '''Militant organization''': [[Mthwakazi Liberation Front (M.L.F.)]]<ref>[http://www.bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-press+release-byo-10581-article-Mthwakazi+Liberation+Front+is+1+year+old+-+Achievements+and+the+road+ahead.html]</ref>
**'''Political party''': [[Matabeleland Freedom Party]]<ref>[http://matabelelandfreedomparty.org/mata-const.php]</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of active separatist movements]]
*[[List of historical separatist movements]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Separatist movements per continent}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Active Separatist Movements In Africa, List Of}}
[[Category:Africa-related lists|Separatist Movements, Active]]
[[Category:Disputed territories in Africa|Separatist Movements In Africa, Active]]
[[Category:Secessionist organizations| Africa]]
[[Category:Society-related lists|Separatist Movements In Africa, Active]]