Difference between revisions 1345654 and 1346861 on enwiki

'''We Didn't Start the Fire''' is a [[song]] by [[Billy Joel]] that lists major events in his lifetime, from 1949 to 1989.

==Lyrics==


''([[1949]])''<br>
[[Harry Truman]], [[Doris Day]], [[People's Republic of China|Red China]], [[Johnnie Ray]]<br/>
''[[South Pacific]]'', [[Walter Winchell]], [[Joe DiMaggio]]

''([[1950]])''<br>
[[Joe McCarthy]], [[Richard Nixon]], [[Studebaker]], [[television]]<br/>
[[North Korea]], [[South Korea]], [[Marilyn Monroe]]

''([[1951]])''<br>
[[Ethel and Julius Rosenberg|Rosenbergs]], [[H-Bomb]], [[Sugar Ray Robinson|Sugar Ray]], [[Panmunjon]]<br/>
[[Marlon Brando|Brando]], ''[[The King and I]]'', and ''[[The Catcher in the Rye]]''

''([[1952]])''<br>
[[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]], [[vaccine]], [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|England's got a new queen]]<br/>
[[Rocky Marciano|Marciano]], [[Liberace]], [[George Santayana|Santayana]] goodbye

We didn't start the fire<br/>
It was always burning<br/>
Since the world's been turning<br/>
We didn't start the fire<br/>
No we didn't light it<br/>
But we tried to fight it

''([[1953]])''<br>
[[Joseph Stalin]], [[Malenkov]], [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] and [[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]]<br/>
[[Nelson Rockefeller|Rockefeller]], [[Roy Campanella|Campanella]], [[Communist bloc]]

''([[1954]])''<br>
[[Roy Cohn]], [[Juan Perón]], [[Arturo Toscanini|Toscanini]], [[dacron]]<br/>
[[Battle of Dien Bien Phu|Dien Bien Phu falls]], ''[[Rock Around the Clock]]''

''([[1955]])''<br>
[[Albert Einstein|Einstein]], [[James Dean]], [[Brooklyn Dodgers|Brooklyn's got a winning team]]<br/>
[[Davy Crockett]], ''[[Peter Pan]]'', [[Elvis Presley]], [[Disneyland]]

''([[1956]])''<br>
[[Brigitte Bardot|Bardot]], [[Budapest]], [[Alabama]], [[Nikita Khrushchev|Khrushchev]]<br/>
[[Grace Kelly|Princess Grace]], ''[[Peyton Place]]'', [[Suez Crisis|trouble in the Suez]]

We didn't start the fire<br/>
It was always burning<br/>
Since the world's been turning<br/>
We didn't start the fire<br/>
No we didn't light it<br/>
But we tried to fight it

''([[1957]])''<br>
[[Little Rock Crisis|Little Rock]], [[Boris Pasternak|Pasternak]], [[Mickey Mantle]], [[Jack Kerouac|Kerouac]]<br/>
[[Sputnik program|Sputnik]], [[Zhou Enlai|Chou En-lai]], ''[[The Bridge on the River Kwai|Bridge on the River Kwai]]''

''([[1958]])''<br>
[[Lebanon]], [[Charles de Gaulle]], [[Los Angeles Dodgers|California baseball]]<br/>
[[Charles Starkweather|Starkweather homicide]], [[thalidomide|children of thalidomide]]

''([[1959]])''<br>
[[Buddy Holly]], ''[[Ben-Hur]]'', [[Mercury program|space monkey]], [[Mafia]]<br/>
[[hula hoop]], [[Fidel Castro|Castro]], [[Edsel|Edsel is a no go]]

''([[1960]])''<br>
[[Lockheed U-2|U-2]], [[Syngman Rhee]], [[payola]] and [[John F. Kennedy|Kennedy]]<br/>
[[Chubby Checker]], ''[[Psycho]]'', [[Belgian Congo|Belgians in the Congo]]

We didn't start the fire<br/>
It was always burning<br/>
Since the world's been turning<br/>
We didn't start the fire<br/>
No we didn't light it<br/>
But we tried to fight it

''([[1961]])''<br>
[[Ernest Hemingway|Hemingway]], [[Adolf Eichmann|Eichmann]], ''[[Stranger in a Strange Land]]''<br/>
[[Bob Dylan|Dylan]], [[Berlin Wall|Berlin]], [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]]

''([[1962]])''<br>
''[[Lawrence of Arabia]]'', [[The Beatles|British Beatlemania]]<br/>
[[University of Mississippi|Ole Miss]], [[John Glenn]], [[Sonny Liston|Liston]] beats [[Floyd Patterson|Patterson]]

''([[1963]])''<br>
[[Pope Paul VI|Pope Paul]], [[Malcolm X]], [[Profumo Affair|British politician sex]]<br/>
[[John F. Kennedy assassination|JFK blown away]], what else do I have to say?

We didn't start the fire<br/>
It was always burning<br/>
Since the world's been turning<br/>
We didn't start the fire<br/>
No we didn't light it<br/>
But we tried to fight it

''([[1964]]-[[1989]])''<br>
[[Birth control]], [[Ho Chi Minh]], [[U.S. presidential election, 1968|Richard Nixon back again]]<br/>
[[Apollo 11|Moonshot]], [[Woodstock]], [[Watergate]], [[punk rock]]<br/>
[[Menachem Begin|Begin]], [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]], [[Palestine]], [[aircraft hijacking|terror on the airline]]<br/>
[[Ruhollah Khomeini|Ayatollahs in Iran]], [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|Russians in Afghanistan]]

''[[Wheel of Fortune]]'', [[Sally Ride]], [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]], [[suicide]]<br/>
[[Foreign debts]], [[Vietnam veteran|homeless vets]], [[AIDS]], [[crack]], [[Bernhard Goetz|Bernie Goetz]]<br/>
[[Syringe|Hypodermics on the shore]], [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989|China's under martial law]]<br/>
[[Rock and Roll|Rock and Roller]], [[Cola Wars]], I can't take it anymore

We didn't start the fire<br/>
It was always burning<br/>
Since the world's been turning<br/>
We didn't start the fire<br/>
No we didn't light it<br/>
But we tried to fight it

We didn't start the fire<br/>
But when we are gone<br/>
Will it still burn on, and on, and on, and on...[[Image:Sscrossmall.gif|thumb|right|The Symbol of the Society of the Holy Cross]]
The '''Society of the Holy Cross''' is an [[Anglo-Catholicism|Anglo-Catholic]] order of priests in the [[Anglican]] tradition, not to be confused with the Roman Catholic order [[Priestly Society of the Holy Cross]] which is an order of [[Opus Dei]] priests.  It is abbreviated '''SSC''' for the initials of the Latin name for the society, ''Societas Sanctae Crucis''. It includes priests who are within the worldwide [[Anglican Communion]], as well as some priests who are in the so-called [[Continuing Anglican]] movement.

The current Master General of the order is Father David Houlding, SSC.

==Founding and Early History==

The society was founded on [[February 28]], [[1855]] in the Chapel of the House of Charity, [[Soho]], [[London]] by six [[Anglican]] priests:  [[Charles Fuge Lowder]], Charles Maurice Davies, David Nicols, Alfred Poole, Joseph Newton Smith, and Henry Augustus Rawes.  These six priests were some of the earliest adherents to the ideals and philosophies of [[Anglo-Catholicism]] within the [[Church of England]].  Initially, the society they formed was intended as a secret association for their own personal advancement and edification, but it soon came to be the driving force behind the Anglo-Catholic movement within Anglicanism, particularly after the first phase of the [[Oxford Movement]] had played it's course and [[John Henry Newman]] had converted to [[Roman Catholicism]].  Like Newman, three of the founding members of the '''SSC''', eventually converted to Roman Catholicism: Davies, Nichols and Rawes.

Father Lowder was undoubtedly the true founder of the society and he served as its first Master.  While visiting France in 1854, he had first conceived of the idea of an order of Anglo-Catholic priests based on the [[Lazarists]], a Roman Catholic priestly order founded by [[Vincent de Paul|St. Vincent de Paul]].  The society expanded almost immediately as other Anglo-Catholic priests in London joined the original six.  The priests of the society ministered in parishes characterized by poverty and working class membership in some of the poorest slum areas of London.  These included the parishes of:  St. Barnabas, Pimlico; St. Peter's, London Docks and St. George's in the East. Many of these areas were so dangerous that successive Bishops of London refused to visit the parishes and missions served by '''SSC''' priests, although their refusal was also often motivated by a distaste for the practices of the Anglo-Catholic clergy.

The practices of the priests of the society were to lead to persecution, lawsuits, rioting and even imprisonment of some of the member priests.  The society was committed to practices which were very close, indeed in some cases indistinguishable, from practices in the [[Roman Catholic Church]].  This included a devotion to the [[Holy Sacrament]], a committment to the celebration of the [[Mass]], the practice of [[confession|auricular confession]], the wearing of eucharistic [[vestments]], the use of [[incense]], the use of liturgical hand bells, the use of wafer breads at the celebration of the Mass, and other Catholic practices.  While these practices were not completely unknown in the [[Church of England]] since the [[Reformation]], most of them had not been in general use for hundreds of years, as the Church of England had been throroughly [[Protestant]] in most places since the reign of [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]].  It is important to note that the priests of the '''SSC''' considered these practices an outward, necessary and physical expression of belief and doctrine, and not as simply aesthetic adornments to worship.

Many [[Low Church]] and [[Latitudinarian]] churchmen viewed the practices of the '''SSC''' priests with horror and dismay.  In many cases, Mass and the [[Divine Office]] in Anglo-Catholic parishes were disrupted by rioting and shouting during the reading of Lessons and the sermon.  Furniture, books and cushions were commonly hurled at priests, choristers and altars during and after services, and public assault on priests by their opponents was also frequent.  Lawsuits were filed against priests for (among other things):  hearing confessions, 'false teachings on the Eucharist' as well as for the use of candles, incense and wearing of eucharistic vestments.  In many cases, priests were suspended from their ministries and some of these prosecutions were successful, but priests of the society resisted the actions of their opponents and the civil courts and in many cases continued to practice their religion in keeping with their own consciences.  Other actions brought in the civil courts had split decisions, where some Catholic practices were permitted by the courts, while others were ruled illegal.  Still other practices were sometimes ruled by the civil courts not to be illegal ''per se'', but that their continued use would require direct authorization by the diocesan [[Bishop]].

==The Public Worship Regulation Act==
''See: [[Public Worship Regulation Act]]''

In 1867, a government commission was established to "inquire into the rubrics, orders and directions for regulating the course and conduct of public worship" which was presented to [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]].  The recommendations of this commission eventually led to the passing of the Public Worship Regulation Act by the [[Benjamin Disraeli|Disraeli]] government in 1874 with the stated aim of "putting down the Ritualists".  The Act was framed by a number of Low Church clergymen and politicians, most notably [[Archibald Tait]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] who had previously served as the [[Bishop of London]], and had refused visitation to the parishes served by priests of the '''SSC'''. After the Act came into force on July 1, 1875 began the period of the most severe legal persecution against priests of the '''SSC''', as prosecutions were carried out against them under the auspices of the Act.  A Low Church organization, the [[Church Association]], which had been responsible for some the initial lawsuits brought against '''SSC''' priests before the Act was passed, now vigourously prosecuted priests who persisted in Anglo-Catholic practices.

==See also==
*[[Priestly Society of the Holy Cross]] (Roman Catholic)