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Difference between revisions 19729 and 29491 on enwiki==Dark ages== When were the dark ages? ----- The term 'dark ages' is not used by professional historians any more. :That's largely missing the point, which is to communicate to users of wikipedia in the ways appropriate to how they are using it. Consider this excerpt: "Traditionally, the Middle Ages is said to begin when the West Roman empire formally ceased to exist..." Well, it's wrong. <i>Traditionally</i>, i.e. the way it used to be called, that was actually when the Dark Ages began. Traditionally, the Middle ages were considered to begin as early as Charlemagne or as late as Manzikert, depending on who was drawing the line and why (which varied with the geographical area in question). So, if the article is instructing people on modern usage, well and good (but the word "traditionally" should be changed to, say, "currently"). Conversely, the term "Dark Ages" should be handled properly for people like me, who have been using it as a way of explaining other things <i>in terms of people's ordinary understandings</i> - and for that, you have to avoid terms of art. PML. : The more we learn about the Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (note the preferred [[:Periodization|Periodization]]) the more clear it is that the 'Dark Ages' was a misnomer. There was never a time in Europe when people didn't read and write, buy and sell, etc., etc. There was a time when there was no particularly efficient central government in most parts of Europe, but if that's your definition of 'darkness,' then I can't help you. The term 'dark' was originally used by Italians in the 15th century to refer to the time between themselves (obviously enlightened, a time of Rebirth [Rinascimento = Renaissance]) and the Greco-Romans. Very self-satisfied of them to think of themselves as on one of two well-lit peaks with a dark valley between them, no? --MichaelTinkler : Michael wrote: ''There was a time when there was no particularly efficient central government in most parts of Europe, but if that's your definition of 'darkness,' then I can't help you. '' He might have added: ''"and neither can the EEC in Brussels!"'' (Sorry - couldn't resist the easy shot - [[User:Tannin|Tannin]]) re: Perioditization and other terminology -------- Michal is right about the usage of the term 'dark ages' -- a term I think was first used by Petrarch? Another term that I have seen used (or rather, misused) in several places is 'feudalism.' May I suggest that anyone using this term make sure they have first read the relevant articles by Peggy Brown and Susan Reynolds, and then use the term in a VERY qualified way? [[User:JHK|JHK]] ==Feudalism== I don't want to change this without some discussion, since I know there's a lot of academic debate on the subject, but there's something on the page that seems to suggest that the entirety of Europe was "feudal" for the entire Middle Ages. Do we have room for (and would anyone mind) a more thourough discussion of "feudalism" and its permutations and variations, or should I go ahead and create a new page for it? -- Kate Secor --------- go right ahead [[User:Chris mahan|Christopher Mahan]] --------- Note that there is already a page about [[feudalism]]. --[[User:Eloquence|Eloquence]] 21:20 Nov 14, 2002 (UTC) --------- Thanks, [[User:Eloquence|Eloquence]]. I put in a new link and am trying to figure out which of several new pages needs to get written first. ;P -- [[User:Aiglet|Kate Secor]] ==Spelling of the adjective== [[User:Tedius Zanarukando| Tedius Zanarukando]] has edited the page so that it now reads: (The corresponding adjective is spelt '''''medieval''''' in [[American English]] [influenced by French '''''mediéval'''''] Is there any evidence that the American spelling is influenced by French? I would have thought that it was part of the general American simplification of spelling. I can think of several instances of a British "ae" being shortened to an American "e". [[User:David Stapleton|David Stapleton]] 22:57, Nov 21, 2003 (UTC) ==Early medieval redirected== why is "early medieval" redirected to medieval? I thought to do something about archaeological chronology, but this doesn't fit on the medieval page? --[[User:Yak|Yak]] 11:55, Feb 26, 2004 (UTC) ==Message to all people editing history articles== There seems to be a tendency for some editors to include the period between the Renaissance and the American Revolution, or at least the 18th century, into the "Middle Ages". I've seen articles discussing 17th or 18th century events after introducing them as "medieval". This is wrong with respect to the conventional historical periods. The period between the early 16th century and the late 18th century is generally referred to as "early modern", and its end as the "ancien régime" in some European contexts. [[User:David.Monniaux|David.Monniaux]] 10:29, 21 Aug 2004 (UTC) : And, just for completeness, the article for this is at [[Early Modern period]]. --[[User:Joy|Joy <small><small>[shallot]</small></small>]] == Middle Ages WikiProject == [[User:Stbalbach]] has set up a [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Middle Ages|Middle Ages WikiProject]], if anyone is interested. [[User:Adam Bishop|Adam Bishop]] 07:16, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC) ==China edit== From China's Middle Ages period, I removed the following text: ' Needham points out that the [[lever]], a [[simple machine]], was not implemented with straight rods in China, but rather had corners -- a clear misunderstanding of the principle. Perhaps the problem was compounded by the sense that China had the greatest civilization on earth, at the time.' -- I think it's too much point of view and too detailed for this article. -- [[User:Cugel|Cugel]] 08:57, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)<b>FORREST LEE HORN</b> ---- [email protected] Address and telephone number available upon request. <b>OBJECTIVES</b>: Temporary or part time [[Life Coaching]] contracts; contract, temporary or part time [[dispute resolution]] assignments as mediator and/or arbitrator. <b>SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS</b> :<b>[[Human Resources]]</b> ::<b>*</b> Excellent human resources skills. Possess over 14 years experience in all aspects of human resources management and development. ::<b>*</b> Experienced in wide variety of organizational cultures ranging from Fortune 500 corporations to small shops and covering diverse product and service environments. ::<b>*</b> Conceived, developed and implemented training and team building programs for both military and civilian organizations. ::<b>*</b> Experienced in labor contract [[Negotiation]]. ::<b>*</b> Conceived and developed highly successful employee participation programs that provided both manufacturing and administrative staff with the opportunity to effect organizational change. Programs resulted in lower operational costs, decrease in quality defects, and increases in productivity, profitability, and personnel retention. ::<b>*</b> Assisted in the development of a supervisor assessment center. ::<b>*</b> Conceived, implemented and managed an organizational communication program which greatly facilitated communication between management, administration, engineering and manufacturing employees at all levels. ::<b>*</b> Redesigned compensation structure for an organization of over 3,000 people. :<b>Conflict Management</b> ::<b>*</b> Researched, designed and managed my own organization providing conflict management, including [[mediation]], [[conciliation]], and [[arbitration]] for both organizations and individuals. ::<b>*</b> Designed and implemented conflict resolution programs which included procedural guidelines, internal complaint procedures and independent arbitration options. ::<b>*</b> Managed and participated as mediator/arbitrator in over 200 conflict resolution cases. Several of these cases involved dollar amounts of over $100,000. :<b>Additional Experience and Skills</b> ::<b>*</b> Highly creative and experienced writer. ::<b>*</b> Directly managed organizations of up to 250 people. ::<b>*</b> Excellent presentation skills, including small group facilitation and public speaking. ::<b>*</b> Highly organized, creative, results-oriented. ::<b>*</b> Computer and Internet proficient; have taken the <b>Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer</b> course. Professional history includes [[United States Army]], [[General Electric]] Company and [[Exxon]] Corporation. <B>EDUCATION</b> :<b>* Masters Degree</b> in [[Industrial Relations]], secondary concentration in [[Organizational Development]], University of Cincinnati, Ohio :<b>* Bachelor of Science</b> in Business Administration, secondary concentration in Social Science, minors in Public Speaking and [[Economics]], [[Geneva College]], Beaver Falls, [[Pennsylvania]] :<b>* Employee Relations Management Training Program</b> graduate, General Electric Company :<b>* Continuing Seminars and Workshops</b>: interpersonal relations, training and development, equal employment practices, organizational policy development, organizational productivity planning, facilitator training, mediation and arbitration training, automated human resources systems, and others. References available upon request :''See also :'' [[F. Lee Horn]] All content in the above text box is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license Version 4 and was originally sourced from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=29491.
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