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Difference between revisions 26843 and 15938788 on enwikiThis is a sample game of [[chess]]. +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White has the first move, and therefore a significant initiative. White wins 10% more often than black simply on the power of that initiative. Therefore it is important not to squander the opening advantage with a move that does nothing. 1. e4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White chooses an excellent move, common among beginners and experts alike. The move has several advantages. #It stakes out territory in the center. Whichever player controls the center with pawns will probably be able to find good squares for his pieces. #It opens a diagonal for the king's bishop to move out and attack. #It opens a diagonal for the queen to move out and attack. 1... e5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | '''p''' | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h This move for black is good for the same reasons listed above. Note that the two e-file pawns are not threatening to capture each other, because pawns capture diagonally. Instead they merely block each other until something breaks the logjam. 2. Nf3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | '''p''' | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | N | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White makes another fine move. He is mobilizing his forces by bringing them forward into attack position. White could have moved out his queen instead, but that would be dangerous. The queen is too valuable to trade for any other piece, so it can't do much by itself unless the opponent carelessly leaves pieces unprotected. It is better to wait until there are other pieces in the fray which can serve as shock troops for her highness. White also could have moved out his bishop. That would not be bad, but it isn't clear yet whether the bishop wants to be at c4, b5, or possibly even behind the pawns. The knight, on the other hand, usually goes to f3 anyway. On h3 it would not attack the center, and on e2 it would be temporarily in the way. 2... f6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | '''p''' | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | '''p''' | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | N | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Black makes a worthless move. He needed to defend his pawn with 2...Nc6 or counter-attack white's pawn with 2...Nf6. Either knight move would maintain the balance of the game by contesting the center. The move 2...f6 appears to defend the threatened e-pawn, but this is an illusion, as the game shall demonstrate. Black has weakened his kingside, allowing attacks on the f7 square, which is protected by nothing other than the king itself. 3. Nxe5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | '''p''' | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | N | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White attacks immediately. This move is somewhat speculative, because white does not yet have enough pieces out to develop a convincing attack. A purer play would be 3.Bc4, attacking the weakened f7 square and hoping to build a coordinated, irresistable attack. On the other hand, after the display of weakness in black's second move, white can hardly be faulted for going for the jugular. 3... fe +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | '''p''' | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | Q | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Another poor move by black. The only way to try for an equal game was 3...Qe7, ''skewering'' the white knight, pawn, and king. That is to say, the queen would indirectly be attacking everything in the e-file. After the knight moves away, the queen can take on e4 with check, safely regaining the pawn. Retaking the knight now merely invites the white queen to jump into the battle. The fact that black can't afford to take the knight shows that 2...f6 didn't really protect the pawn at all. 4. Qh5+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | '''k''' | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | '''p''' | | | Q | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h The game's first check! There are three legal ways to respond to check: #Capture the piece giving check. Here this is impossible, as black has nothing which can move to h5. #Interpose a piece between the king and the piece giving check. Black could play 4...g6. But that would lose a rook to 5.Qxe5+ and 6.Qxh8. #Move the king out of check. Moving the king to f7 leaves it in check, and is thus illegal, so e7 is the only square for moving out of check. Note that white has ''forked'' the king on e8 and the pawn on e5. There is no time for black to protect both, so no matter what he does to get out of check, the white queen can take on e5. 4... Ke7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''k''' | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | '''p''' | | | Q | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h This move leaves black in a dangerous position, because his king is so exposed. Furthermore, his rooks, bishops, and queen still have no way to get out. The black position is no more developed than it was at the start of the game. 5. Qxe5+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''k''' | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Another check. Black now has only one legal move. He can't interpose anything between the king and queen, and he can't take the queen, so he must move his king out of check. There is only one square next to the black king which the white queen is not attacking. 5... Kf7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | '''k''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | B | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White's queen is a dangerous attacker. However, because it is too valuable to trade for anything, it can only take undefended pieces. Everything in the black camp is defended by something, so the queen has done all she can do by herself. It is time to bring in reinforcements. 6. Bc4+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | '''k''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | B | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h This is an excellent move to keep the pressure on black. Because it develops a piece and gives check, white prevents black from consolidating. If white played less energetically with 6.Nc3, his advantage would evaporate instantly. Black could answer with 6...Be7, giving the king room to retreat to f8. Once black gets his king to safety, he might actually be winning. White has only two pawns for the sacrificed knight, which leaves black at a material advantage. 6.... d5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | '''k''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | '''p''' | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | B | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Black makes an excellent defensive move. Never forget that moving the king isn't the only way to get out of check! Admittedly, black's d-pawn is a dead duck. It is attacked by white's bishop, queen, and pawn, three times altogether, while it is defended only once, by black's queen. The sacrifice is worthwhile, though, to open up lines for the queen and bishop so they can help with the defense. Now if white fails to find the best continuation, black has some chance to counter-attack. 7. Bxd5+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | '''k''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | B | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Check again! White doesn't give black a chance to do anything constructive. Let's review the three ways to get out of check: #Capture the piece giving check. Black could play 7...Qxd5. But white would simply take queen with 8.Qxd5+. With such a huge material disadvantage and an exposed king, black could resign without feeling like a quitter. #Interpose a piece. Black could play 7...Be6. But that would be inadvisable, because the bishop would be defended only once (by black's king) and attacked twice (by white's queen and bishop). In fact, white could end the game at once with 8.Qxe6++ checkmate! #Move the king. Alas, the only square which is not under attack by white is g6, even further into the open. It beats the alternatives, though. 7... Kg6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''k''' | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | B | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | P | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Now white must think of a way to continue the attack. He would like to play 8.Qf5+, driving the black king to h6 where it can be cornered and checkmated, but black's c8 bishop is guarding the square f5. If black hadn't interposed with 6...d5, he would now be subject to a forced checkmate. As it stands white has to be more creative to keep the initiative. 8. h4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''k''' | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | B | Q | | | | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Again white finds a strong continuation. White is threatening to force the black king to h6 after all with h5+. Also the pawn protects the g5 square which is important in some mating combinations. Finally, there is some chance the rook will be able to join the attack down the h-file. 8... h5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''p''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''k''' | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | B | Q | | | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Black plays the best defense. The white pawn is blocked from further advances, and the king has a new escape square on h7. Black's position is still precarious, but there is no immediate way for white to force checkmate. Now let us take a step deeper into chess reasoning. White knows black is on the run for the moment, but if he has a chance to regroup, the game is far from over. Three pawns for the sacrificed knight is roughly material equality. If white brings additional forces forward with 9.Nc3 or 9.d4, the obvious developing moves, black will harass the white queen with 9...Bd6. That would force white to lose time protecting the queen. Black would gain time to get his pieces out and get his king to safety. White desperately wants a quick kill, but can't see how to get it. He is annoyed that the black bishop on c8 prevents him from playing 9.Qf5+ and administering the coup de grace. Therefore he asks himself, what if there were no black bishop on c8? If only that annoyance were removed, I could do great things. 9. Bxb7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | '''b''' | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | B | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''k''' | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | Q | | | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White finds a forceful continuation that puts black in dire straits. Black's best bet is to ignore the white bishop and harass the white queen with 9...Bd6, but then white calmly plays 10.Qa5, maintaining the threat on f5 and forcing black to sacrifice material. One possible line of play is 9...Bd6, 10.Qa5 Nc6, 11.Bxc6 Rb8. The checkmate has been avoided, but now white has a large material advantage (four extra pawns) and can win slowly and surely with patient developing moves like 12.Nc3. As it happens, black does not understand the danger. He grabs the bishop for a material advantage of his own (bishop plus knight versus four pawns) and suffers the consequences. 9... Bxb7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''k''' | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | Q | | | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h 10. Qf5+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''k''' | | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | Q | | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h At last! Black has only one legal move. 10... Kh6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | Q | | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | P | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h 11. d4+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | | '''p''' | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | Q | | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h White continues the attack with a special kind of check, the ''discovered check''. He moves a pawn, but it isn't the pawn which gives check. It is the white bishop, attacking from its home square, which delivers the blow. Note that the black king has no legal moves, and the white bishop is safe from capture, so interposition is the only option. 11... g5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | | | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | Q | '''p''' | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h At this point white has an easy win with 12.Bxg5+ Kg7 13.BxQ. The material advantage of a queen and five pawns for a bishop and a knight is overwhelming. However, weak players have been known to play on in completely hopeless positions rather than resign. In order to forestall a long, boring mop-up operation, white looks for a direct kill. 12. Qf7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | '''q''' | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | Q | | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Truly a masterful move! White doesn't even call check, but mate is now inevitable. 12... Qe7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | '''q''' | Q | | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''p''' | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | P | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Nothing can save black short of white forgetting his plan, but there is some logic to the black move. Where can the white queen go? Any black piece she could take is protected. If white trades queens, then the attack is over, and black is winning. Finally, if the white queen simply retreats, black will strike back with a check of his own: 13...Qxe4+! But white must have foreseen this possibility, or he would never have played 12.Qf7 instead of 12.Bxg5. 13. hg+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | '''q''' | Q | | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | P | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Black can't get out of this check by interpostion or by moving the king away. All retreat is cut off by the well-placed white queen. The only option is to capture the checking piece. 13... Qxg5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | Q | | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''q''' | '''p''' | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | R | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h 14. Rxh5++ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''r''' | '''n''' | | | | '''b''' | '''n''' | '''r''' | 8 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | '''p''' | '''b''' | '''p''' | | | Q | | | 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | '''k''' | 6 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | '''q''' | R | 5 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | P | P | | | | 4 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | | | | | | | | | 3 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | P | P | | | P | P | | 2 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | R | N | B | | K | | | | 1 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ a b c d e f g h Checkmate. Black can't interpose anything, because the rook is giving check from an adjacent square. The black king can't move away, because the white queen covers all retreat squares. The black king can't capture the rook, because then he would be in check from the white queen. Finally, the black queen can't capture the white rook because she is ''pinned''. If she moved away, the white bishop on c1 would be giving check to the black king. Notice that, although material considerations are very important in chess thinking, you don't win by having the most pieces. You win by delivering checkmate! White was behind in material the entire game, including in the final position, but came away with the victory nonetheless.#REDIRECT [[Sample chess game]] All content in the above text box is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license Version 4 and was originally sourced from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=15938788.
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