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{{Chinatown}}

[[Image:San Francisco Chinatown.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Chinatown in San Francisco]]

This article discusses '''Chinatown patterns in North America'''. For the purposes of this article [[North America]] is defined as [[Canada]] and the [[United States]]. For a broad survey of individual Chinatowns in the region, see [[Chinatowns in North America]].  For information on [[Chinatown]]s in [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]], please refer to [[Chinatowns in Latin Americ(contracted; show full)ncluding speakers of Toisan (台山, [[Pinyin]]: Taishan) and Chung San (中山, Pinyin: Zhongshan) Chinese (these are various subdialects of [[Cantonese (linguistics)|Cantonese Chinese]]). Experiencing hardships, especially discrimination and prejudice in the big cities, the Chinese banded together and established their own distinct communities in the frontier areas. In many cases, Chinese were forbidden either through explicit laws or implicit agreements from purchasing land or residing outside of their enclaves
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===Origins===
Between the periods when the [[gold rush]]es on ''Gum shan'' ("Gold Mountain", 金山, Pinyin: Jin Shan) went bust and the [[First Transcontinental Railroad (North America)|transcontinental railroads]] were completed, the Toisan-speaking Chinese farm laborers, many of whom already had expertise in farming techniques, worked in the [[agriculture|agricultural]] industry of [[California]]'s [[Central Valley]], and there they formed small rural Chinatown enclaves (contracted; show full)|Los Angeles, Houston, Oakland, Toronto
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Sources: United States Citizenship and Immigration Services, Citizenship and Immigration Canada

[[Category:Chinatowns]]
[[Category:Chinese American history]]