Difference between revisions 68401407 and 72086446 on enwiki

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This is a '''sample game of [[chess]]''', recorded in standard [[algebraic chess notation]], and accompanied by commentary.

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==Moves 1-5==
{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|pd|pd|pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| After 1. e4.
}}

'''1. e4'''

White has the first move, and thereforewhich gives him a significant initiative.:  White wins an extra 10% of all chess games simply on the power ofdatabases of large numbers of chess games show that White scores about 10% better than Black (55% to 45%0, due to that initiative.  It is important not to squander the opening advantage with a move that does nothing.

White chooses an excellent move, common among beginners and experts alike.
The move has several advantages.
#It stakes out territory in the center.  Whichever player controls the center with [[Pawn (chess)|pawns]] will probably be able to find good squares for his pieces.
#It opens a diagonal for the king's [[Bishop (chess)|bishop]] to move out and attack.
#It opens a line for the [[queen (chess)|queen]] to move out and attack.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |pd|pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  |=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| After 1... e5.
}}

'''1... e5'''

This move for Black is good for the same reasons listed above.
Note that the two e-file pawns are not threatening to capture each other, because pawns capture diagonally.
Instead they merely block each other until something breaks the logjamone of them captures something or is captured.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |pd|pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  |=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |nl|  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 2. Nf3
}}

'''2. Nf3''' ([[King's Knight Opening]], C40)

White makes another fine move.
White isAnother excellent move, mobilizing White's forces by bringdeveloping a [[knight (chess)|knight]] forward into attack position.⏎
and attacking Black's pawn on e5 is now in danger.

White could have moved out the queen instead, but that would be dangerous, since the queen would be subject to attack by Black's pieces.
The queen is too valuable to tradexchange for any other piece, so it can't do much by itself unless the opponent carelessly leaves pieces unprotected.
It is better to wait until there are other pieces are developed, enabling the fray which can serve as shock troops for her highnessqueen to coordinate an attack with those pieces rather than on her own.

White also could have moved out the light-squared bishop.
That would not be a bad idea, but it isn't clear yet whether the bishop wants to be at c4, b5, or possibly even behind the pawnse2, or even g2.
The knight, on the other hand, usually goes to f3 anyway, because the other squares it could move to are inferior.
On h3 it would not attacke2 (or especially) h3 it would not have as much influence on the center, and on e2 it would bealso temporarily in the wayblock white's bishop.

The words "King's Knight Opening" and "C40" both describe the opening moves of the game (see [[chess opening]]).  The descriptive names have developed over the years, with many openings being mostly named after a player that uses that openingwho pioneered or popularized that opening, or a place where the opening originated.  The letter/number combination was developed for use in the [[Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings]] and moved into general use from there.  The names of the openings in both systems can be found in this [[list of chess openings]].

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |  |pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  |=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |nl|  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 2... f6
}}

'''2... f6?'''

Black makes a worthlesseak move, entering the infamous [[Damiano Defence]].
Black neededIt would have been stronger for Black to defend his pawn with either 2...Nc6 (main line) or 2...d6 ([[Philidor Defense]]), or to counter-attack White's pawn with 2...Nf6 ([[Petrov's Defence]]). If Black felt brave, he could also venture into the murky waters ofEither knight move would maintain the balance of the game by contesting the center. Also known, but much more risky, are 2...f5 ([[Latvian Gambit]]) orand 2...d5 ([[Elephant Gambit]]).⏎
Either knight move would maintain the balance of the game by contesting the center.

The move 2...f6 appears to defend the threatened e-pawn, but this is an illusion, as the game shall demonillustrates.
Black has weakened theThe move also weakens Black's kingside, allowinviting an attacks on the f7 square, which is protected by nothing other than the [[king (chess)|king]] itselfBlack's [[king(chess)|king]].
  and takes away the best square from Black's [[knight(chess)|knight]].

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |  |pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |nl|  |  |  |=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 3. Nxe5!
}}
'''3. Nxe5!'''

White attacks immediately, ''sacrificing'' the white knight for two pawns, although generally White would need three pawns for the knight to have material equality.
Although White can't calculate far enough ahead to know exactly how the sacrifice will pay off, it is judged that the attack will be at least strong enough to compensat. He will obtain at least two pawns for it (generally three pawns are considered roughly equivalent to a knight) and place Black's king in a very dangerous position.
Experienced players know that this sacrifice has been calculated as leading to a White advantage in all lines. Even a player who didn't know all of this analysis might judge that White obtains an attack at least sufficient to justify the sacrifice. If White weren't confident of the soundness of this sacrifice, either 3.d4 (occupying the center) or 3.Bc4 (pointing the bishop at Black's weakened king-side) would also be strong.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |  |pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  |=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 3... fxe5
}}

'''3... fxe5'''

Black makes the only move consistent with 2...f6, but it is not best.
The best try for an equal game was 3...Qe7, [[skewer (chess)|''skewering'']] White's knight, pawn, and king.
That is to say, the queen would indirectly be attacking everything in the e-file.
After the knight moved away, the queen could take on e4 with check, regaining the pawn. White would, however, have a large advantage because of his lead in development and Black's weakened king-side pawn structure, e.g. 4.Nf3 Qxe4+ 5.Be2, likely followed by 0-0 and Nc3 (attacking the queen).⏎
⏎
Retaking the knight now merely invites White's queen to jump into the fray with check Note that after 3...Qe7, the tempting 4.Qh5+? would lose material to 4...g6 5.Nxg6 Qxe4+ 6.Be2 Qxg6

3...fxe5 allows White's queen to jump into the fray with check, winning Black's pawn on e5 and chasing Black's king around.
The fact that Black cannot afford to take the knight shows that 2...f6 did not really protect the pawn at all.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 8 |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
 7 |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |  |pd|pd|=
 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 5 |  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |ql|=
 4 |  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
 2 |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 1 |rl|nl|bl|  |kl|bl|  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 4. Qh5+
}}

'''4. Qh5+'''

The game's first check!  There are three legal ways to respond to check:
#Capture the piece giving check.  Here this is impossible, as Black has nothing which can move to h5.
#Interpose a piece between the king and the piece giving check.  Black could play 4...g6.  But that would lose a rook to 5.Qxe5+ and 6.Qxh8.
#Move the king out of check.  Moving the king to f7 leaves it in check, and is thus illegal, so e7 is the only square for moving out of check.

Note that White has [[Fork (chess)|forked]] the king on e8 and the pawn on e5.
There is no time for Black to protect both, so no matter what Black does to get out of check, White's queen can take on e5.

Normally, it would be a bad idea to move out a queen this early in the game. But Black's exposed position makes it worthwhileIt is usually a bad idea to move out a queen this early in the game. But here, Black's exposed position allows White to win material and place Black's king in grave danger.


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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
(contracted; show full)Black makes an excellent defensive move. Moving the king isn't the only way to get out of check!

Admittedly, Black's d-pawn is a dead duck.
It is attacked by White's bishop, queen, and pawn, three times altogether, while it is defended only once, by Black's queen.
The sacrifice is worthwhile, though, to open up lines for the queen and bishop so they can help with the defense.
Now if White fails to find the best continuation, Black has some chance to counter-attack.


This move is necessary, sinceMost importantly, Black really has no choice. 6...Kg6? 7.Qf5+ Kh6 8.d4+ g5 9.h4! would leave White with a crushing attack.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 |rd|nd|bd|qd|  |bd|nd|rd|=
(contracted; show full) |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
 |rl|nl|bl|  |kl|  |  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 7... Kg6
}}
'''7... Kg6'''

Now White 
must think of a way to continue the attackhas gotten three pawns, a rough equivalent for his sacrificed piece, developed his pieces with gain of time, and forced Black's king to move. However, White must continue the attack energetically; if he does not do so, Black may be able to bring his king to safety and use his extra piece effectively.
White would like to play 8.Qf5+, driving Black's king to h6 where it can be cornered and checkmated, but Black's c8 bishop is guarding the square f5.
If Black hadn't interposed with 6...d5, Black would now be subject to a forced checkmate.
As it stands White has to be more creative to keep the initiative.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
(contracted; show full) |pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|  |=
 |rl|nl|bl|  |kl|  |  |rl|=
    a  b  c  d  e  f  g  h
| 9. Bxb7
}}
'''9. Bxb7'''

White finds a forceful continuation that puts Black in dire straits.
⏎
Black's best bet now is to ignore White's bishop and harass White's queen with 9...Bd6, but then White calmly plays 10.Qa5, maintaining the threat on f5 and forcing Black to lose material.  One possible line of play is 9...Bd6, 10.Qa5 Nc6, 11.Bxc6 Rb8.  The checkmate has been avoided (White would have answered 8...h6, favored by [[Sam Sloan]], the same way.) Black's best bet now is to ignore White's bishop and harass White's queen with 9...Bd6, but then White calmly plays 10.Qa5!, maintaining the threat on f5 and forcing Black to lose material.  Then Black's best is 10...Nc6 11.Bxc6 Rb8.  Black has avoided checkmate, but now White has a large material advantage (four extra pawns) and can win slowly and surely with patient developing moves like 12.Nc3, or even snatch a fifth pawn with 12.Qxa7.

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{{Chess diagram|=
| tright
| 
|=
 |rd|nd|  |qd|  |bd|nd|rd|=
(contracted; show full)
[[Category:Chess games]]

[[el:Παράδειγμα παρτίδας σκακιού]]
[[nl:Schaakpartij]]

==External links==
*[http://www.supreme-chess.com/java-chess-game/java-chess-game.html Java Chess Game] - Play a game of chess against the computer.