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The Cancer Institute (W.I.A) established in 1955 is an autonomous charitable comprehensive cancer centre registered under the Societies Registration Act of 1860. In 1975, it was declared a regional centre of cancer treatment and research for the southern region by the Government of India, the first cancer centre to be so chosen.

The Institute comprises of a Hospital, a Research Centre, the Dr. Muthulakshmi College of Oncologic Sciences and the Centre of Preventive Oncology.

The Cancer Institute is not a five star entity confined to the four walls of a polished multi storied building but is essentially a mission of service which reaches out to every nook and corner of the State.

Through all the turmoils and difficulties, the Institute's guiding principle has been the total care of the patients, whatever their social standing or economic status - to give patients access to the best state-of-art technology.

Where there was ignorance, fear and despair the Institute generated knowledge, hope and positive action. It brought to this country, a refinement of scientific technic and a quality of patient care in Oncology which was unknown before its birth. Indeed, the Cancer Institute is a symbol of man's eternal quest to conquer disease and an inspiration that reaches out to the humanity.

From 1954 to 2016, the 6 decades has been a period of accelerated expansion from a cottage hospital to a comprehensive cancer centre, comprising of a 520 bed Hospital.

== College of Oncologic Sciences ==
Dr. Muthulakshmi College of Oncological Sciences, the first college of Oncological Sciences in the country established in 1984, offers super speciality degrees D.M (Medical Oncology) and M.Ch (Surgical Oncology).

The college also offers D.M.R.T and M.D courses in Radiation Oncology. The Institute pioneered the first M.Sc. Degree in Medical Physics of the Anna University in 1981 and offers M.Phil in Psycho Oncology in 2011.

The Institute is recognised by Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University and Anna University for doctoral studies in Oncology.

== Research ==
Cancer Institute has always conceived of research as the basic foundation of clinical progress. Our mantra coined by Dr. Krishnamurthi, "Today's Research, Tomorrow's Treatment".

== Preventive Oncology ==
Cancer control activities by Cancer Institute dates back to 1961-62 when a survey of 10,775 patients attending the primary health centres in Chengelput district for any ailment was carried out analogous to opportunistic screening for cancer. This laid the foundation for the first pilot program on cancer control by the WHO in India.

Tobacco Cessation Centre was established in 2001 with the support of WHO and the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The Tobacco Cessation Clinic has been helping people to fight various forms of tobacco consumption.

== Dr. V. Shanta, Chairman, Cancer Institute (W.I.A) ==
My encounter with cancer started in 1954. Over the last 6 decades, there has been a sea change in the cancer horizon. When the Institute was founded in 1954, the second specialised hospital for cancer in the country, the perception of cancer was that it was invariably fatal and incurable. The only modalities of treatment available were surgery, radical surgery wherever possible and primitive High Voltage radiotherapy. Medical Oncology was not born. The phenomenal proliferation of scientific knowledge and technology between 1960-80 and the dawn of medical oncology in 1970 saw the advent of the concept of multimodality / multidisciplinary management in Oncology. We moved from incurability to curability, from cure to quality care, from survival to healing.

Oncologic practice is perhaps one of the most difficult and complex super specialities in medicine. WHS Jones in his translation of the work of Hippocrates says, "Medicine is a difficult art and one inseperable from the highest mortality and love of humanity". The relevance of this in the context of ethical conduct and practice in medicine, especially in oncologic practice is more than real.

The modern era has witnessed and is witnessing phenomenal advances in scientific knowledge and proliferation in technology. William Osler therefore said, practice of medicine is "an art and a science". As technology advanced the balance between technology, science and art shifted towards  the former and thus practice of medicine became "Science and art" and over a period of time the art component is gradually disappearing or has disappeared. William Osler at a later date said, practice of medicine is "an art, not a trade; a calling not a business". This is not doubt a reference to ethical practice. 

The implications of this change in medicare scenario, especially in oncologic practice are multifold. They are reflected in the guidelines laid down by Hippocrates. Hippocrates 460-377 BC considered father of medicine laid down certain basic guidelines for medical practice, considered a model for ethical practice.

It was a era when medicine was an "art of healing".

It was an era when the physician treated by "listening" to the patient.

In the present context of increasing technology and multidisciplinary care, it will be the responsibility of the oncologist to carefully consider the following:
* How to integrate the science, art and ethical practice in oncology care
* Multidisciplinary team in oncologic care and practice
* What is comprehensive care{{Infobox hospital
| Name        = Cancer Institute (W.I.A), Chennai
| Org/Group   = <!-- optional -->
| Image       = <!-- optional -->
| image alt   = <!-- optional -->
| Caption     = <!-- optional -->
| map_type    = 
| latitude    = <!-- used only for adding a map, with map_type -->
| longitude   = <!-- used only for adding a map, with map_type -->
| Logo        = <!-- optional -->
| Logo Size   = <!-- optional -->
| Location    = [[Adyar (Chennai)|Adyar]], [[Chennai]]
| Region      = <!-- e.g. County or City - NB autolinked -->
| State       = Tamil Nadu
| Country     = India
| Coordinates = 
| HealthCare  = <!-- UK:NHS. AU/CA: Medicare. ELSE freetext, eg Private -->
| Funding     = <!-- Non-profit, For-profit, Government, Public -->
| Type        = Specialist<!-- Community, District, General, District General, Teaching, Specialist -->
| Speciality  = [[Cancer]]
| Standards   = <!-- optional if no national standards -->
| Emergency   = <!-- UK/IR/HK/SG: Yes/No, CA/US: I/II/III for Trauma certification level -->
| Affiliation = <!-- 'None' or Medical School and University affiliations (medical or paramedical) -->
| Patron      = <!-- 'None' or the individual who acts as the hospital patron -->
| Network     = <!-- optional -->
| Beds        = 423
| Founded     = 1954
| Closed      = <!-- optional -->
| Website     = http://cancerinstitutewia.org/
| Wiki-Links  = <!-- optional -->
}}

'''Adyar Cancer Institute''' is a [[cancer]] specialty hospital situated in the city of [[Chennai]], [[India]]; founded by Dr. [[Muthulakshmi Reddy]] on June 18, 1954 on the land donated by Mr. S. K. Puniyakoti Mudaliar.

The institute has been rated by the [[World Health Organisation]] (WHO) as the Top Ranking Centre in the country.<ref>{{cite news 
  | last = 
  | first = 
  | coauthors = 
  | title = Make Adyar Cancer institute Centre of Excellence: Jaya to PM 
  | newspaper = Deccan Herald 
  | location = Chennai
  | pages = 
  | language = 
  | publisher = Deccan Herald 
  | date = 22 March 2013 
  | url = http://www.deccanherald.com/content/320732/make-adyar-cancer-institute-centre.html
  | accessdate = 24 Mar 2013}}</ref>

==Several firsts==
The Institute's first break came on December 24, 1956, when Atomic Energy, [[Canada]], gifted a cobalt-60 [[Teletherapy]] unit ([[radiation therapy]] machine). It was the first such unit in [[Asia]].

The Institute has several other firsts to its credit. They include:

*A department of [[nuclear medicine|Nuclear Medical]] [[Oncology]] in 1956;
(contracted; show full)
[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1954]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1954]]
[[Category:Cancer organizations]]
[[Category:Regional Cancer Centres in India]]
[[Category:Hospitals in Chennai]]
[[Category:Cancer hospitals]]
[[Category:1954 establishments in India]]