Difference between revisions 73166692 and 73194512 on enwiki

[[Image:proskynesis.jpg|thumb|right|270px|[[Darius I of Persia|Darius the Great]], the first to bear the title Shahanshah.]]

'''Shāhanshāh''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: شاهنشاه ) is a [[Persia]]n [[Iranian monarchy|monarchial]] title, literally meaning ''[[King of Kings]]''. It is often confused with [[Shah]], a similar title used by Persian rulers, which is translated as ''[[Monarch|king]]''.

==History==
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They can be traced back to the [[Achaemenid dynasty|Achaemenid]] kings of [[Persian Empire|ancient Iran]], who, from [[Darius I]], the Great (521-486 B.C.) onwards, refer to themselves in their inscriptions both as ''xšayaθiya'' "king" (from the root ''xšay-'' "to rule" cognate to Sanskrit ''kśáyati'' "possess" and Greek ''χταομαι'' "acquire") and as ''xšāyaθiya xšāyaθiyānām'(contracted; show full)7;'). In a number of compounds or set phrases ''shāh'' means "pre-eminent, principal", e. g. in ''masdjid-ī shāh'' "congregational mosque" (not "king's mosque"), or ''shāh-rāh'' "principal road, highway". The title found its way into [[Indian subcontinent]], which the ''shāh'' is appended to the names of persons claiming descent from the Prophet and has today become a surname.


[[Image:Peacock_Throne.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The splendourous [[Peacock Throne]] in [[Golestan Palace]], taken from the [[Mughal empire]] by [[Nadir Shah]], became a metaphore for the Shahanshah]]⏎
As for the title ''shāhān shāh'', this naturally fell into disuse with the collapse of the Sasanian empire, but it remained in popular memory in its Neo-Persian form ''shahanshāh'' (the vowels in the first and last syllables can be shortened when required by the metre; modern Western Persian has also the vulgar form shāhinshāh). This is an inseparable compound (from which is derived an adjective shāhanshāhī) and in the context of Neo-Persian it can no longer be analys(contracted; show full)[[ta:ஈரான்]]
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[[zh:萨珊王朝]]