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Soft computing
{{Distinguish|soft microprocessor}}
{{Expert needed|computer science|date=July 2009}}

In [[computer science]], '''soft computing''' (sometimes referred to as [[computational intelligence]], though CI does not have an agreed definition) is the use of inexact solutions to computationally hard tasks such as the solution of [[NP-complete]] problems, for which there is no known algorithm that can compute an exact solution in [[polynomial time]]. Soft computing differs from conventi(contracted; show full)*** [[Perceptron]]
** [[Support Vector Machine]]s (SVM)
* [[Fuzzy logic]] (FL)
* [[Evolutionary computation]] (EC), including:
** [[Evolutionary algorithm]]s
*** [[Genetic algorithm]]s
*** [[Differential evolution]]

*** [[Particle Swarm Optimization]]
*** [[Cuckoo Search Algorithm]]
*** [[Ant Colony Algorithm]]
*** [[Weed Optimization Algorithm]]⏎
** [[Metaheuristic]] and [[Swarm Intelligence]]
*** [[Ant colony optimization]]
*** [[Particle swarm optimization]]
* Ideas about [[probability]] including:
** [[Bayesian network]]

Generally speaking, soft computing techniques resemble biological processes more closely than traditional techniques, which are largely based on formal [[logical system]]s, such as [[sentential logic]] and [[predicate logic]], or rely heavily on computer-aided numerical analysis (as in [[finite element analysis]]). Soft computing techniques are intended to complement each other.

Unlike hard computing schemes, which strive for exactness and full truth, soft computing techniques exploit the given tolerance of imprecision, partial truth, and uncertainty for a particular problem. Another common contrast comes from the observation that [[inductive reasoning]] plays a larger role in soft computing than in hard computing.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.softcomputing.es EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR SOFT COMPUTING]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080106133957/http://www.helsinki.fi/~niskanen/bisc.html BISC SIG IN PHILOSOPHY OF SOFT COMPUTING]
* [https://www.cs.upc.edu/~websoco/ SOCO: UPC Group on Soft Computing Systems]
* http://www.soft-computing.de/def.html
* https://web.archive.org/web/20160310135547/http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2080/1136/1/subudhi.pdf

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[[Category:Scientific modeling]]
[[Category:Artificial intelligence]]
[[Category:Semantic Web]]
[[Category:Soft computing]]