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José Figueres Ferrer
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His sharecroppers could either sell hemp grown on his plantation to him at market price for use in his rope factory, or sell it elsewhere if they were offered a better price.<sup id="fn_3_back">[[#fn 3|3]]</sup>


==Beginning of political career, and two year exile==
Figueres' political career probably began in 1942. Two days after an enemy submarine sunk the ''[[San Pablo]]'' in the port of [[Limón]], the [[United Committee of Anti-Totalitarian Associations]] organized a rally set to meet in the Parque Central, which was to be followed by a parade to the Presidential palace. The theme was vitriolic: "The country is full of traitors... These traitors ought to be smashed by the people without pity or delay. ... Our watchword is this: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth." When no speakers showed up on the day of the rally, the parade began to move toward the Presidential palace. Then, someone broke a window, and for the next six hours a pandemonium of rioting and looting reigned over the city of San José. The government did little to stop the rioting until late in the evening, after which time 76 people had been injured and 123 buildings damaged, including a warehouse belonging to Figueres.

Figueres was upset about the damages, but he was more upset that the government had done nothing to stop it. He took to the airwaves and accused Calderón's government of incompetence. After going on about the shortcomings of the government for some time, the police burst into the radio station and arrested Figueres. Figueres was accused of being a Nazi sympathizer and of giving away military secrets to the enemy. Despite protests and petitions sent to the government to release Figueres, Calderón expelled Figueres from Costa Rica. He thus became famous as the first Costa Rican exile since Tinoco's regime. 

Figueres arrived in Mexico on July 11, 1942 and he decided to seek revenge against Calderón. It was while he was in exile in Mexico that Figueres met and became friends with other exiles from other Central American and Caribbean countries: the same exiles who would later come together to form the [[Caribbean Legion]].   

Figueres spent two years in exile from July 11th,1942 to 1944 in Mexico.  He returned to Costa Rica after [[Teodoro Picado Michalski|Licenciado Teodoro Picado Michalski]] won the presidency in 1944.<sup id="fn_3_back">[[#fn 3|3]], </sup><sup id="fn_8_back">[[#fn 8|8]], </sup><sup id="fn_12_back">[[#fn 12|12]]</sup>

==Return to Costa Rica, the Caribbean Legion, and the Costa Rica Civil War==
''Main article: [[Costa Rica Civil War]]''

When Figueres returned in 1944, he established the Democratic Party, which a year later transformed into the Social-Democratic Party. He blamed and criticized former President [[Rafael Angel Calderon Guardia|Calderon]] and his successor [[Teodoro Picado Michalski|President Picado]] of corruption and embezzlement. 

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