Difference between revisions 942245062 and 943727025 on enwiki

{{Distinguish|soft microprocessor}}

{{Draft}}

{{Multiple issues|
{{Expert needed|computer science|date=July 2009}}
{{Notability|date=August 2019}}
{{Essay-like|date=August 2019}}
(contracted; show full)

Unlike hard computing schemes, which strive for exactness and full truth, soft computing techniques exploit the given tolerance of imprecision, partial truth, and uncertainty for a particular problem. Another common contrast comes from the observation that [[inductive reasoning]] plays a larger role in soft computing than in hard computing.

==
Keypoints==
* fuzzy logic & soft computing
* soft computing: fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithm and propabalistic robotics. Term was introduced in 1991 by Lotfi A Zadeh
* Soft computing = Computational Intelligence
* term was introduced in the 1990s [1]
* application: emotional pet [2], biped walking [3] 
* self-tuning controller [4]
* is a general system theory [5] about anything and nothing

; literature
* [1] Seising, Rudolf, and Marco Elio Tabacchi. "A very brief history of soft computing: Fuzzy Sets, artificial Neural Networks and Evolutionary Computation." 2013 Joint IFSA World Congress and NAFIPS Annual Meeting (IFSA/NAFIPS). IEEE, 2013.
* [2] Dote, Yasuhiko, and Seppo J. Ovaska. "Industrial applications of soft computing: a review." Proceedings of the IEEE 89.9 (2001): 1243-1265.
* [3] Zhou, Changjiu. "Neuro-fuzzy gait synthesis with reinforcement learning for a biped walking robot." Soft Computing 4.4 (2000): 238-250.
* [4] Karray, Fakhri, Wail Gueaieb, and Salah Al-Sharhan. "The hierarchical expert tuning of PID controllers using tools of soft computing." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics) 32.1 (2002): 77-90.
* [5] Seising, Rudolf. "What is Soft Computing?–Bridging Gaps for 21st Century Science!." International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems 3.2 (2010): 160-175.Overview==
* opposition is "hard computing"
* is part of Computational Semiotics [6]
* is related to cybernetics 
* “Hard science” is dominated by mathematical precision [9], “hard science” has to do with psychology and humanities
* exact models are numerical, approximate models are imprecise [10]
* is a general system theory [5] about anything and nothing
* Cognitive processes are analyzed with Computational Semiotics [8] 

==Keypoints==
[[File:Soft Computing pic.jpg|thumb|Soft Computing pic]]
* fuzzy logic & soft computing
* soft computing: fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithm and probabilistic robotics. 
* Soft computing = Computational Intelligence
* term was introduced in the 1990s [1], Term was introduced in 1991 by Lotfi A Zadeh
* application: emotional pet [2], biped walking [3], self-tuning controller [4]
* can be implemented in hardware, for example with the Neuron MOS Transistor [7]
* can be reduced to neural networks -> no it's wrong because neural network are numerical models
* machine learning is oriented on statistics, while soft computing is focussed on linugistics and fuzzy logic
* "soft computing" vs "artificial intelligence": shared similarity are neural networks

; literature
* [1] Seising, Rudolf, and Marco Elio Tabacchi. "A very brief history of soft computing: Fuzzy Sets, artificial Neural Networks and Evolutionary Computation." 2013 Joint IFSA World Congress and NAFIPS Annual Meeting (IFSA/NAFIPS). IEEE, 2013.
* [2] Dote, Yasuhiko, and Seppo J. Ovaska. "Industrial applications of soft computing: a review." Proceedings of the IEEE 89.9 (2001): 1243-1265.
* [3] Zhou, Changjiu. "Neuro-fuzzy gait synthesis with reinforcement learning for a biped walking robot." Soft Computing 4.4 (2000): 238-250.
* [4] Karray, Fakhri, Wail Gueaieb, and Salah Al-Sharhan. "The hierarchical expert tuning of PID controllers using tools of soft computing." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics) 32.1 (2002): 77-90.
* [5] Seising, Rudolf. "What is Soft Computing?–Bridging Gaps for 21st Century Science!." International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems 3.2 (2010): 160-175.
* [6] Gudwin, Ricardo R. "From semiotics to computational semiotics." Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of the German Society for Semiotic Studies, 7th International Congress of the International Association for Semiotic Studies (IASS/AIS). 1999.
* [7] Shibata, Tadashi, Masakazu Yagi, and Masayoshi Adachi. "Soft-computing integrated circuits for intelligent information processing." Proceedings of The Second International Conference on Information Fusion. Vol. 1. 1999.
* [8] Rieger, B. "Computing Fuzzy Semantic Granules from Natural Language Texts." Proc. 7th IPMU Conf.. 1998.
* [9] Seising, Rudolf, and Veronica Sanz. "From hard science and computing to soft science and computing–an introductory survey." Soft computing in humanities and social sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012. 3-36.
* [10] Ibrahim, Dogan. "An overview of soft computing." Procedia Computer Science 102 (2016): 34-38.

===Remove from text===
* section components: bullet points with links to other articles doesn't contains valuable information
* section external links: URL to external websites are not referenced in the text -> can be deleted
* remaining sections written in natural language can be aggregated into a single section

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.softcomputing.es EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR SOFT COMPUTING]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080106133957/http://www.helsinki.fi/~niskanen/bisc.html BISC SIG IN PHILOSOPHY OF SOFT COMPUTING]
* [https://www.cs.upc.edu/~websoco/ SOCO: UPC Group on Soft Computing Systems]
* http://www.soft-computing.de/def.html
* https://web.archive.org/web/20160310135547/http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2080/1136/1/subudhi.pdf

{{Authority control}}

<!-- [[Category:Scientific modeling]]
[[Category:Artificial intelligence]]
[[Category:Semantic Web]]
[[Category:Soft computing]]
 -->