Difference between revisions 966790806 and 966855515 on enwiki

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| source=Kirankumar, T. M., and M. A. Jayaram. "Natural Computing in Spatial Information Systems." 2nd National Conference on Challenges & Opportunities in Information Technology (COIT-2008) RIMT-IET, Mandi Gobindgarh. March. Vol. 29. 2008.
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{{Quote
|text=quote: "Soft computing deals with imprecision, uncertainty, partial truth, and approximation to achieve computability, robustness and low solution cost."
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| source=Gupta, Puja, and Neha Kulkarni. ": <ref name="gupta2013">{{cite journal |title=An Introduction of Soft Computing Approach over Hard Computing."  |author=Gupta, Puja and Kulkarni, Neha |journal=International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET) 3.1 (2013): |volume=3 |number=1 |pages=254--258. |year=2013 }}</ref>
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As such it forms the basis of a considerable amount of [[machine learning]] techniques. Recent trends tend to involve evolutionary and swarm intelligence based algorithms and [[bio-inspired computation]].{{sfn|Yang|2013}}{{sfn|Chaturvedi|2008}}

{{Quote
|text=quote: "Generally speaking, soft computing techniques resemble biological processes more closely than traditional techniques, which are largely based on formal logical systems, such as sentential logic and predicate logic, or rely heavily on computer-aided numerical analysis (as in finite element analysis). Soft computing techniques are intended to complement each other."⏎
| source=Gupta, Puja, and Neha Kulkarni. "An Introduction of Soft Computing Approach over Hard Computing." International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET) 3.1 (2013): 254-258.: <ref name="gupta2013" />
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{{Quote
|text=quote: "hard computing schemes, which strive for exactness and formal proof, soft computing techniques exploit the given tolerance of imprecision, partial truth, and uncertainty for a particular problem. Another common contrast comes from the observation that inductive reasoning plays a larger role in soft computing than in hard computing." ⏎
| source=Gupta, Puja, and Neha Kulkarni. "An Introduction of Soft Computing Approach over Hard Computing." International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET) 3.1 (2013): 254-258.: <ref name="gupta2013" />
}}

Research in soft computing have demonstrated some practical examples,{{sfn|Zhou|2000|pp=238-250}}{{sfn|Karray|2002}} such as Neuron [[MOS transistor]]s {{sfn|Shibata|1999|pp=648-656}} and emotional pets.{{sfn|Dote|2001}}

(contracted; show full)al=International Journal of Semantic Computing |volume=4 |number=03 |pages=331--356 |year=2010 |publisher=World Scientific }}</ref> The discipline of granular computing<ref>{{cite conference |title=The roots of granular computing |author=Bargiela, Andrzej and Pedrycz, Witold |conference=2006 IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing |pages=806--809 |year=2006 |publisher=IEEE }}</ref> is equal to soft computing and can be interpreted as the opposite to classical hard computing.


==Definition of the term==

Overview articles and surveys are created to analyze a subject from a broader perspective. Many overview articles about soft computing are available. They are trying to define the term and give a historic timeline. The first important thing to know is, that it is complicated to define soft computing, because the definition has evolved from 1990 to 2020 over many steps.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/18756891.2010.9727694 |year=2010 |publisher=Atlantis Press |volume=3 |number=2 |pages=237--248 |author=Piero P. Bonissone |title=Soft Computing: A Continuously Evolving Concept |journal=International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems }}</ref>

Most authors agree that soft computing describes a family of techniques. This is equal to a hybrid system. It includes elements of imprecision, learning and evolutionary computation.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.2991/ijcis.2010.3.2.7 |year=2010 |publisher=Atlantis Press |volume=3 |number=2 |pages=197 |author=Enric Trillas and Claudio Moraga and Sergio Guadarrama |title=A (naive) glance at Soft Computing |journal=International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems }}</ref> A term which describes the same situation is Computational Intelligence.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/18756891.2010.9727686 |year=2010 |publisher=Atlantis Press |volume=3 |number=2 |pages=148--159 |author=L. Magdalena |title=What is Soft Computing? Revisiting Possible Answers |journal=International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems }}</ref>⏎
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==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last1=Samir |first1=Rov |last2=Chakraborty |first2=Udit |title=Introduction to soft computing : neuro-fuzzy and genetic algorithms |date=3 June 2013 |publisher=Pearson |isbn=978-8131792469  }}
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* {{cite journal |last1=Zadeh |first1=Lotfi A. |url=https://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA15061349&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=00010782&p=AONE&sw=w |title=Fuzzy Logic, Neural Networks, and Soft Computing| journal= Communications of the ACM|date=March 1994 |volume=37 |number=3| pages =77-84 }}

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[[:Category:Scientific modeling]]
[[:Category:Artificial intelligence]]
[[:Category:Semantic Web]]
[[:Category:Soft computing]]