Difference between revisions 979189205 and 979556109 on enwiki

{{Pp-semi-indef}}
{{Short description|American technology company}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Redirect|Apple (company)|other companies|Apple (disambiguation)#Businesses and organisations}}
{{Coord|37.3349|-122.0090|type:landmark_region:US-CA|display=title}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Apple Inc.
(contracted; show full)ompany to be valued at over $1&nbsp;trillion<ref name="1t-CNBC" /><ref name="1t-Guardian" /> and just two years later in August 2020 became the first $2 trillion U.S. company.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-53840471|title=Apple first US company to be valued at $2tn|work=BBC News|date=August 19, 2020|accessdate=August 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Nicas |first1=Jack |title=Apple Reaches $2 Trillion, Punctuating Big Tech
’'s Grip |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/19/technology/apple-2-trillion.html |accessdate=21 August 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=19 August 2020}}</ref> The company employs 137,000 full-time employees<ref name="Apple-Inc-Nov-2017-10-K">{{Cite web |url= https://d18rn0p25nwr6d.cloudfront.net/CIK-0000320193/1a919118-a594-44f3-92f0-4ecca47b1a7d.pdf |title=Apple Inc, Form 10-K, Annual Report, Filing Date January 28, 2020 |publisher=secdatabase.com |access-date= January 28, 2020}}<(contracted; show full)/2000/features000302.htm Apple's ''Other'' Steve (Stock Research)] {{Webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20061019134707/http://www.fool.com/research/2000/features000302.htm |date= October 19, 2006}} March 2, 2000, [[The Motley Fool]].</ref> Wozniak continues to represent the company at events or in interviews,<ref name="wozemployee" /> receiving a stipend estimated to be $120,000 per year for this role.<ref name="iWoz">{{Cite book|last
1=Wozniak|first1=Steve|authorlink= Steve Wozniak|last2=Smith|first2=Gina|author2link= Gina Smith (author)|year=2006|title=iWoz: Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It|publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]|isbn=978-0-393-06143-7|oclc= 502898652|title-link=iWoz: Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It}}</ref>

(contracted; show full)m/news/internet/itunes-hits-5-billion-downloads-397997 |website=[[TechRadar]] |publisher=[[Future plc]] |date=June 19, 2008 |access-date=May 24, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first=Jon |last=Skillings |title= Apple's iTunes hits 5 billion mark |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/apples-itunes-hits-5-billion-mark/ |website=[[CNET]] |date=June 19, 2008 |access-date=May 24, 2017}}</ref> Two years later, the iTunes Store was the world's largest music retailer.<ref>{{Cite news |first
1=Brandon |last1=Griggs |first2=Todd |last2=Leopold |title=How iTunes changed music, and the world |url= http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/26/tech/web/itunes-10th-anniversary/ |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=April 26, 2013 |access-date=May 24, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first=Charles |last=Arthur |title=iTunes is 10 years old today. Was it the best idea Apple ever had? |url= https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/apr/28/itunes-10-years-old-best-idea-apple-ever-had |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=April 28, 2013 |ac(contracted; show full)fle 2010 (2GB) review |url= https://www.cnet.com/reviews/apple-ipod-shuffle-2010-2gb-review/ |website=[[CNet]] |date= September 7, 2010 |access-date= April 4, 2019}}</ref> It also introduced the smaller, cheaper second generation Apple TV which allowed renting of movies and shows.<ref name="yahoo1">{{Cite news |url= https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100901/ap_on_hi_te/us_tec_apple |title= Apple unveils new TV box for renting movies, shows |work=[[Yahoo! News]] |publisher=[[Yahoo!]] |first
1= Jessica |last1= Mintz |first2= Jordan |last2= Robertson |access-date= September 2, 2010 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100902211653/https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100901/ap_on_hi_te/us_tec_apple |archivedate= September 2, 2010}}</ref>

(contracted; show full)teve Jobs resigns |url= http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2011/08/24/fallen-apple-steve-jobs-resigns/ |work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110926040400/http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2011/08/24/fallen-apple-steve-jobs-resigns/ |url-status=dead |archivedate= September 26, 2011 |access-date= August 24, 2011 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> He was replaced by Cook and Jobs became Apple's chairman. Apple did not have a chairman at the time<ref>{{Cite news|last
1=Olivarez-Giles|first1=Nathan|url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2011/08/steve-jobs-apple-chairman.html|title=What does Steve Jobs' chairman role mean for Apple?|date=August 24, 2011|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=April 11, 2020|url-status=live|last2=Suh Lauder|first2=Thomas}}</ref> and instead had two co-lead directors, [[Andrea Jung]] and [[Arthur D. Levinson]],<ref>{{Cite news|last=Foresman|first=Chris|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2011/11/genetechs-levinson-now-apple-chairman-disneys-i(contracted; show full) Apple invested $1 billion in [[DiDi]], the largest [[vehicle for hire]] company in China.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-apple-china-idUSKCN0Y404W |title= Apple invests $1 billion in Chinese ride-hailing service Didi Chuxing |work=[[Reuters]] |date=May 13, 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/13/technology/apple-puts-1-billion-in-didi-a-rival-to-uber-in-china.html |title= Apple Puts $1 Billion in Didi, a Rival to Uber in China |last
1= Isaac |first1= Mike |date= May 12, 2016 |last2= Goel |first2= Vindu |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] | issn= 0362-4331 |access-date= May 13, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/apple-invests-1-billion-in-didi-ubers-rival-in-china-1463106590 |title=Apple Invests $1 Billion in Didi, Uber's Rival in China |last1=Carew |first1=Rick |date= May 13, 2016 |last2=Wakabayashi |first2= Daisuke |newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |issn=0099-9660 |access-date= May 13, 2016 |url-access= subscription}}</ref> ''[[The Information (company)|The Information]]'' reported in October 2016 that Apple had taken a board seat in Didi Chuxing,<ref>{{Cite news |first1= Amir |last1= Efrati |first2= Alfred |last2= Lee |title= Apple Took Board Seat at Didi Chuxing |url= https://www.theinformation.com/apple-took-board-sea(contracted; show full)any. There is plenty of evidence to show that a company can easily fail if they do not keep track of how the brand changes with the [[media culture]]. Semiotic research can be used to help a company relate to their customer’s culture over time and help their brand to stand out in competitive markets.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Oswald |first1=L. |title=The structural semiotics paradigm for marketing research: theory, methodology, and case analysis. |journal=Semiotica |date=2015 |volume=2015 |issue=205 
|pages=115–148 |doi= 10.1515/sem-2015-0005|s2cid=53117665 }}</ref>

The first two Apple logos are drastically different from each other. However, they both share the sign of an apple. In the original logo designed by [[Ronald Wayne]], [[Sir Isaac Newton]] is seen sitting under the infamous apple tree about to bear fruit above, just before his discovery of gravity. Analysis of the [[semiotics]] with Saussure's model yields the signified, or sign, of the apple. The signifier represents discovery, innovation, and the notion of thought.<ref name=SlideSha(contracted; show full)

=== Home page ===
The Apple website [[home page]] has been used to commemorate, or pay tribute to, milestones and events outside of Apple's product offerings, including:
* 2020: [[John Lewis]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 19, 2020|title=Apple|url=
http://apple.com/|access-date=July 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719001643/http://apple.com/|accessrchive-date=July 19, 2020|website=web.archive.org}}</ref>
* 2020: [[International Women's Day]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/apple-dedicates-its-homepage-to-international-womens-day/|title=Apple dedicates its homepage to International Women's Day|last=Musil|first=Steven|website=CNET|language=en|access-date=March 9, 2020}}</ref>
(contracted; show full)azine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]}}</ref> After a high suicide rate in a Foxconn facility in China making iPads and iPhones, albeit a lower rate than that of China as a whole,<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.economist.com/node/16231588 |title=Suicides at Foxconn: Light and death |work=[[The Economist]] |date=May 27, 2010 |access-date= April 24, 2012}}</ref> workers were forced to sign a legally binding document guaranteeing that they would not kill themselves.<ref>{{Cite book |last
1=Žižek|first1=Slavoj|last2=Horvat|first2=Srećko|date=2014|title=What Does Europe Want?: The Union and Its Discontents|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5DdOBQAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PP22|location= |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |page=xxi |isbn=978-0231171076}}</ref> Workers in factories producing Apple products have also been exposed to n-[[hexane]], a [[neurotoxin]] that is a cheaper alternative than alcohol for cleaning the products.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/10/26/304802(contracted; show full)

On July 15, 2020, the EU General Court annuls the European Commission’s decision in Apple State aid case: Apple will not have to repay €13 billion to Ireland.<ref>{{Cite news | language=fr | url=https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2020/07/15/la-justice-europeenne-annule-la-decision-sommant-apple-de-rembourser-13-milliards-d-euros-a-l-irlande_6046257_3234.html| title=Apple ne devra pas rembourser 13 milliards d
’'euros à l’'Irlande, a conclu la justice européenne| date=July 15, 2020| newspaper=Le Monde}}</ref>

=== Board of directors ===
{{Category see also|Directors of Apple Inc.}}
(contracted; show full)

Apple has faced scrutiny for its tax practices, including using a [[Double Irish arrangement|Double Irish Arrangement]] to reduce the amount of taxes it pays.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/29/business/apples-tax-strategy-aims-at-low-tax-states-and-nations.html|title=Apple's Tax Strategy Aims at Low-Tax States and Nations|last
1=Duhigg|first1=Charles|date=April 28, 2012|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=December 28, 2018|last2=Kocieniewski|first2=David|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A 2013 US Senate report claimed that Apple had not paid corporate taxes for five years due to its deals with the Irish government.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/id/100751799 |title=Senate Probe Finds Apple Used Unusual Tax Structure to Avoid Taxes |date=May 20, 2013 |publisher=[[CNBC]] |access-date=December 28, 2018}}</ref> (contracted; show full)
* {{Cite web |url=http://apple2history.org/appendix/ahb/ahb2/ |title=Apple II history |access-date=August 18, 2008}}
* {{Cite web |url=http://www.oazoo.com |title=Apple III history |access-date=August 5, 2006}}
* {{Cite web |url=http://www.macrumors.com/2012/10/31/apples-2012-annual-report-more-employees-more-office-space-more-sales |title=Apple's 2012 Annual Report: More Employees, More Office Space, More Sales}}
{{Refend}}

== Further reading ==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|authorlink=Gil Amelio|first
1=Gil|last1=Amelio|first2=William L.|last2=Simon|year=1999|title=On the Firing Line: My 500 Days at Apple|isbn=978-0-88730-919-9|oclc=41424094|url=https://archive.org/details/onfiringlinemy5000gila}}
* {{Cite book|first=Jim|last=Carlton|title=Apple: The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania and Business Blunders|isbn=978-0-88730-965-6 |date= October 21, 1998|oclc=1068545200}}
(contracted; show full)
* {{Cite book | first1=John | last1=Sculley | first2=John A. | author-link1=John Sculley | last2=Byrne | title=Odyssey: Pepsi to Apple ... A journey of adventure, ideas and the future | publisher=Diane Pub Co | isbn=978-0-7881-6949-6 | oclc=947796756 | date=1990 | orig-year=October 1, 1987}}
* {{Cite book |authorlink= Steve Wozniak |first
1= Steve |last1= Wozniak |first2= Gina |last2= Smith |author2link= Gina Smith (author) |year= 2006 |title=iWoz: From Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |isbn= 978-0-393-06143-7 |oclc= 502898652 |title-link= iWoz: From Computer Geek to Cult Icon: How I Invented the Personal Computer, Co-Founded Apple, and Had Fun Doing It}}
* {{Cite book|first=Jeffrey S.|last=Young|year=1988|title=Steve Jobs, The Journey is the Reward|publisher=Lynx Books|isbn=978-1-55802-378-9 |oclc=502695173}}
* {{Cite book|first1=Jeffrey S.|last1=Young|first2=William L.|last2=Simon|year=2005|title=iCon Steve Jobs: The Greatest Second Act in the History of Business|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|isbn=978-0-471-72083-6|oclc=487439489|url=https://archive.org/details/iconstevejobsgre00jeff}}
* {{Cite book |ref={{SfnRef|O'Grady|2009}}|first=Jason D. |last=O'Grady |year=2009 |title=Apple Inc. |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-36244-6}}
{{Refend}}

== External links ==
{{Sister project links|voy=Cupertino}}
* {{Official website}}
(contracted; show full)[[Category:Portable audio player manufacturers]]
[[Category:Retail companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Software companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area]]
[[Category:Software companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:Steve Jobs]]
[[Category:Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:Technology companies of the United States]]