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Revision 315396 of "Gran_Telescopio_Canarias" on enwiki''This temporary page is being used to expand and convert the article [[United Kingdom]] over to the new format agreed to at [[WikiProject Countries]]. Please feel free to add or edit anything on this page to help in the conversion process.'' <hr noshade size="2"> Click here to listen to official [[Media:UKoffname.mp3|Name]] (English) The '''United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland''' comprises [[Great Britain]] ([[England]], [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]]) and [[Northern Ireland]], along with a number of [[Dependent territories of the United Kingdom|overseas territories]]. The United Kingdom (UK) is situated just off the north-western coast of mainland [[Europe]], surrounded by the [[North Sea]], the [[English Channel]] and the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. It is a member of the [[European Union]] and [[NATO]], and a permanent member of the [[UN Security Council]]. <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right"> <caption><font size="+1">'''United Kingdom of Great <br>Britain and Northern Ireland'''</font></caption> <tr><td style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan=2> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr><td align="center" width="140px">[[Image:uk_flag_medium.png]]</td> <td align="center" width="140px"> coat of arms here</td></tr> <tr><td align="center" width="140px"><font size="-1">([[Flag of the United Kingdom|In Detail]]) </font></td> <td align="center" width="140px"><font size="-1"> (link to full size) </font></td></tr> </table></td></tr> <tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font size="-1">''National [[motto]]: ???''</font></td></tr> <tr><td>Official [[language]]:</td><td>[[English language|English]]</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Capital|Capital city]]:</td><td>[[London]]</td></tr> <tr><td>Land area:</td><td>244,101 km²</td></tr> <tr><td>Inhabitants:</td><td>59,648,000 ([[2001]])</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Density|Population density]]:</td><td>244/km²</td></tr> <tr><td>[[List of British monarchs|Monarch]]</td><td>Queen [[Elizabeth II]]</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Prime Minister]]</td><td>[[Tony Blair]]</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Currency]]:</td><td>[[Pound]] Sterling (£)</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Time zone]]:</td><td>[[UTC]]+0 ([[GMT]])</td></tr> <tr><td>[[National anthem]]:</td><td>[[God Save the Queen]]</td></tr> <tr><td>[[Top-level domain|Internet TLD]]</td><td>.UK / .GB</td></tr> </table> === History === ''Main article: [[History of the United Kingdom]]'' [[Great Britain]], the dominant industrial and maritime power of the 19th century, played a leading role in developing parliamentary [[democracy]] and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith, the [[British Empire]] stretched over one quarter of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two World Wars. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. The UK is currently weighing the degree of its integration with continental [[Europe]]. A member of the [[EU]], it has chosen to remain outside of the [[Euro]] for the time being. Constitutional reform is also a significant issue in the UK. Regional assemblies with varying degrees of power opened in [[Scotland]], [[Wales]], and [[Northern Ireland]] in [[1999]]. See also: [[British Monarchs|Monarchs]]; [[history of Britain]]; [[history of England]]; [[Ireland/History|history of Ireland]]; [[history of Scotland]]; [[history of Wales]]. === Politics === ''Main article: [[Politics of the United Kingdom]]'' The United Kingdom uses a form of [[democracy]] known as a [[constitutional monarchy]] and is governed from its [[capital]], [[London]]. The UK's head of state is Queen [[Elizabeth II]] who was crowned in [[1953]], although her role is mainly ceremonial. (See [[United_Kingdom/Government|/Government]]; ''see also:'' [[Law of the United Kingdom]].) === Countries, Regions, Counties, Areas and Districts === The Kingdom is divided into the four countries [[England]], [[Scotland]], [[Wales]] and [[Northern Ireland]]. The [[Westminster Parliament]] has overall responsibility for the whole Kingdom, but each of the countries apart from [[England]] has its own governmental body responsible for in varying degree for internal matters. [[England]] is divided into nine [[Regions of England|Government Office Regions]] - [[North East England|North East]], [[North West England|North West]], [[Yorkshire and the Humber]], [[East Midlands England|East Midlands]], [[West Midlands England|West Midlands]], [[Eastern England|Eastern]], [[London]], [[South East England|South East]], [[South West England|South West]]. Each Region is made up of [[Counties of England|Counties]] and/or [[Metropolitan Counties of England|Metropolitan Counties]], apart from [[London]] which consists only of [[Greater London]]. [[Scotland]] is divided into 32 [[Council Areas of Scotland|Council Areas]]. [[Wales]] is divided into 22 [[Unitary Authorities of Wales|Unitary Authorities]]. ''Other articles:'' [[Cities of the United Kingdom]], [[Local government in England]] '''Wales''': * [[Clwyd]] * [[Dyfed]] * [[Mid Glamorgan]] * [[South Glamorgan]] * [[West Glamorgan]] * [[Gwent]] * [[Gwynedd]] * [[Powys]] '''Northern Ireland''': *[[Antrim]] *[[Armagh]] *[[Down]] *[[Fermanagh]] *[[Londonderry]] *[[Tyrone]] The [[Isle of Man]] and [[Channel Islands]] are not legally part of the United Kingdom; they are British crown dependencies, though the United Kingdom is responsible for their external affairs. The United Kingdom also has many [[United Kingdom/Dependent territories|dependent territories]] throughout the world, which are legally part of the UK. === Geography === ''Main article: [[Geography of the United Kingdom]]'' === Economy === ''Main article: [[Economy of the United Kingdom]]'' The United Kingdom, a leading trading power and financial center, deploys an essentially capitalistic economy, one of the largest of [[Western Europe]]. Over the past two decades the government has greatly reduced public ownership and contained the growth of [[social welfare]] programs. [[Agriculture]] is intensive, highly mechanised, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with only 1% of the labor force. The UK has large [[coal]], [[natural gas]], and [[oil]] reserves; primary energy production accounts for 10% of [[GDP]], one of the highest shares of any industrial nation. Services, particularly [[banking]], [[insurance]], and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of GDP while industry continues to decline in importance. The Blair government has put off the question of participation in the [[euro]] system, often citing five tests that would need to be met before such a thing were possible. === Demographics === ''Main article: [[Demographics of the United Kingdom]]'' The primary language spoken is [[English language|English]]. Other languages include [[Welsh language|Welsh]], [[Scots Gaelic|Gaelic]] and various [[Scots|Scottish dialects]]. Recent immigrants from elsewhere in [[the Commonwealth]] speak other languages, including [[Urdu]]. === Culture === ''Main article: [[Culture of the United Kingdom]]'' *[[film history/United Kingdom|British film]] <TABLE border="1" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <CAPTION><font size="+1">'''Holidays'''</font></caption> <TR><TH style="background:#efefef;">Date</TH><TH style="background:#efefef;">Name</TH> <TR><TD>[[January 1|1 January]]<TD>[[New Year's Day]] <TR><TD>The Friday before [[Easter Sunday]]<TD>[[Good Friday]] <TR><TD>Varies<TD>[[Easter Sunday]] <TR><TD>The day after [[Easter Sunday]]<TD>[[Easter Monday]] <TR><TD>First Monday in May<TD>[[May Day]] [[Bank Holiday]] <TR><TD>Varies - End of May/Beginning of June<TD>[[Spring]] [[Bank Holiday]] <TR><TD>Last Monday in August<TD>[[Summer]] [[Bank Holiday]] <TR><TD>[[December 25|25 December]]<TD>[[Christmas Day]] <TR><TD>[[December 26|26 December]]<TD>[[Boxing Day]] <TR><TD>[[March 17|17 March]]<TD>[[St Patrick's Day]] ([[Northern Ireland]] only) <TR><TD>[[July 12|12 July]]<TD>[[Battle of the Boyne]] - [[Orangemen's Day]] ([[Northern Ireland]] only) <TR><TD> </TABLE> === Miscellaneous topics === * [[United_Kingdom/History|History]] * [[United_Kingdom/Geography|Geography]] * [[United_Kingdom/Climate|Climate]] * [[United_Kingdom/People|People]] * [[United_Kingdom/Government|Government]] * [[United_Kingdom/Economy|Economy]] * [[United_Kingdom/Coins|Coins]] * [[United_Kingdom/Communications|Communications]] * [[United_Kingdom/Transportation|Transportation]] * [[United_Kingdom/Military|Military]] * [[United_Kingdom/Transnational issues|Transnational issues]] * [[United_Kingdom/Dependent territories|Dependent Territories]] === External links === * [http://www.parliament.uk/ The United Kingdom Parliament] - Site of the Houses of Parliament * [http://www.number-10.gov.uk Number 10 Downing Street] - Site of Prime Ministerial residence, including many government links * [http://www.ukonline.gov.uk UKonline.gov.uk] - Gateway to UK governmental services and websites * [http://www.royal.gov.uk The British Monarchy] - Official site <hr align="center" noshade size="4" width="100%"> '''[[European Union]]:'''<br> ''[[Austria]]'' | ''[[Belgium]]'' | ''[[Denmark]]'' | ''[[Finland]]'' | ''[[France]]'' | ''[[Germany]]'' | ''[[Greece]]'' | ''[[Ireland]]'' | ''[[Italy]]'' | ''[[Luxembourg]]'' | ''[[Netherlands]]'' | ''[[Portugal]]'' | ''[[Spain]]'' | ''[[Sweden]]'' <hr align="center" noshade size="2" width="50%"> <center>[[Countries of the world]] | [[Europe]]</center> All content in the above text box is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license Version 4 and was originally sourced from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=315396.
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