Fundamentalism is adherence to principle up to and including confrontation. Some belief or value systems, e.g. Taoism, reject contention on principle, and thus have no Fundamentalism, only a form of ascetic Extremism. However, most allow for some form of at least non-violent confrontation of opponents. Realism is of course debatable: what is "real"? But in practice not everything is debated: consensus guides most transactions between humans.
Conflicts of fundamentalism versus realism are rampant in political and social and religious movements. They are typically resolved by a clear focus on 1. what already exists and will continue 2. acceptance of some limits on the groups' effectiveness and some willing to accept compromise or defeat 3. strict adherence to consensus (not unanimous or plurality) process of deciding what to do. Other methods encourage factions or blocks on principle.
Movements characterized by conflicts of fundamentalism versus realism include the global Greens (especially in Green Parties), global socialists/communists, feminism, and of course Judaism, Christianity and Islam. These tend to have transcendental goals including cessation of deep inter-human conflicts, which according to biology is very likely impossible, as all species compete most vigorously with other members of the same species.
For example, the ongoing [[Arab-Israeli]] conflict is believed by biologists to be the result of competition for food and mates.
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