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Revision 434210 of "List of common phrases in various languages" on enwikiIt is possible for [[tourism|tourists]] in a country whose language they do not understand to get along with a surprisingly short list of phrases, combined with pointing, miming, and writing down numbers on paper.
Here is such a list of '''common phrases in different languages.'''
You are invited to add more languages to the list. Please use the minimum number of words that would be understandable and put the pronunciation in slashes according to [[SAMPA]] transcription if possible. If desired, also add a pseudo-English pronunciation guide for those not familiar with SAMPA or [[international phonetic alphabet|IPA]]. However, actual pronunciations of the pseudo-English spellings will vary wildly from speaker to speaker. Enclose the "spelling guide" in parentheses, separate syllables with dashes, use English words that sound like the syllables if possible, and render the stressed syllable in ALL CAPS.
The [[language families and languages|language family]] of every language is listed in parentheses.
See also http://www.elite.net/~runner/jennifers/language.htm
As a sample, here's English, according to standard British [[Received Pronunciation]], followed by [[American English/Standard American English]]:
=== [[English language|English]] ([[germanic languages|Germanic]]) ===
*English: ''English'' /"iN lIS/, /IN glIS/
*hello: ''hello'' /"hE l@U/, /hE low/
*good-bye: ''good-bye'' /'gUd "baI/, /gUd baj/
*please: ''please'' /pli:z/, /pliz/
*thank you: ''thank you'' /"T{Nk ju:/, /T&Nk ju/
*that one: ''that one'' /"D{t wVn/, /D&t wVn/
*how much?: ''how much'' /haU "mVtS/, /haw mVtS/
*yes: ''yes'' /jEs/, /jEs/
*no: ''no'' /n@u/, /now/
*sorry: ''sorry'' /'sOri/
*I don't understand: ''I don't understand'' /aI'd@Unt Vnd@:s't{nd/
*where's the bathroom?: ''where's the bathroom?'' /wE@z D@ "bA:T rUm/, /wErz D@ b&T rum/
*generic toast: ''bottoms up!'' /'bA t@mz "Vp/, /bA t@mz Vp/
*Do you speak English? /du: ju: spi:k "IN gliS/, /du ju spik IN glIS/
=== [[Arabic language|Arabic]] ([[semitic languages|Semitic]]) ===
''Note that this is relevant only to Classical Arabic; since these are commonplace words, they're often changed in local dialects, meaning most Arabs, even educated ones, will have difficulty understanding these in common usage.''
Pronunciation guide: Stress in Arabic is most often on the penult syllable (i.e. one preceding the last). For the SAMPA transcriptions, /h/ is a glottal fricative; /h./ represents a voiceless pharyngeal fricative; /‘/ represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative; /’/ represents a glottal stop, and /:/ represents lengthening of the preceding phoneme. These are represented as double letters in the "spelling guide", and should be emphasized; the other spellings should be apparent from comparison with the SAMPA transcription.
*Arabic: العربيّة /al ‘a ra bi y:a/ (ahl 'a ruh bee ya)
*hello: مرحبًا /mar h.a ban/ (mer hhuh bun)
*good-bye: إلى اللّقاء /i la l:i qa/ (ila-lliqa)
*please: من فضلك
*thank you: شكرًا /Su kran/ (shook run)
*that one: ذلك
*how much?: كمّ؟ /kam:/ (kamm)
*English: الإنجليزيّة /al in gli: zi y:a/ (al-ingleeziyya)
*yes: نعم /na ‘am/ (na 'am)
*no: لا /la:/ (laa)
*Where's the bathroom?: أين الحمّام؟ /a ’i nal h.a m:am/ (a'ina-l-hammam?, a ee null hhum mum?)
''note: these were snagged off of [http://tarjim.ajeeb.com/ajeeb/default.asp?lang=1 Ajeeb.com]'s Web translator, with SAMPA and spelling guide renderings a best-guess only.''
=== [[Euskara|Basque]] ===
*Basque: ''Euskara''
*hello: ''kaixo''
*good-bye: ''agur''
*please: ''mesedez''
*thank you: ''Eskerrik asko''
*that one: ''hori''
*how much?: ''zenbat''
*English: ''ingelesa''
*yes: ''bai''
*no: ''ez''
*generic toast:
=== [[Catalan language|Catalan]] ([[Romance languages|Romance]]) ===
*Catalan: ''Català'' /k@t@'lA/
*hello: ''hola'' /'Ol@/
*good-bye: ''adéu'' /@'DEw/
*please: ''si us plau'' /sis'plAw/
*thank you: ''gràcies'' /'grAsi@s/; ''merci'' /'mErsi/
*sorry: ''perdó'' /p@r'Do/
*that one: ''aquest'' /@'kEt/ (masc.); ''aquesta'' /@'kEst@/ (fem.)
*how much?: ''quant val?'' /'kwAm'bAl/; ''quant és?'' /'kwAn'tes/
*yes: ''sí'' /'si/
*no: ''no'' /'no/
*sorry: ''perdó'' /p@r'Do/
*I don't understand: ''No ho entenc'' /'no w@n'teN/
*where's the bathroom?: ''on és el bany?'' /'on'ez@l'BaJ/; ''on és el lavabo?'' /'on'ez@l'l@'BABu/
*generic toast: ''salut!'' /s@'lut/;
*Do you speak English?: ''Que parla anglès?'' /k@ 'parl@ @n'glEs/
*Do you speak Catalan?: ''Que parla català?'' /k@ 'parl@ k@t@'lA/
=== [[Mandarin|Chinese, Mandarin]] ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]) ===
''Note: tone 1 is high and level; 2 is rising; 3 is dipping; 4 is falling. A dot following SAMPA palatals indicates a retroflexed phoneme.''
*Mandarin Chinese: 普通话 (''pu3-tong1-hua4'') /p<font size=-1><sup>h</sup></font>u t<font size=-1><sup>h</sup></font>ON hwa/ (poo-tongue-hwa) or 国语 (''guo2 yu3'')
*hello: 你好 (''ni3-hao3'') /ni haw/ (knee-how)
*good-bye: 再见 (''zai4-jian4'') /tsaj cian/ (T'SIgh-JEn)
*please: 请 (CHIN)
*thank you: 谢谢 (''xie4-xie4'') /SjE-SjE/ (shyeh-shyeh)
*that one: 那个 (''na3.ge'') /nEj g@/ (nay guh)<sup>6</sup>
*how much?: 多少 (''duo1-shao3'') /dwO S.aw/ (dwaw shahw)
*English: 英文 (''ying1-wen2'') /YIN-w@n/ (yeeng won)
*yes: 是 (''shi4'') /S.r./ (sure)<sup>4</sup>
*no: 不是 (''bu4-shi4'') /pu S.r./ (Boo-Sure)<sup>5</sup>
*where's the bathroom?: 厕所在那里 (''ce4 suo3 zai4 na2 li3?'') /ts@ swO ??? na li/ (tsuh swaw ??? nah lee?) -- ''Not the politest, but you'll get your point across!''
*generic toast: 干杯 (''gan4 bei4'') /gan p@j/ (gahn bay)
=== [[Czech language|Czech]] ([[Slavic languages|Slavic]]) ===
*Czech: ''Česky'' (CHEHskee)
*hello: ''dobry' den'' (DObree den)
*good-bye: ''na shledanou'' (nas KHLEdanow)
*please: ''prosím'' (PROseem)
*thank you: ''děkuji vam'' (DYEkooyi vam)
*that one: ''tam ten'' (tam ten)
*how much?: ''kolik'' (KOlik)
*English: ''anglicky'' (anglyscy)
*yes: ''ano'' /A no/
*no: ''ne'' /ne/
*generic toast: ''Na zdraví'' //
=== [[Danish language|Danish]] ([[Germanic languages|Germanic]]) ===
*Danish: ''dansk'' /dansk/
*hello: ''hej'' /hi/
*good-bye: ''farvel'' /fah-vel/
*please: <sup>1</sup>
*thank you: ''tak'' /tack/
*that one: ''denne'' /DEN-nuh/
*how much?: ''hvor meget'' /vo MY-it/
*English: ''engelsk'' /ENG-uhlsk/
*yes: ''ja'' /ya/
*no: ''nej'' /nigh/
*generic toast: ''skål'' /skal/
=== [[Dutch language|Dutch]] ([[Germanic languages|Germanic]]) ===
*Dutch: ''Nederlands'' /nay-dar-laendhs/
*hello: ''hallo'' /ha-loh/
*good-bye: ''tot ziens'' /toth-zeens/
*please: ''alstublieft'' /aelst-ue-bleeft/
*thank you: ''dankjewel'' /daenck-jae-well/
*that one: ''die'' /dee/
*how much?: ''hoeveel'' /hoe-veel/
*English: ''engels'' /engh-els/
*yes: ''ja'' /ya/
*no: ''nee'' /neh/
*generic toast: ''proost'' /prohw-st/
=== [[Esperanto]] ([[constructed language|planned]], based on European languages) ===
*Esperanto: ''Esperanto'' /ess-pair-AHN-toh/
*hello: ''saluton'' /sah-LOO-tohn/
*good-bye: ''ĝis'' /jees/
*please: ''bonvolu'' /bohn-VOH-loo/
*thank you: ''dankon'' /DAHN-kohn/
*that one: ''tiu'' /TEE-oo/
*how much?: ''kiom'' /KEE-ohm/
*English: ''la angla'' /lah AHN-glah/
*yes: ''jes'' /yes/
*no: ''ne'' /neh/
*Where is the bathroom?: ''Kie estas la necesejo?'' /KEY-ay ESS-tahss la net-se-SAY-oh/
*generic toast: ''je via sano'' /yeh VEE-ah SAH-noh/
*Do you speak English?: ''Ĉu vi parolas la anglan?'' /choo vee pah-RO-lahss la AHN-glahn/
=== [[Estonian language|Estonian]] ([[Finno-Ugric languages|Finno-Ugric]]) ===
*Estonian: ''eesti''
*hello: ''tere''
*good-bye: ''head aega''
*please: ''palun''
*thank you: ''aitäh''
*that one: ''see''
*how much?: ''kui palju''
*English: ''inglise''
*yes: ''jah''
*no: ''ei''
*sorry: ''vabandage''
*I don't understand: ''Ma ei saa aru''
*generic toast: ''terviseks''
*Do you speak English?: ''Kas te räägite inglise keelt?''
=== [[Finnish language|Finnish]] ([[Finno-Ugric languages|Finno-Ugric]]) ===
*Finnish: ''suomi'' /swo mi/ (suo-meh)
*hello: ''päivää'' (p}j v}:) (pay-vaeh)
*good-bye: ''näkemiin'' /n} ke mi:n/ (NA-keh-MEEN)
*please: <sup>1</sup>
*thank you: ''kiitos'' /ki: tos/ (kee-toess)
*that one: ''tuo'' /tu o/ (to-oh)
*how much?: ''kuinka paljon'' /kujn ka pal jon/ (kuyn-kah pal-yon)
*English: ''englanti'' /EN lan ti/ (ENG-lan-TEH)
*yes: ''kyllä'' /ky l:}/ (kul-laeh)
*no: ''ei'' /ej/ (ey)
*generic toast: ''kippis'' /ki p:is/ (kepp-pis)
=== [[French language|French]] ([[Romance languages|Romance]]) ===
*French: ''français'' /frA~ sE/ <small>("frawn-say")</small>
*hello: ''bonjour'' /bO~ Zur/ <small>("bohn-jure")</small>
*good-bye: ''au revoir'' /o r@ vwar/ <small>("o-reh-vwa")</small>
*please: ''s'il vous plaît'' /sil vu plE/ <small>("seal vuh play"</small>)
*thank you: ''merci'' /mEr si/ <small>("mair-see")</small>
*that one: ''cela'' /s@ la/ <small>("seh-lah")</small>
*how much?: ''combien'' /kO~ bjE~/ <small>("kom-bee-en")</small>
*English: ''anglais'' /A~ glE/ <small>("ahng-glay")</small>
*yes: ''oui'' /wi/ <small>("wee")</small>
*no: ''non'' /nO~/ <small>("nuh")</small>
*sorry: ''pardon'' /par-DOHN/
*I don't understand: ''Je ne comprends pas'' /Zh@ ne co~'pRahn 'pa/
*where's the bathroom?: ''où sont les toilettes?'' /u sO~ lE twa lEt/ (ooh song lay twa-let)<sup>8</sup>
*generic toast: ''santé'' /sA~te/ <small>("sahn-TAY")</small>
*Do you speak English?: ''Parlez-vous anglais'' /par lE vu A~ glE/ <small>("parlay voo ahng-glay")</small>
=== [[German language|German]] ([[Germanic languages|Germanic]]) ===
*German: ''Deutsch'' /dojtS/ (doytch)
*hello: ''hallo'' /h@ lo:/ (hullo in [[Received Pronunciation]])
*good-bye: ''auf Wiedersehen'' /awf vi: dER se:n/ (owf vee dare zane)
*please: ''bitte'' /bI t@/ (bit uh)
*thank you: ''danke'' /daN kE/ (dong keh)
*that one: ''das'' /dAs/ ("dus" in "dust")
*how much?: ''wieviel'' /vi fi:l/ (vee feel)
*English: ''Englisch'' /EN glIS/ (eng glish)
*yes: ''ja'' /ja/ (jaa)
*no: ''nein'' /najn/ (nine)
*where's the bathroom?: ''Wo ist die Toilette?'' /vo ist di toilEte/ (voe ist dee toy-let-te)<sup>8</sup>
*generic toast: ''prosit'' /pro sit/ (pro seat) or ''prost'' /pro:st/ (brohst)
*Do you speak English?: ''Sprechen Sie Englisch?''
*I don't understand: ''Ich verstehe nicht.'' /IC f@'Ste:@ nICt/
*Sorry: ''Entschuldigung'' /ent'SuldIgUN/
=== [[Greek language|Greek]] ===
*Greek: Ελλινικι /e lI ni ki/ (el lin knee key)
*hello:
**καλος ορισατε /ka los o ri sa tE/ (kah lowss oh ree sah teh) ''(general use)''
**κοπιαστε /ko pias tE/ (koh pyas teh) ''("I have some free time, come on in!")''
*good-bye:
*please: παρακαλω /pa ra ka lo/ (puh rah kah low)
*thank you: ευχαριστω /Ef xa ris to/ (eff kha reess toe)
*that one:
*how much: πως κανει /pOs ka ni/ (pawss kah knee)
*English: Αγγλια /aN gli @/ (ang glee uh)
*yes: ναι /nE/ (neh) ''(this is a [[false friend]] for many Western European language speakers)''
*no: οχι /O xi/ (aw khee)
*sorry: /siG'nomi/
*I don't understand: /'Den katala'veno/
*where's the bathroom?: που ειστε οι τουαλεττες; /pu is tE i tu a lE tEs/ (poo ee seh ee too uh let tess)
*generic toast:
*Do you speak English?: Μιλαστε Αγγλια; /mi las tE aN gli @/ (mee lost te ang glee uh)
=== [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]] ===
*Hawaiian: Hawai`i
*hello: aloha
*good-bye: A hui hou.
*please: e `olu `olu `oe
*thank you: mahalo
*yes: 'ae
*no: 'a'ole
*how much?: `ehia?
*Where is the restroom?: Aia i hea ka lumi ho`opaupilikia?
*generic toast: Ola
(Other useful words in Hawaiian:)
*foreigner: haole "howlie"
=== [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] ([[semitic languages|Semitic]]) ===
*Hebrew: עברית ''ivrit''
*hello: שלום ''shalom''
*good-bye: להתראות ''lehitraot''
*please: בבקשה ''bevakasha''
*thank you: תודה ''toda''
*that one: את זה ''et ze''
*how much? כמה ''kama''
*English: אנגלית ''anglit''
*yes כן ''ken''
*no: לא ''lo''
*generic toast: לחיים ''le-chaim''
=== [[Hindi language|Hindi]] ([[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]) ===
*Hindi: '''' //
*hello: ''namaste'''
*good-bye: ''pirmelenge''
*please: ''merker-bani seh''
*thank you: ''shukriya''
*that one: ''''
*how much?: ''''
*English: ''''
*yes: ''haji''
*no: ''ji nahi''
*generic toast: ''''
=== [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] ([[Finno-Ugric languages|Finno-Ugric]]) ===
''If you speak Hungarian/Magyar, you can edit this page right now!''
*Hungarian: ''magyar'' /'mAJAr/
*hello: ''szervusz'' /'servus/ (szia, /'seeya/ common amongst friends)
*good-bye: ''viszontlátásra''
*please: ''kérem szépen'' /'kiram seepan'
*sorry: ''bocsonát'' /'BOcsonaht/
*thank you: ''köszönöm'' /'k2s2n2m/
*that one: ''az'' /'Az/
*how much?: ''mennyi?'' /'man yi/
*yes: ''igen'' /'igen/
*no: ''nem'' /'nEm/
*sorry:
*I don't understand: ''nem értem'' /'nEm er'tem/
*where's the bathroom?: ''hól van a WC?'' /'hole von o V ts/
*generic toast: ''egészségedre'' /'ageesheeged ray/
*Do you speak English?: ''Beszélsz Angolul?'' /'baseels ongoluul/
=== [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] ([[Germanic languages|Germanic]]) ===
*Icelandic: ''íslenska'' /i:s len ska/ (EES-len-ska)
*hello: ''góðan dag'' /go: Dan dag/ (GOH-than dahg)
*good-bye: ''bless'' /blEs:/
*please: ''gjörðu svo vel'' /gjör Tu svo vel/ (GYUHR-thuh so vel)
*thank you: ''takk fyrir'' /tak: fü rir/ (tahk FEER-eer)
*that one: ''þetta'' /Te t:a/ (thetta)
*how much?: ''hversu'' /xver su/ (KVAIR-suh)
*English: ''enska'' /en ska/ (enn ska)
*yes: ''já'' /ja:/ (yow)
*no: ''nei'' /nej/ (nay)
*generic toast:
=== [[Ido language|Ido]] ([[constructed language|planned]], reformed version of Esperanto) ===
*Ido: ''Ido''
*hello: ''bona jorno''
*good-bye: ''adio''
*please: ''bonvole''
*thank you: ''danko''
*that one: ''co''
*how much: ''quanta''
*English: ''angla''
*yes: ''yes''
*no: ''no''
*generic toast:
=== [[Bahasa Indonesia|Indonesian]] ([[Malayo-Polynesian]]) ===
*Indonesian: ''bahasa Indonesia'' /ba ha sa in do ne si a/
*hello:
**''selamat pagi'' /se la mat pa gi/ (morning)
**''selamat siang'' /... si aN/ (around midday and in the early afternoon)
**''selamat sore'' /... so re/ (late afternoon)
**''selamat malam'' /... ma lam/ (after dark)
*good-bye:
**''selamat tinggal'' /... tiN gal/ (said by person leaving)
**''selamat jalan'' /... ja lan/ (said by person staying)
*please: ''tolong'' /to loN/
*thank you: ''terima kasih'' /te ri ma ka sih/
*that one: ''itu'' /i tu/
*how much? ''berapa'' /be ra pa/
*English: ''bahasa Inggris'' /ba ha sa IN gris/
*yes: ''ya'' /ja/
*no: ''tidak'' /ti dak/
*generic toast:
=== [[Irish language|Irish]] ([[Celtic languages|Celtic]]) ===
*Irish: ''Gaeilge'' /ge l@ gE/ (GAY-lih-geh)
*hello: ''fáilte'' /fa:l t<sup><font size=-1>j</font></sup>@/(FALL-cha)
*good-bye: ''slán'' /sla:n/ (slawn)
*please: ''le do thoil'' /lE dO hil/ (leh duh hill)
*thank you: ''go raibh maith agat'' /g@ rEv mah a g@t/ (guh rev MAH a-gut)
*that one: ''sin'' /Sin/ (shin)
*how much?: ''cé mhead'' /ke: ved/ (kay-vade)
*English: ''Béarla'' /be:r l@/ (BARE-lah)
*yes: <sup>4</sup>'''sea'' /Sa/ (shah)
*no: <sup>5</sup>''ní ha'' /ni: ha/ (knee-ha)
*generic toast: ''sláinte'' /sla:n t<sup><font size=-1>j</font></sup>@/ (SLAWN-tye)
=== [[Italian language|Italian]] ([[Romance languages|Romance]]) ===
*Italian: ''italiano'' /i ta li a no/ (ee-tah-lee-AN-oh)
*hello: ''ciao'' /tSaw/ (chow)
*good-bye: ''arrivederci'' /a r:i ve der tSi/ (a-ree-veh-DARE-chi)
*please: ''per favore'' /per fa vo re/ (per fa-VOAR-ay)
*thank you: ''grazie'' /gra tsi e/ (GRAT-zee-eh)
*that one: ''quello'' /kwe l:o/ (KWEL-low)
*how much? ''quanto'' /kwan to/ (KWAN-tow)
*English: ''inglese'' /in gle se/ (in-GLAY-say)
*yes: ''sì'' /si/ (see)
*no: ''no'' /no/ (no)
*sorry: /es'kuza/
*I don't understand: ''non capisco''
*where's the bathroom?: ''dov'è il bagno?''
*generic toast: ''salute'' /sa lu te/ (sall-OO-teh)
=== [[Japanese language|Japanese]] ===
*Japanese: 日本語 ''nihongo'' /ni ho n go/ or /ni hoN go/ (nee-hon-go)
*hello:
** こんにちは ''konnichiwa'' /ko n:i tSi wa/ (kohn-nee-chee-wa)
** hello on telephone: もしもし ''moshi-moshi'' /mo Si mo Si/
*good-bye: さようなら ''sayōnara'' /sa jo: na ra/ (sigh oh na ra)
*please: 下さい ''kudasai'' /ku da sa i/ (ku-da-sigh)
*thank you: ありがとう ''arigatō'' /a ri ga to:/ (ah-ri-ga-to-oh)
*that one: それ ''sore'' /so re/ (so ray)
*how much? いくら ''ikura'' /i ku ra/ (i-ku-ra)
*English: 英語 ''eigo'' /e i go/ ''or'' /ej go/ (ay-go)
*yes: はい ''hai'' /ha i/ ''or'' /haj/ (high)
*no: いいえ ''iie'' /i: e/ (ee-eh)
*where's the bathroom?: ; トイレはどこですか　''toire wa doko desu ka'' or just トイレどこ　''toire doko'' /to i re wa do ko de su ka/ /to i re do ko/ (toy-ray wa do-ko des-ka) (toy-ray do-ko)
*generic toast: 乾杯 ''kanpai'' /ka n pa i/ or /kam paj/ (kam-pie)
*Do you speak English?: 英語話せますか ''eigo hanasemasu ka'' /e i go ha na se ma su ka/ (ay-go ha-na-say-mas-ka)
*foreigner: 外人　gaijin
=== [[Korean language|Korean]] ===
''Note: [[Hangeul]] ''[[Official Romanization of South Korea]]'' /[[SAMPA]]/''
*Korean: 한국어 ''hangugeo'' //
*hello: 안녕하세요 ''annyeonghaseyo''//, 안녕 ''annyeong'' //
*good-bye: 안녕히가세요 ''annyeonghigaseyo'' //, 안녕 ''annyeong'' //
*please:
*thank you: 고맙습니다 ''gomapseupnida'' //, 고마워 ''gomawo'' //
*that one: 저것 ''jeogeot'' //, //
*how much?: 얼마예요? ''eolmayeoyo'' //, //
*yes: 네 ''ne'' //, //
*no: 아니오 ''anio'' //, //
*sorry: 미안합니다 ''mianhamnida'' //
*I don't understand: 모르겠습니다 ''moreugesseumnida'' //
*where's the bathroom?: 화장실이 어디에요? ''hwajangsili eodieyo'' //
*generic toast: 건배! ''geonbae'' //, 위하여! ''wihayeo'' //
*Do you speak English?: 영어 할 줄 아세요? ''yeongeo hal jul aseyo'' //
=== [[Lojban]] (''a priori'' [[constructed language|planned language]]) ===
*Lojban: ''la lojban'' /lah LOZH-bahn/
*hello: ''coi'' /shoy/
*good-bye: ''co'o'' /SHO-ho/
*please: ''pe'u'' /PEH-hoo/
*thank you: ''ki'e'' /KEE-heh/
*that one: ''ta'' /tah/
*how much?: ''la'u ma'' /LAH-hoo mah/
*English: ''le glibau'' /leh GLEE-bow/
*yes: ''.i go'i'' /ee GO-hee/
*no: ''.i na go'i'' /ee nah GO-hee/
*generic toast:
=== [[Nigerian pidgin]] (English-based [[pidgin]]) ===
*Nigerian pidgin:
*hello: ''[[brown|How]] [[cow|now]]''
*good-bye: ''A go dey see yu now''
*please: ''A beg''
*thank you: ''Thank yu''
*that one:
*how much?:
*English: ''Oyinbo''
*yes: ''Yes''
*no: ''No''
*generic toast:
=== [[Polish language|Polish]] ([[Slavic languages|Slavic]]) ===
*Polish: ''Polski'' /pol-skih/
*hello: ''dzień dobry'' /jien dohb-rih/
*good-bye: ''do widzenia'' /doh vidzenya/
*please: ''proszę'' /proh-sheh/
*thank you: ''dziękuję'' /jien-koo-ye/ (almost a [[false cognate]])
*that one: ''ten'' /ten/ (m), ''ta'' /tuh/ (f), ''to'' /toh/ (n)
*how much?: ''ile'' /ih-leh/
*English: ''angielski'' /un-ghiel-skih/
*yes: ''tak'' /tuhk/
*no: ''nie'' /nye/
*generic toast: ''na zdrowie'' /nah zdrovyie/
=== [[Russian language|Russian]] ([[Slavic languages|Slavic]]) ===
*Russian: Русский /russkij/ (rooss key)
*hello: Здравствуйте /zdravstvujt<sup><font size = -1>j</font></sup>e/ (zdrav stvooy tyeh)
*good-bye: До свиданя /dO svidanja/ (daw svee da nya)
*please: /pazhalsta/
*thank you: Спасибо /spa si b^/ (spahseebah)
*that one: Это /E to/ (ehto)
*how much?: (skolko)
*English: Англиский /aN glis kij/ (ahngleeskeey)
*yes: Да /da/
*no: Нет /nyet/
*generic toast: ''za zdorovyeh''
=== [[Romanian language|Romanian]] ([[Romance languages|Romance]]) ===
*Romanian: romaneste
*hello: buna ziua
*good bye: la revedere
*please: va rog
*thank you: multumesc
*how much?: cat costa?
*English: englezeste
*do you speak English?: vorbiti englezeste?
*yes: da
*no: nu
*generic toast: noroc
=== [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit ]] ([[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]) ===
*Sanskrit: '''' //
*hello: ''namo namah'' //
*good-bye: '''' //
*please: '''' //
*thank you: ''anugurihiitosumi'' //
*that one: '''' //
*how much?: '''' //
*English: '''' //
*yes: ''ava'' //
*no: '''' //
*generic toast: '''' //
=== [[Sardinian language|Sardinian]] ([[Romance languages|Romance]]) ===
*Sardinian: ''sardu'' /'sarDu/ "sar-doo"
*good-bye: ''adiosu'' /a'Djosu/ "ah-dhyohsoo"
*bye-bye: ''a nos bidere'' /anos'biDere/ "a-nohss-BI-dere"
*please: ''pro piaghere'' /'pro pja'Gere/ "pro pee-ah-gh-er-ay"
*thank you: ''grassias'' /'grasias/ "GRAHSS-yahss"
*that one: ''cussu'' /'kusu/ "KU-hssoo"
*how much?: ''cantu'' /'kantu/ "KAHN-too"
*English: ''Ingresu'' /in'gresu/ "in-GRAY-soo"
*yes: ''eia'' /'eja/
*no: ''no'' /'no/
*sorry:
*I don't understand:
*where's the bathroom?:
*hello, and generic toast: ''salude'' /sa'luDe/ "saw-LOODHE"
=== [[Slovene language|Slovene]] ([[Slavic languages|Slavic]]) ===
*Slovene: ''slovensko'' /slo-vEn-s-cO/
*hello: ''zdravo'' /ZdrA-vO/ (z like in zebra)
*good-bye: ''na svidenje'' /na swE-den-yE/
*please: ''prosim'' /prO-sim/ (pro- => prospect, -sim => simulation)
*thank you: ''hvala'' /hvA-la/
*that one: ''tisti'' /tI-s-ti/ (ti-, -ti => Tibet)
*how much?: ''koliko?'' /co-lE-co/ (co-, -co => cup)
*English: ''angleško'' /A-nglE-S-co/
*yes: ''da'' /dA/
*no: ''ne'' /nE/
*generic toast: ''na zdravje'' /nA z-drA-oU-yE/
=== [[Spanish language|Spanish]] ([[Romance languages|Romance]]) ===
*Spanish: ''castellano'' /kaste'Lano/ (kass-ta-LYA-naw); ''español'' /espa'Jol/ (ess-pahn-YOHL)
*hello: ''hola'' /'ola/ (OH-la)
*good-bye: ''adiós'' /a'Djos/ (ah-THYOHS)
*please: ''por favor'' /por fa'Bor/ (pour fah-VOAR)
*thank you: ''gracias'' /'graTjas/ (GRAHSS-yahss)
*sorry: ''perdón'' /per'Don/
*that one: ''ése'' /'ese/ (EH-seh) (masculine); ''&eacute;sa'' /'esa/ (EH-sah) (feminine)
*how much?: ''cuánto'' /'kwanto/ (KWAHN-taw)
*English: ''inglés'' /iN'gles/ (ing-GLESS)
*yes: ''sí'' /'si/ (see)
*no: ''no'' /'no/ (no)
*sorry: ''perdón'' /per'Don/
*I don't understand: ''No comprendo'' /'no kom'prendo/
*where's the bathroom?: ''Dónde está el baño?'' /'donde es'ta el'BaJo/ (DON day esTAH el BA-nyaw)
*generic toast: ''salud'' /sa'luD/ (sah-LOOTHE)
*Do you speak English?: ''¿Habla usted inglés?'' /'aBla us'teD iN'gles/ (AH blah OOS ted ing-GLESS)
=== [[Swahili language|Swahili]] ([[Bantu]]) ===
*Swahili: ''Kiswahili'' /ki swa hi li/ (kee-swa-HEE-lee)
*hello: Jambo (ja m boh) or (ya m boh)
*good-bye: ''kwa heri'' /kwa he ri/ (kwa HAY-ree)
*please: ''tafadhali'' /ta fa Da li/ (tah-fah-tha-lee)
*thank you: ''asante'' /a san te/ (ah-SAHN-tey)
*that one: ''yule'' /ju le/ (YOO-lay)
*how much?: ''ngapi'' /Na pi/ (ng-AH-pee)
*English: ''Kingereza'' /ki Ne re za/ (k-ing-reza)
*yes: ''ndiyo'' /n di jo/ (nn-DEE-yoh)
*no: ''hapana'' /ha pa na/
*generic toast: //
=== [[Swedish language|Swedish]] ([[Germanic languages|Germanic]]) ===
*Swedish: ''svenska''
*hello: ''hej'' /hey/
*good-bye: ''hejdå'' (hey-doh)
*please: ''tack'' (tahck)
*thank you: ''tack'' (tahck)
*that one: ''den där'' (den dehr)
*how much?: ''hur mycket'' (huwr muwk-eh)
*English: ''engelska'' (eng-el-skah)
*yes: ''ja'' /ja/ (ya)
*no: ''nej'' /nEj/ (neigh)
*generic toast: ''skål'' /skOl/ (skal ''or'' skol)
=== [[Tok Pisin language|Tok Pisin]] (Neo-Melanesian English creole) ===
*Tok Pisin: ''Tok Pisin''
*hello: ''gut de''
*good-bye: ''gut bai''
*please: ''plis''
*thank you: ''tenkyu''
*that one: ''em''
*how much?: ''haumas''
*English: ''Inglis''
*yes: ''yes''
*no: ''nogat''
*generic toast:
=== [[Toki Pona language|Toki Pona]] ([[constructed language|planned]] [[pidgin]] based on sources from around the world) ===
''Words are accented on the first syllable.''
*Toki Pona: ''toki pona''
*hello: ''toki!''
*good-bye: ''mi tawa'' (said by person leaving); ''tawa pona'' (said by person staying)
*thank you: ''pona''
*that one: ''ni''
*how much?: ''mute seme?''
*English: ''toki Inli''
*yes: ''lon''<sup>4</sup>
*no: ''lon ala''<sup>5</sup>
*generic toast: ''telo nasa pona!''
*Do you speak English?: ''sina sona ala sona e toki Inli?''
=== [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] ([[Slavic languages|Slavic]]) ===
*Ukrainian: Українська (Ukrayins`ka)
*hello: Здоровенькі були (Zdoroven`ki buly)
*good-bye: до побачення (Do pobachennya)
*please: Будь-ласка (Bud` laska)
*thank you: Дякую (Dyakuyu)
*that one: Цей (Tcey)
*how much?: скільки (Skil`ky)
*English: Англійська (Angliys`ka)
*yes: Так (Tak)
*no: Ні (Ni)
*generic toast: За кохання (Za kohannya)
=== [[Welsh language|Welsh]] ([[Celtic languages|Celtic]]) ===
*Welsh: ''Cymraeg'' /kum-REYEG/
*hello: ''s'mae?'' /smy/
*good-bye: ''hwyl'' /HOO-il/
*please: ''os gwelwch yn dda'' /oss GOOEL-ook 'n tha/
*thank you: ''diolch'' /DEE-olk/
*that one: ''honno'' /HON-no/ (feminine); ''hwnnw'' /HOO-noo/ (masculine).
*how much?: ''faint?'' /vie-nt/
*English: ''Saesneg'' /SAUS-neg/
*yes: <sup>4</sup>''ie'' /ee-yay/ ''Note: This is a [[false friend]] for Japanese speakers.''
*no: <sup>5</sup>''na'' /na/
*generic toast: ''iechyd da'' /YEKid dar/
=== [[Xhosa language]] (Nguni languages, [[Bantu]]) ===
*Xhosa: isiXhosa
*hello: Molo
*good bye: sala kakuhle
*please: enkosi
*thank you: enkosi kakhulu
*that one: le, lo, olu, oku, yona, yena etc. (depends on class)
*English: isiNgesi
*yes: ewe
*no: hayi
----
<div style="font-size:80%">
<sup>1</sup>No word directly corresponds to the word "please". Danish and Finnish express the concept of politeness in a request in various ways.
<sup>4</sup>This actually means "it is" and can only be used in an answer to a question with the verb "to be". Languages like Chinese, Irish, Toki Pona, and Welsh do not have words for "yes" or "no". Instead you repeat the main verb of the question in your answer.
<sup>5</sup>This actually means "it is not". See note 4 above.
<sup>6</sup>The second syllable of "nei3 ge" is actually a generic [[measure word]]; it is replaced by the appropriate measure word for the noun it refers to. Therefore, one uses "nei3 kuai4" when referring to a chopstick, "nei3 zhang1" when referring to a table, and so forth.
<sup>7</sup> Greetings in Swahili are an incredibly complex affair and are a crucial aspect of Swahili culture; it is not uncommon for a conversation to last five minutes before it actually moves beyond saying "Hello". There is no generic word for "Hello" in the language, rather there are numerous options depending on the relative ages and/or race of the people involved, as well as singular and plural forms. A non-comprehensive list would include "hujambo" (reply "sijambo") for two people of similar age and race, "jambo" (reply "jambo") for between white and black people, "Shikamoo" (reply "Marahaba") for a young person to an elderly person, "Hodi" (reply "Karibu") when in the doorway of a house. There are additionally numerous informal greetings such as "Mambo", "Safi", and many more. Curiously, farewells are abrupt or even non-existent.
<sup>8</sup> Toilet vs W.C. In many countries, the abbreviation W.C. for the British "Water Closet" may be used instead of the local word for "Toilet". In U.S. English "toilet" refers to the fixture (the toilet itself) rather than the room which contains it.
</div>
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