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''This article is about the bones called '''ribs'''. For other meanings, see [[rib (disambiguation)]].''

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In [[anatomy]], the '''ribs''' ([[Latin]] ''costae'') are the long curved [[bone]]s which form the '''rib cage'''. They surround the [[chest]] (Latin [[thorax]]) of land [[vertebrate]]s. They protect the [[lung]]s, [[heart]], and other internal [[Organ (anatomy)|organ]]s of the [[thoracic cavity]].

In mammals, obvious ribs only occur in the chest: fused-on remnants of ribs can be traced in development in neck vertebrae and sacral vertebrae. In reptiles, ribs sometimes occur in all vertebrae from the neck to the sacrum.

In fish, the full set is four ribs on each vertebra. This can easily be seen in the [[herring]]. Not all fish have the full set.

The [[human skeleton]] has 24 ribs, 12 on each side. (A small proportion have one pair more or fewer). They are attached to the [[vertebral column]] behind. The first seven pairs are connected to the [[sternum]] in front and are known as ''true ribs'' (''costae verae'', I-VII). The eighth, ninth, and tenth are attached in front to the [[cartilage|cartilaginous]] portion of the next rib above and are known as ''false ribs'' (''costae spuriae'', VIII-X). The lower two, that is the eleventh and twelfth, are not attached in front and are called ''floating ribs'' (''costae fluitantes'', XI-XII). The spaces between the ribs are known as intercostal spaces; they contain the intercostal [[muscle]]s, [[nerve]]s, and [[artery|arteries]]. The rib cage allows for [[breathing]] due to its elasticity. In some humans, the rib remnant of the 7th neck vertebra on one or both sides is replaced by a free extra rib called a ''cervical rib'', which can cause trouble for the nerves going to the arm.

There is a [[legend]] that men have one rib fewer than women. This is false, and originates from the ''[[Bible]]'s'' description of the creation of [[Adam and Eve|Eve]] (from the rib of [[Adam]]).

== See also ==
*[[Bone#Terminology|Bone terminology]]
*[[Terms for anatomical location]]

[[Category:Skeletal system]]

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