Revision 700775375 of "Adyar Cancer Institute" on enwiki

{{Infobox hospital
| Name        = Cancer Institute (W.I.A), Chennai
| Org/Group   = <!-- optional -->
| Image       = <!-- optional -->
| image alt   = <!-- optional -->
| Caption     = <!-- optional -->
| map_type    = 
| latitude    = <!-- used only for adding a map, with map_type -->
| longitude   = <!-- used only for adding a map, with map_type -->
| Logo        = <!-- optional -->
| Logo Size   = <!-- optional -->
| Location    = [[Adyar (Chennai)|Adyar]], [[Chennai]]
| Region      = <!-- e.g. County or City - NB autolinked -->
| State       = Tamil Nadu
| Country     = India
| Coordinates = 
| HealthCare  = <!-- UK:NHS. AU/CA: Medicare. ELSE freetext, eg Private -->
| Funding     = <!-- Non-profit, For-profit, Government, Public -->
| Type        = Specialist<!-- Community, District, General, District General, Teaching, Specialist -->
| Speciality  = [[Cancer]]
| Standards   = <!-- optional if no national standards -->
| Emergency   = <!-- UK/IR/HK/SG: Yes/No, CA/US: I/II/III for Trauma certification level -->
| Affiliation = <!-- 'None' or Medical School and University affiliations (medical or paramedical) -->
| Patron      = <!-- 'None' or the individual who acts as the hospital patron -->
| Network     = <!-- optional -->
| Beds        = 423
| Founded     = 1954
| Closed      = <!-- optional -->
| Website     = http://cancerinstitutewia.org/
| Wiki-Links  = <!-- optional -->
}}

'''Adyar Cancer Institute''' is a [[cancer]] specialty hospital situated in the city of [[Chennai]], [[India]]; founded by Dr. [[Muthulakshmi Reddy]] on June 18, 1954 on the land donated by Mr. S. K. Puniyakoti Mudaliar.

The institute has been rated by the [[World Health Organisation]] (WHO) as the Top Ranking Centre in the country.<ref>{{cite news 
  | last = 
  | first = 
  | coauthors = 
  | title = Make Adyar Cancer institute Centre of Excellence: Jaya to PM 
  | newspaper = Deccan Herald 
  | location = Chennai
  | pages = 
  | language = 
  | publisher = Deccan Herald 
  | date = 22 March 2013 
  | url = http://www.deccanherald.com/content/320732/make-adyar-cancer-institute-centre.html
  | accessdate = 24 Mar 2013}}</ref>

=== '''Doctor Patient Relationship :''' ===
The practice of Oncology is as complex as cancer itself. The doctor patient relationship is a special one, a sacred one - one of trust, hope and confidentiality. In oncologic practice, the patient when she/he meets you for the first time, they come in a state of fear, almost verging on panic. The oncologist has thus to face two issues - it is not enough to diagnose and treat the disease to the best of his/her ability. One has in addition to meet the emotional and other needs of the patient and the family, stressing the need for a comprehensive care.

When one has to meet the varying needs of the patient, there must be honesty and clarity as to what can be done and what cannot be achieved. This needs communication skills & empathy to create a sense of confidence and trust. Communication must be clear & without ambiguity, in a language that the patient / family understands the therapeutic options, risks, benefits, pros and cons of different modalities of treatment and morbidities. The oncologist has to be sensitive to the psychological needs of the patient and the family support available.

=== Ethical Practice : ===
The availability of sophisticated technology should not be the sole reason for its use/prescription. One has to consider carefully when and where it is to be used, which is better and under what conditions and what is the cost benefit. There should be a constant reappraisal centering on improved patient care. One should work towards quality care. Marketing practices of equipment manufacturers needs to be monitored. Technology assessment and evidence based practice becomes mandatory to have a clear scientific basis and whether they are cost effective. Evidence based guidelines remain in words and not in practice. Ultimately the victim is the patient. 

=== Multidisciplinary Approach : ===
In oncologic care, the value of multidisciplinary management has ben documented beyond doubt. The team members should have excellent knowledge in their own skills in addition to good basic knowledge of the others in the team. This will be essential to interaction on equal terms an speak their language with understanding. The concept of outcome of cancer patients goes beyond survival and includes quality of life, long term morbidities and many more.

=== Personalised care & Prognostication : ===
Cancer is an extremely complex biologic phenomenon. The heterogeneity in such that the clinical realises early in their oncologic practice that no two cancers behave alike and the greatest challenge in cancer management has been the inability to prognosticate outcome to treatment, whether it be surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Molecular biology technics have opened new avenues and capabilities in the areas of prevention, diagnosis, early detection, staging of disease, monitoring of treatment, prediction of outcome and risk assessment. It can also help in detection of recurrence, potential for metastases etc. These have helped in formulation of treatment plan based on the biology of the tumour against the background of the host milieu.

== Several firsts ==
The Institute's first break came on December 24, 1956, when Atomic Energy, [[Canada]], gifted a cobalt-60 [[Teletherapy]] unit ([[radiation therapy]] machine). It was the first such unit in [[Asia]].

The Institute has several other firsts to its credit. They include:

*A department of [[nuclear medicine|Nuclear Medical]] [[Oncology]] in 1956;
*Paediatric oncology in 1960;
*Installing a [[linear accelerator]] in 1976;
*Introducing Blood Component Therapy in 1978;
*Introducing [[hyperthermia]] treatment in 1984;
*Installing an ND-YAG [[laser surgery|Surgical Laser]] in 1985 and performing endoscopic laser surgery;
*Intra-operative Electron Therapy is available since 1992.
*First in the country to introduce RapidArc treatment in January 2009
*First in the country to start M.Phil Psycho-oncology in August 2011

==Present facilities==
The Institute has a hospital, a research centre, a centre of preventive oncology, and a College of Oncology Sciences (a postgraduate college that conducts super-speciality courses in surgical oncology, medical oncology, oncological nursing, Medical Physics and Psycho-oncology).

Its centre for preventive oncology has been working in conjunction with non-government organisations and government hospitals to conduct cancer screening camps and [[Pap smear]] tests at the district level and in various parts of the city.

The Institute's hereditary cancer clinic, the first in the country, is studying the [[genetics|genetic]] factors related to the disease.

The '''''Tobacco Cessation Clinic''''' has been helping people to fight various forms of [[tobacco]] consumption, which is the most common cause for cancer. It is now renamed as Resource Centre for Tobacco Control (RCTC).

The Institute has 423 beds, of which 297 are free. Generally, 66% of them get free or subsidised treatment.

A satellite cancer care centre of the Adyar Cancer Institute is located at [[Pallikaranai]], which was inaugurated on February 12, 2011.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article1447883.ece Cancer Institute sets up satellite centre at Pallikaranai]</ref>

In 2012, the institute obtained Robio, an indigenously-developed robotic equipment by Chennai-based healthcare company Perfint, in order to facilitate greater precision in conducting biopsies and delivering palliative care.<ref>{{cite news
 | last =
 | first =
 | coauthors =
 | title = Now, robots to help fight cancer too 
 | newspaper = IBN Live South 
 | location = Chennai
 | pages =
 | language =
 | publisher = Express News Service 
 | date = 16 February 2012 
 | url = http://ibnlive.in.com/news/now-robots-to-help-fight-cancer-too/230632-60-120.html
 | accessdate = 15 Sep 2012}}</ref>

==Recognition==
In 2005, Dr. [[V Shanta]], honorary chairperson of the Cancer Institute, was awarded the [[Ramon Magsaysay Award]].

==References==
{{Portal|Chennai|Health}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://cancerinstitutewia.org Cancer Institute Home Page]
* [http://www.cifwia.org/aboutus/history/history.php Cancer Institute Donor Site]

{{Chennai Topics}}

[[Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1954]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1954]]
[[Category:Cancer organizations]]
[[Category:Regional Cancer Centres in India]]
[[Category:Hospitals in Chennai]]
[[Category:Cancer hospitals]]
[[Category:1954 establishments in India]]