Difference between revisions 2362577 and 2540268 on enwikibooks

⏎
⏎
⏎
⏎
⏎
⏎
⏎
⏎
<big><b>The Friend of G<small>OD</small></big></b><br>

<big><b>Approaching Abraham</big></b><br>

<big><b>Abraham in Context</big></b><br>

<big><b>Sources of Information</big></b><br>

<big><b>Caution about Anachronisms</big></b><br>

<big><b>Sequential Events in the Life of Abraham</big></b><br>

-----------------------------------------
⏎
⏎
⏎
⏎
-----------------------------------------

B'reishyt 11:26–25:10

⏎
⏎
===[[User:RekonDog/Sandbox/Abraham|Abrahim </small> صلى الله عليه وسلم‎]]===
====Birth and Family of Abraham====
=====Birth and Name of Abraham=====

Abraham appears to have been born around the year 2,166 BCE. In the book of <i>B'resheith/Genesis</i>, <i>J</i> Strand, indicates that Abraham's original name was Abram. Etymologically the name suggests it was had really been <i>Abi-ram</i> [i.e. "the (my) father is exalted."]. Again, according to <i>B'resheith/Genesis</i>, Abram was not given the name of <i>Abraham</i> until after the birth of his first son, Ismael. The name change is in response to the birth of Ismael, as Isaac reportedly was not yet born. It is suggested that the name change reported in <i>P</i> Strand of <i>B'resheith/Genesis</i> was to thread together two separate traditions, possible two different individuals, and had been merged into the <i>B'resheith/Genesis</i> narrative.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|<b><small>''[B'reshit (Torah) 11:26–27]''</small></b>
:"Your name shall no longer be called Abram, but your name shall be Abraham, for I have made you the father of a multitude of nations."
|}

======The Account of the Talmud======
*According to Rabbi Shlomo Yitzhaki (Rashi), GOD changed Abram's name to <i>Abraham</i>, a contraction representing his new status as <i>av hamon</i>—father of a multitude—whereas the name Avram represented his former status as only <i>av Aram</i>—father of Aram, his native country. Although he was no longer associated only with Aram, thus making the <i>reish</i> [beginning, first] of his former name unnecessary, the letter was retained.
*The tractate <i>Berachos 13a</i> interprets the verse (B'resheith 17:5) as positive and negative commandments, it is strictly forbidden to refer to Abraham as "Abram."
*Abraham's new description as <i>father of a multitude of nations<i> was not rhetorical; it has halachic implications that shed light on its deeper meaning. In explaining how converts who bring their 'first fruits' (bikkurim) to the Temple can recite the required formula<ref>"These bring [bikkurim] but do not make the recital: the proselyte, since he cannot say: which the L<small>ORD</small> hath sworn to our fathers, to give unto us’. If his mother was an Israelite, then he both brings bikkurim and recites the declaration. when he prays privately, he shall say:’O GOD of the fathers of Ysra'el’; but when he is in the synagogue, he should say: ‘the GOD of your fathers’. But if his mother was an Israelite woman, he says: ‘the god of our fathers’.</ref> thanking GOD for the land He swore to give <i>our</i> fathers (Devarim 26:3—though converts do not descend from the Patriarchs.
*Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon (Rambam) stated: All converts are considered descendants of Abraham because the Torah calls him <i>the father of...nations</i>, and therefore a convert can be called a son of Abraham. This means that the spiritual mission of mankind, which began with Adam, was now transferred to Abraham.

=====The Lineage of Abraham: The Account of the <i>Torah</i>=====
{| class="wikitable"
|<b><small>''[B'reshit (Torah) 11:26–27]''</small></b>
:When Terah had lived seventy years, he begot Abram, Nahor, and Haran. • Now these are the chronicles of Terah: Terah begot Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran begot Lot.
|}

Haran died in the lifetime of Terah his father, in his native land, in Ur-kasdim. And Abram and Nahor took themselves wives; the name of Abram's wife was Sarai, and the name of Nahor's wife was Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah and the father of Iscah. And Sarai was barren, she had no child.

======Sequential Events======
<b>Major Markers in the life of Abraham</b><br>
There are certain events within the life of Abraham صلى الله عليه وسلم which complements a ''Judaeo-Islamic'' discussion, whereas both traditions are in complete agreement; in regards to the occurrence of those events as well as their relative sequencing. A hypothesis concludes these events, and their relative sequencing, best serve as major markers to make any attempt to construe the totality  of the sequential events in the life of Abraham صلى الله عليه وسلم, as follows:
#Abraham صلى الله عليه وسلم married Sarah prior to the acquisition of Hagar.
#Hagar was acquired prior to the birth of Ismael.
#Ismael was born prior to Isaac.
#Angels visited Abraham, foretold the birth of Isaac, and destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah prior to the birth of Isaac.
#Isaac was born prior to Abraham's death.
Having establishing these major markers, one next considers geographical markers—if one can establish the sequence of locations—in the life of Abraham صلى الله عليه وسلم, one then can use those geographical locations as secondary markers of sequential events, and can then group individual events, according to geographical locations

======Abrahamic Covenant======
[[File:Basmala.svg|150px]] <big>''"In the Name of G<small>OD</small>, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful...''</big><br>

<b><small>''[Al-Baqarah (Qur'an) 2:124]''</small></b> —And recall that ''Ibrâhîm'' was tried (put to the test) by his L<small>ORD</small> with/through certain ''kalimât'' (words, commands, decrees, purposes), and he fulfilled them.<br>
:H<small>E</small> S<small>AID</small>: "I am appointing you an ''imâm'' (leader) for the people."
::He pleaded: "And also my descendants?"
:H<small>E</small> S<small>AID</small>: "My covenant does not include those who transgress."<br>

{|class="wikitable"
|<b><small>''[B'reshit (Genesis) 12:1–3]''</small></b> —Y<small>HVH</small> said to Abram ("exalted father"):
:"Go for yourself from your land, from your relatives, and from your father's house to the land I will show you. And I will make of you a great nation; I will bless you, and make your name great, and you shall be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and him who curse you I will curse; and all the families of the earth shall bless themselves by you."<br>
<b><small>''[B'reshit (Genesis) 12:14–17]''</small></b> —Y<small>HVH</small> said to Abram after Lot had parted from him:
:"Now raise your eyes and look out from where you are: northward, southward, eastward, and westward. For all the land that you see, to you will I give it, and to your descendants forever. I will make your offspring as the dust of the earth so that if one can count the dust of the earth, then your offspring, too, can be counted. Arise, walk about the land through its length and breadth! For to you will I give it."
<b><small>''[B'reshit (Genesis) 17:1–17]''</small></b> —When ''Abram'' was ninety-nine years old, Y<small>HVH</small> appeared to Abram and said to him:
:"I am 'E<small>L</small> S<small>HADDAI</small>'; walk before M<small>E</small>, this is M<small>Y</small> covenant with you: You shall be a father of a multitude of nations; your name shall no longer be called ''Abram'', but your name shall be ''Abraham'', for I have made you the father of a multitude of nations; I will make you most exceedingly fruitful, and make nations of you; and kings shall descend from you. I will ratify M<small>Y</small> covenant between M<small>E</small> and you and between your offspring after  you; and I will give to you and your offspring after you the land of your sojourns.
|}⏎
⏎
==Birth and Family of Abram==

{| class="wikitable" 
|- 
! Antediluvian<br>Patriarchs !! Birth (A.M.) !! Age @<br>first born !! Subseq.<br>Years !! Death !! Total (A.M.)
|- 
| Adam || 0 || 130 || 800 || 930 || 930
|- 
(contracted; show full)ns&source=bl&ots=aFute0p0_x&sig=ES0qi7jA4zyCXLIMs3sac2cyvOg&hl=en&ei=wSYLTavKBsnprAfZuenxCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Abraham&f=false "Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible", K. van der Toorn, Bob Becking, Pieter Willem van der Horst (eds) (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing), pp.3–4]</ref> Some oral traditions, however, may still hold an earlier history.<ref name="books.google.com.au"/>