Difference between revisions 4386312 and 4386319 on enwikisource

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 | section  = Proofreading guide 
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{{TOCcenter}}

==Intro= Comments on the contents ===

For students of science, technology and social history, the publication provides a fascinating view through the window of the printed word, and what a view it is. To read the articles promulgated by the great minds of 19th century, the depth and diverse range of subjects covered is a mine, of pure gold. The language, the terminology, and the spelling of the day, coupled with an occasional tone of condescension employed in addressing the reading audience, enhances the experience.

The publication aimed to reach a wide audience by disseminating information, and publicizing issues of wide ranging interest for the emerging 19th century middle class thirsty for knowledge. The novel approach of fusing the perceived desire of the public, and serving as a platform for the dissemination of academic thought, was well received.

Of great interest is the level of scientific knowledge and the social issues of the day. It's somewhat eerie to read that the then prevailing views expressed on matters of public health, education, nutrition, employment, natural resources and pollution are still familiar in our time. The knowledge espoused range from the quaint to the surprisingly advanced, with many theories still in the process of being debated and formulated when this is written.

=== The typesetting ===

This document focuses on a proofreading strategy of {{TPSMProject}}. If you are new to the experience, [[Help:Side_by_side_image_view_for_proofreading|this link]] is best for comprehensive information on proofreading in general.

<div style="display:inline;">The size of the {{TPSMProject}} convinced this contributor that some standardized guide of formatting would be useful to expedite the proofreading process so that the contents can be enjoyed by those who visit Wikisource just for the pleasure of reading.</e display of increased confidence in the viability of the enterprise is palpable as indicated by proudly published reviews on [[Popular Science Monthly/Volume 1/June 1872/Press Reviews|on this page]] of the June 1872 issue. The positive reception by the press, the academic community, and the interested public. Subtle changes appear progressively after this issue. The typesetting style is progressively streamlined and displays increased professionalism.

The composition is progressively improved and the payoff for the Wikisource proofreader is the reduced frequency of typographical embellishments. The number of quotes, italics and em dashes used on the pages are no more than a couple per page, and that's good news. Of course there are some extreme exceptions, like idiosyncratic writing where the word "practical", enclosed in quotes, appears nine times on a single page.

After spending time at a daily paper, observing [[wikipedia:Linotype_machine|Linotype machines]] in operation, surrounded by typesetters and proofreaders at work, a sense of amazement is felt when one considers that these pages were manually set character by character, space by space, block by block, to a justified paragraph format, laid inversely and with very few errors.

=== Subject and style ===

While random sampling of articles by topic, an interesting relationship can be discerned between the article's subject, the typographical style, and even the word count per page. Articles on morality, religion, and religious thought, contain an increased number of typographical embellishments to emphasize their absolute, exhorting, admonishing and cautionary messages. This is indicated by an increased number of em—dashes, double quotes, single quotes, italics, and capitalized text. There is a lot of rolling of the holy.

== Introduction to proofreading ==

This document focuses on a proofreading strategy of {{TPSMProject}}. If you are new to the experience, [[Help:Side by side image view for proofreading|this link]] is best for comprehensive information on proofreading in general.

<div style="inline;">The size of the {{TPSMProject}} convinced this contributor that some standardized guide of formatting would be useful to expedite the proofreading process so that the contents can be enjoyed by those who visit Wikisource just for the pleasure of reading.<div>

These notes are spurred by the size of the project, considering that six months of a volume consist of approximately 900 pages, and then taking into account the number of volumes in the project. The attempt here is to describe a rationalized process of the hierarchical approach, while individual editing preferences are developed. They provide guidance with informational notes regarding issues that arise during proofreading.

(contracted; show full)|-
|Volume title page 1||{{ts|ac}}|No||From Volume 1 to Volume 47||[[:Template:TPSM|TPSM]]||||Page
|-
|Volume title page 2||{{ts|ac}}|No||From Volume 48 to Volume 56||[[:Template:TPSM2|TPSM2]]||||Page
|-
|Volume title page 3||{{ts|ac}}|No||From Volume 57 to Volume 87||[[:Template:TPSM3|TPSM3]]||||Page
|-
|
}
</center>

== Table of Contents ==

# Table of Contents entries are the names of the assembled article pages in the main namespace. While the article titles are uppercase, in the Table of Contents they are capitalized lowercase, except pronouns, prepositions, and conjunctions, which are lowercase, (unless they are the first word of the title).
# Article titles on the left are hyperlinks to the assembled page in the main namespace.
# The monthly headings are anchored {{colors|blue||<nowiki>{{anchor|May 1872}}</nowiki>}} for direct access to the section from the namespace article.


{{PSMLayoutTop}}
{|
|width="400px"|
|width="200px"|
|-
|colspan="2"|{{center|[[Popular Science Monthly/Volume 1|Table of Contents]]}}
|-
|colspan="2"|{{anchor|May 1872}}{{center|May 1872}}
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Article 1]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|101]]
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Article 2]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|115]]
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Article 3]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|130]]
|-
|colspan="2"|{{center|Recurring monthly features}}
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Editor's Table]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|140]]
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Literary Notices]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|160]]
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Summary]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|170]]
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Notes]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|180]]
|-
|colspan="2"|{{center|One per volume}}
|-
|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|Index ]]
|align="right"|[[User:Ineuw/xxx|800]]
|-
|}
{{PSMLayoutBottom}}Volume title page 4||{{ts|ac}}|No||From Volume 87 to ?||[[:Template:TPSM4|TPSM4]]||||Page
|-
|}
</center>

=== Section tags ===

A simple alphanumeric coding is devised for the section begin and end tag codes, when two articles begin and end on the same page.

The scheme greatly simplifies section coding when proofreading, and when referencing the section codes during final page assembly in the main namespace. In the context of this project, this scheme cannot cause a section tag conflict.

(contracted; show full)# Proofread for ambiguous text missed by the spell check. They may be incorrectly rendered scientific, technical, or currency symbols like, fractions '½', degrees '°', or currency '£' symbols.
# Aside from formatted titles, some articles use CAPITALIZED and {{sc|Small caps}} to emphasize their point.

Select the yellow radio button to indicate 'Proofread' and save the edits.

== Managing images ==


Before processing an image, 
[http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=&fulltext=Search search Wikimedia for images]], under  <nowiki>[[Category:Popular Science Monthly illustrations]]</nowiki><br /> category.

=== A handy toolbar button for images ===

This javascript creates the code element and spacing for inserting an image in the text.

<pre>
 if (mwCustomEditButtons) {
  mwCustomEditButtons[mwCustomEditButtons.length] = {
      "imageFile": "",
      "speedTip": " V3 ",
      "tagOpen": '[[File:|frameless|center|350px|]]\n\n{{c|{{sc|Fig. ',
      "tagClose": '. ',
      "sampleText": ""};
 };
 <br />
 <br />

 <br />
 
</pre>

=== Image preparation and naming ===

# Copy and paste the page into an image editor.
# Reduce image by cropping the surrounding blank area, leaving the Fig. no. and the caption in the image, if exists.
# If necessary, resize the image to improve clarity.
# Save the image in .JPG format on the local drive, using the following naming convention:

         PSM = Project indicator followed by space
         V01 = 2 digit Volume number followed by space
        D587 = Djvu number scan page number followed by space
 Description = Niagara falls region

Putting it together, the file name is '''PSM V01 D587 Niagara falls region.jpg''', and it can be viewed on [[Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 1.djvu/587]].

=== Image upload template ===

Images are stored on Wikimedia Commons and can only be uploaded by registered users. [http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&uselang=fromwikimedia Use this form for uploading images].

Copy and paste these two templates and the category as is. This template uses the 'REVISIONUSER' magic word and should display your ''userid''.

;For each image
# Change the 'Description'.
# Edit the 'Source' URL page number.
# Be sure that the Commons category is included. The image below is [[:File:TPSMV1P587 Fig 4.jpg]] and is categorized as [[commons:Category:Popular_Science_Monthly_illustrations/Volume_1|Category:Popular Science Monthly illustrations/Volume 1]].
 
;For each volume
# Edit the year. Where the Volume spans two years, indicate as 1872-73.
# Change the Category Vulume number.

<pre>
{{Information
  |Description    = Map of the Region or Niagara Falls
  |Source         = http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Popular_Science_Monthly_Volume_1.djvu/587
  |Date           = 1872
  |Author         = Unknown
  |Permission     = {PD-old}}
  |other_versions =
 }}<br />

 <br />
 [[Category:Popular Science Monthly illustrations/Volume 1]]
</pre>=== Image naming and preparation ===

=== Using the image upload wizard ===

Images are stored on Wikimedia Commons and can only be uploaded by registered users. [http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&uselang=fromwikimedia Use this form for uploading images].

=== Image category selection ===

An image being uploaded to the Commons must include the Volume sub category found grouped under the 
[[commons:Category:Popular_Science_Monthly_illustrations|Popular Science Monthly illustrations Main category]]. For example: [[commons:Category:Popular_Science_Monthly_illustrations/Volume_5|This link shows all images from Volume 5]].

Additional categories about the image are helpful and [[commons:Special:Categories|THIS PAGE]] is the search page for the extensive Wikimedia categories list.

=== Proofreading tools ===

The preference is that the Wiki editor should be able to do all the operations, but it's not yet possible. External editors are used to perform the outlined process, and open source software is desirable, but this is not always possible or convenient.

⏎
⏎
{{center|Template summary to be pasted into a text file for quick reference}}

 <nowiki>[[File:}}xxx.jpg|frameless|center|350px|]]</nowiki> with <nowiki>{{center|{{fs|80%|xxx}}}}⏎
 </nowiki> OR <nowiki>{{center|{{sc|xxx}}}}</nowiki> for image description.
 <nowiki>{{User annotation|xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{center|xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{dropinitial|x}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{font-size|nnn%|xxx}} or {{fs|nnn%|xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{gap}} or {{gap|nnnem}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{PSM rule}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{hanging indent|{{sc|xxx}}xxx}}}} or {{hi|{{sc|xxx}}xxx}}}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{hwe|xxx|xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{hws|xxx|xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{inuse}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{largeinitial|content|}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{para indent||xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{rule}} or {{rule|nn%}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{sc|xxx}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{sic}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{smallrefs}}</nowiki>

 <nowiki>{{PSMLayoutTop}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{PSMLayoutBottom}}</nowiki>
 <nowiki>{{PSMPage1Title|xxx}}</nowiki>

=== Text editors ===

Any text editor with a spell check dictionary, and preferably with a keyboard macro recorder,
can be used.

US English dictionary is sufficient, although, if multiple dictionaries are possible, then medical and scientific dictionaries would be the additional choices. An alphabetic list of archaic spellings and proper names collected from Volume 1, can be found [[Wikisource:WikiProject Popular Science Monthly/Archaic spellings|on this page]].

All of the unsupervised tasks listed previously, are instantly performed by a single macro. In addition, frequently used template and HTML cod, (preferably with a spell check dictionary and a keyboard macro feature), can be used.

US English dictionary is sufficient, although, if multiple dictionaries are possible, then scientific / academic dictionaries would be good additional choices. An alphabetic list of archaic spellings and proper names collected from Volume 1, can be found [[Wikisource:WikiProject Popular Science Monthly/Archaic spellings|on this page]], although the list need to be cleaned up.

All of the unsupervised tasks listed previously, are instantly performed by a single macro. In addition, frequently used templates can be assigned to keyboard macros.

=== Image editor ===

The editor is used to trim excessive blank space surrounding the image and save it as a .JPG file. Image clarity of drawings doesn't improve by changing the pixel size, and photos didn't appear in print until 1880.

=== Conversion tools ===

* [[wikipedia:Help:WordToWiki|MS Word HTML format to Wiki]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:WordToWiki MS Word HTML format to Wiki]

*[http://excel2wiki.net/ MS Excel format to Wiki table]

=== Dictionaries ===

* [[wiktionary:Wiktionary:Main_Page|Wiktionary]]
* [http://translate.google.com/translate_t# Google Translate]
* [http://babelfish.altavista.com/tr Babel Fish translator]

== List of tasks to be done ==

Contents were moved to the [[Wikisource:WikiProject_Popular_Science_Monthly#To_do_list|
project to do list]], of tasks to be done.

== Comments on the contents ==

For students of science, technology, and social history, the publication provides a fascinating view through the window of the printed word, and what a view it is. To read the articles promulgated by the great minds of 19th century, the depth and diverse range of subjects covered is a mine, of pure gold. The language, the terminology, the spelling, the occasional tone of condescension employed in addressing the reading audience, enhances the experience.

The publication aimed to reach a wide audience by disseminating information, and publicizing issues of wide ranging interest for the emerging 19th century middle class thirsty for knowledge. The novel approach of fusing the perceived desire of the public, and serving as a platform for the dissemination of academic thought, was well received.

Of great interest is the level of scientific knowledge and the social issues of the day. It's somewhat eerie to read that the then prevailing views expressed on matters of public health, education, nutrition, employment, natural resources and pollution, are still familiar in our time. The knowledge espoused range from the quaint to the surprisingly advanced, with many theories still in the process of being debated and formulated.

=== The typesetting ===

The display of increased confidence in the viability of the enterprise is palpable as indicated by proudly published reviews on [[Popular Science Monthly/Volume 1/June 1872/Press Reviews|on this page]] of the June 1872 issue. The positive reception by the press, the academic community, and the interested public. Subtle changes appear progressively after this issue. the typesetting style is progressively streamlined and displays increased professionalism.

The composition is improved and the payoff for the proofreader is the reduced frequency of typographical embellishments. The number of quotes, italics and em dashes used on the pages can generally be said to be no more than one or two each per page, and that's good news. Of course there are some extreme exceptions, like idiosyncratic writing where the word "practical", enclosed in quotes, appears nine times on a single page.

After spending time at a daily paper, observing [[wikipedia:Linotype_machine|Linotype machines]] in operation, surrounded by typesetters and proofreaders at work, a sense of amazement is felt when one considers that these pages were manually set letter by letter, space by space, block by block, to a justified paragraph format, inversely, and with very few errors.

=== Subject and style ===

While random sampling of articles by topic, an interesting relationship can be discerned between the article's subject, the typographical style, and even the word count per page. Articles on morality, religion and religious thought, contain an increased number of typographical embellishments to emphasize their admonishing and cautionary messages. This is indicated by an increased number of em—dashes, double quotes, single quotes, italics, and capitalized text. There is a lot of rolling of the holyMain namespace ==

=== Table of Contents ===

# Table of Contents are the article titles of the main namespace. While the original article titles are uppercase, the web pages and the Table of Contents are capitalized lowercase, except pronouns, prepositions and conjunctions which are lowercase, unless they are the first word of the title.