Difference between revisions 1696232 and 1696235 on enwikiversity

[[Image:Detectors summary 3.png|thumb|right|200px|This tree diagram shows the relationship between types and classification of most common particle detectors. Credit: [[commons:User:Wdcf|Wdcf]].]]
'''Radiation detectors''' provide a signal that is converted to an electric current. The device is designed so that the current provided is proportional to the characteristics of the incident radiation.

(contracted; show full)
|title=Big Bear Solar Observatory - Causeway
|url=http://www.bbso.njit.edu/new_tour/causeway.html
|publisher=Big Bear Solar Observatory
|accessdate=2012-01-15 }}</ref> The water provides a cooling effect on the atmosphere surrounding the building and eliminates ground heat radiation waves that normally would cause optical aberrations."<ref name="BigBearSolarObservatory"/>
{{clear}}

===Underground===

{{main|Distances/Depths/Underground|Underground depths}}
"Neutrino detectors [such as the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory shown in neutrino detectors] are often built underground to isolate the detector from [[w:cosmic ray|cosmic ray]]s and other background radiation.<ref name="twsP14">{{cite web
 |author= Ian Sample
 |title= The hunt for neutrinos in the Antarctic, In: ''The Guardian''
 |date= 23 January 2011
 |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/jan/23/neutrino-cosmic-rays-south-pole
 |accessdate= 2011-06-16 }}</ref>"<ref name="NeutrinoDetector"/>

===Under ice===
{{main|Distances/Depths/Under ices|Under-ice depths}}
"IceCube [under the ice at the [[w:Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station|Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station]] in [[w:Antarctica|Antarctica]] ] contains thousands of spherical optical sensors called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), each with a [[w:photomultiplier tube|photomultiplier tube]] (PMT)<ref name="Abbasi">{{cite journal
 |author=R. Abbasi ''et al.'' (IceCube Collaboration)
 |year=2010
 |title=Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube
 |journal = Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
 | volume = 618| pages= 139–152
 | doi = 10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102
 |arxiv=1002.2442
 |bibcode=2010NIMPA.618..139A }}</ref>
and a single board data acquisition computer which sends digital data to the counting house on the surface above the array.<ref name="Abbasi09">{{cite journal
 |author=R. Abbasi ''et al.'' (IceCube Collaboration)
 |year=2009
 |title=The IceCube Data Acquisition System: Signal Capture, Digitization, and Timestamping
 |journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
 |volume=601 |pages=294–316
 |doi=10.1016/j.nima.2009.01.001
 |bibcode = 2009NIMPA.601..294T
 |arxiv=0810.4930 }}</ref>"<ref name="IceCubeNeutrinoObservatory">{{cite web
|title=IceCube Neutrino Observatory, In: ''Wikipedia''
|publisher=Wikimedia Foundation, Inc
|location=San Francisco, California
|month=August 10,
|year=2012
|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IceCube_Neutrino_Observatory
|accessdate=2012-08-23 }}</ref>

===Under water===
{{main|Distances/Depths/Under waters|Under-water depths}}
"'''ANTARES''' is the name of a [[w:neutrino detector|neutrino detector]] residing 2.5&nbsp;km under the [[w:Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean Sea]] off the coast of Toulon, France. It is designed to be used as a directional ''Neutrino Telescope'' to locate and observe neutrino flux from cosmic origins in the direction of the [[w:Southern Hemisphere|Southern Hemisphere]] of the [[Earth]], a complement to the southern hemisphere neutrino detector [[w:(contracted; show full)[[Category:Materials sciences/Lectures]]
[[Category:Physics/Lectures]]
[[Category:Radiation astronomy/Lectures]]
[[Category:Resources last modified in July 2016]]
[[Category:Technology/Lectures]]
{{article}}

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