== ''[[tug]]'' ==
How close is German ''[[Zug]]'' to English ''[[tug]]''? --[[User:KYPark|KYPark]] ([[User talk:KYPark|talk]]) 14:12, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
<!-- {{:talk:Zug|tug}} -->
: The two words are distantly related. I see that {{term|tug}} is missing an Etymology, so I will add it. I will try and work in some information about {{term|Zug}} if I can. [[User:Leasnam|Leasnam]] ([[User talk:Leasnam|talk]]) 15:21, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
:: Thanks in advance, whatever your edit may be. --[[User:KYPark|KYPark]] ([[User talk:KYPark|talk]]) 15:38, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
:: Note that ''today'' I edited ''[[zogo]]'', ''[[herizogo]]'', and ''[[The Hague]]''. --[[User:KYPark|KYPark]] ([[User talk:KYPark|talk]]) 16:25, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
::: I can't find anything about its origin beyond that it comes from a base Germanic stem *tug- and is related to Old English {{term|teon|lang=ang}}, both from the IE root *dewk-. {{User:CodeCat/signature}} 16:33, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
::::Dutch {{term|teug|lang=nl}} is related, too. It's from Middle Dutch ''toghe'', ''tueghe'', from the same {{proto|Germanic|tugi-|lang=}}. --[[User:MaEr|MaEr]] ([[User talk:MaEr|talk]]) 17:10, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
::::: Yes and that also gave Old English {{term|tyge|lang=ang}}. {{User:CodeCat/signature}} 17:28, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::This is a large family of words: others include {{term|team}}, {{term|tie}}, {{term|tow}}, and even {{term|educate}}! [[User:Leasnam|Leasnam]] ([[User talk:Leasnam|talk]]) 17:50, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::I've added an etymology, but I've restricted it to only those words which are immediately related. Otherwise, it could go on for days. [[User:Leasnam|Leasnam]] ([[User talk:Leasnam|talk]]) 17:51, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::: I've created {{termx|dewk-|lang=ine-pro}} now, feel free to add descendants to it! {{User:CodeCat/signature}} 17:52, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::: This is partly due to [[w:Verner's Law]]. Is there an appropriate way to work this into the etymologies somewhere? [[User:Chuck Entz|Chuck Entz]] ([[User talk:Chuck Entz|talk]]) 17:58, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
:::::::: I don't think that would really be useful unless we also want a set a precedent to add similar phonological notes to most of our etymologies. And I think that goes outside the scope of Wiktionary. {{User:CodeCat/signature}} 18:00, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
::::::::: Perhaps we could set up appendices for sound changes, since they're as much a part of etymologies as reconstructed roots. Of course, there would have to be allowance for showing that much is still a matter of debate, including alternate versions. [[User:Chuck Entz|Chuck Entz]] ([[User talk:Chuck Entz|talk]]) 18:18, 25 May 2012 (UTC)
Our etymology for {{term|doceo}} refers to a different root, but do you think that perhaps those roots are related? --[[User:Metaknowledge|Μετάknowledge]]<small><sup>''[[User talk:Metaknowledge|discuss]]/[[Special:Contributions/Metaknowledge|deeds]]''</sup></small> 22:01, 31 May 2012 (UTC)
: I don't think there is that much information on whether different roots are related. Usually roots are the elemental building blocks for words so there is no real relationship. Sometimes there are different forms of a root (like {{termx|h₂weg-|lang=ine-pro}} and {{termx|h₂ewg-|lang=ine-pro}}) but that is sporadic and not a regular change. {{User:CodeCat/signature}} 22:47, 31 May 2012 (UTC)
:: May I feel free here to confess my view or prejudice? To me, words are far more related than the orthodox or positivist etymology formally acknowledges. The implicit, hidden aspect of everything exposes the positivist weakest link. I clearly asked if ''[[Zug]]'' is akin to ''[[tug]]'', while unclearly or implicitly if either is akin to ''[[duge]]'' or the like. Undoubted is the sure relatedness anyway. What remains is historicity, how they came to be related. We all appear shipwrecked here. My breakthrough here is to make and take the best, Achilles guess, maybe a sort of interpretivism. --[[User:KYPark|KYPark]] ([[User talk:KYPark|talk]]) 13:29, 2 June 2012 (UTC)
::: I think you mean {{term|lang=en|duke}}, in English, meaning "a rank of nobility". {{term|duge}} is apparently a form of the Danish word {{term|lang=da|dug}}, meaning "[[dew]]". -- [[User:Eirikr|Eiríkr Útlendi]] │ <small style="position: relative; top: -3px;">''[[User talk:Eirikr|Tala við mig]]''</small> 03:22, 3 June 2012 (UTC)
:::: Oh i'm so sorry to mistake Danish {{term|lang=da|duge}} carelessly for Italian {{term|lang=it|duce}} or Venetian {{term|lang=en|doge}}, cognate to English {{term|lang=en|duke}}, which evolved from the informal title of an army or war leader to the formal of a prince. Similar appears the case with German {{term|lang=de|Kriegsherr}} translated into English {{term|lang=en|warlord}}, etc. One implication may be that German {{term|lang=de|Herzog}} is synonymous partly to Latin {{term|lang=la|dux}} "war leader" cf. ''[[w:dux bellorum]]'' in the archaic sense and partly to English {{term|lang=en|duke}} "prince" in the later. --[[User:KYPark|KYPark]] ([[User talk:KYPark|talk]]) 02:03, 5 June 2012 (UTC)
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