Revision 16959456 of "Appendix:List of Proto-Indo-European roots/s" on enwiktionary

{| class="wikitable" style="border:1px; background-color: #f7f8ff"
|- style="background-color: #e6e9ff"
! style="width: 15em" | Root !! style="width: 15em" | Meaning !! Derivatives
|-
| {{termx|(s)mey-|lang=ine-pro}} || to laugh || '''''OCS''''' smĕj{{Unicode|ǫ}}, '''''Russ.''''' [[смеяться]] (smejat'sja), '''''Skr.''''' [[स्मयते]] (smayate), '''''Lith.''''' smagintis, '''''Ltv.''''' smaids, '''''Toch.''''' smi/smi, '''''Lat.''''' mīrus, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|μεῖδος|tr=meidos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' míad/, '''''Polish''''' śmiech, '''''Eng.''''' smearcian/smirk
|-
| {{termx|(s)mer-|lang=ine-pro}} || to remember || '''''Eng.''''' murnan/mourn, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्मरति]] (smarati), '''''Av.''''' smaraiti, '''''Lat.''''' [[memor]], '''''Ir.''''' airmmert/, '''''Welsh''''' armerth, '''''Gaul.''''' Smerius, '''''Goth.''''' maúrnan, '''''ON''''' Mímir, '''''Gm.''''' mornēn/, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|μέρμερος|tr=mermeros|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|մորմոք|tr=mormokʿ}}, '''''Lith.''''' pamiršti, '''''Kurd.''''' bír
|-
| {{termx|(s)neh₁-|lang=ine-pro}} || to spin || '''''Ltv.''''' snāte, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्नायति]] (snāyati), '''''Ir.''''' snáthat/snáthad, '''''Eng.''''' n{{Unicode|ǣ}}dl/needle, '''''Gm.''''' nādala/Nadel, '''''Goth.''''' nēþla, '''''ON''''' nál, '''''Russ.''''' [[нить]] (nit'), '''''Lat.''''' neō, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|νήθω|tr=nēθō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Welsh''''' nodwydd
|-
| {{termx|(s)táwros|lang=ine-pro}}, {{termx|(s)téh₂wros|lang=ine-pro}} || bison, bull || '''''Av.''''' staora, '''''Goth.''''' stiur, '''''Lith.''''' tauras, '''''Ltv.''''' tauriņš, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ταῦρος|tr=tauros|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Gaul.''''' Tarbos, '''''OCS''''' turu, '''''Russ.''''' [[тур]] (tur), '''''Polish''''' tur, '''''Eng.''''' steor/steer, '''''Gm.''''' stior/Stier, '''''Old Prussian''''' tauris, '''''Welsh''''' tarw, '''''ON''''' stjórr, [[þjórr]], '''''Lat.''''' [[taurus]], '''''Oscan''''' turuf, '''''Alb.''''' taroç, '''''Ir.''''' tarb/
|-
| {{termx|(s)teg-|lang=ine-pro}} || to cover || '''''Gk.''''' {{term|στέγω|tr=stegō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' tegō, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्थगति]] (sthagati), '''''Lith.''''' stogas, '''''Ltv.''''' stags, '''''Ir.''''' tech/teach, '''''Gm.''''' thecken/decken, '''''Eng.''''' þæc/thatch, '''''ON''''' þekja, '''''Russ.''''' [[стог]] (stog), '''''Polish''''' stóg, '''''Old Prussian''''' stogis, '''''Umbrian''''' tehteřim, '''''Welsh''''' ty
|-
| {{termx|(s)teh₂i-|(s)teh₂-i-|lang=ine-pro}} || to hide || '''''Skr.''''' [[स्तायत्]] (stāyat), '''''Av.''''' tāyu, '''''Russ.''''' [[таить]] (tait'), '''''Ir.''''' táid/, '''''Hitt.''''' tayezzi, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|τηΰσιος|tr=tēüsios|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}/, '''''Toch.''''' /enestai
|-
| {{termx|(s)ter-|lang=ine-pro}} || sterile || '''''Gk.''''' {{term|στεῖρα|tr=steira|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' sterilis, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|ստերջ|tr=sterǰ}}, '''''Alb.''''' shtjerre, '''''Gm.''''' stero/, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्तरी]] (starī), '''''Goth.''''' stairō, '''''Eng.''''' stierc/, '''''Bulg.''''' sterica
|-
| {{termx|(sm̥-)ǵʰéslo-|lang=ine-pro}} || thousand || '''''Skr.''''' [[सहस्रम्]] (sahasram), '''''Av.''''' hazarəm, '''''Pers.''''' /hāzar, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|χίλιοι|tr=khilioi|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' mīlle, '''''Toch.''''' wälts/yaltse
|-
| {{termx|saws-|lang=ine-pro}} <!-- or maybe adjective *sawsós, given that that's the POS of most reflexes?--> || to dry || '''''Alb.''''' tha, '''''Lith.''''' sausa, '''''Ltv.''''' sauss, '''''Old Prussian''''' sausā, '''''Eng.''''' sēar/sear, '''''Gm.''''' sōrēn/—, '''''Skr.''''' [[शुष्यति]] (śu{{Unicode|ṣ}}yati), '''''Av.''''' haoš, '''''Pers.''''' uška/xošk, '''''Russ.''''' [[сухой]] (suxoj), '''''Gk.''''' {{term|αὗος|tr=hauos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}/, '''''Lat.''''' sūdus
|-
| {{termx|sed-|lang=ine-pro}} || to sit || '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrl|сѣдѣти|tr=sěděti|lang=cu}}, '''''Russ.''''' [[сидеть]] (sidet'), '''''Polish''''' siedzieć, '''''Lat.''''' [[sedeo|sedeō]], '''''Lith.''''' sėdėti, '''''Ltv.''''' sēdēt, '''''Gaul.''''' essedum, '''''Eng.''''' sittan/sit, '''''Gm.''''' sizzan/sitzen; sezzal/, '''''ON''''' sitja, '''''Goth.''''' sitan, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἕζομαι|tr=hezomai|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}/, '''''Ir.''''' saidim/suidh, '''''Welsh''''' seddu, '''''Skr.''''' {{term|sc=Deva|सीदति|tr=sīdati|lang=sa}}, '''''Av.''''' nišaðayeiti, '''''Pers.''''' niyašayadan/nešastan, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|նիստ|tr=nist}}, '''''Old Prussian''''' sīdons, '''''Umbrian''''' sersitu, '''''Toch.''''' sätk/
|-
| {{termx|segʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || to hold || '''''Skr.''''' [[सहते]] (sahate), '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἔχω|tr=ekhō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Gm.''''' sigu/Sieg, '''''ON.''''' sigr, '''''Eng.''''' sige/—
|-
| {{termx|seh₁-|lang=ine-pro}} || to sow || '''''Russ.''''' [[сеять]]; [[семя]] (seyat'; semja), '''''Lith.''''' sėti, '''''Ltv.''''' sēt, '''''Eng.''''' sāwan/sow, '''''Old Prussian''''' semen, '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrl|сѣти|tr=sěti|lang=cu}}, '''''Gm.''''' sāen/säen, '''''ON''''' sá, '''''Goth.''''' saian, '''''Lat.''''' serere, '''''Umbrian''''' semenies, '''''Polish''''' siać, '''''Welsh''''' hil, '''''Ir.''''' sí/síol, '''''Toch.''''' sāry/, '''''Hitt.''''' sai, '''''Skr.''''' [[सायक]] (sāyaka), '''''Umbrian''''' semenies
|-
| {{termx|seh₁i-|lang=ine-pro}} || to sift || '''''Alb.''''' shosh, '''''Lith.''''' sietas, '''''Ltv.''''' siets, '''''Ir.''''' sithlad/síolthughadh, '''''Welsh''''' hidl, '''''ON''''' sáld, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἠθέω|tr=ētheō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Russ.''''' [[сито]] (sito), '''''Polish''''' sito, '''''OCS''''' sito
|-
| {{termx|seh₂g-|lang=ine-pro}} || to seek out || '''''Hitt.''''' šak(k), '''''Eng.''''' s{{Unicode|ǣ}}can/beseech, '''''Gm.''''' suohhen/suchen, '''''Goth.''''' sōkjan, '''''ON''''' sǿkja, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἡγέομαι|tr=hēgeomai|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' saigim/, '''''Welsh''''' haeddu, '''''Lat.''''' sagīre
|-
| {{termx|sekʷ-|lang=ine-pro}} || to follow || '''''Lat.''''' sequor, '''''Lith.''''' sekti, '''''Ltv.''''' sekt, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἕπομαι|tr=hepomai|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' sech/seach, '''''Welsh''''' hep, '''''ON''''' seggr, '''''Skr.''''' [[सचते]] (sacate), '''''Av.''''' hačaitē, '''''Eng.''''' secg/—, '''''Pers.''''' hačā/, '''''Toch.''''' säk/, '''''Alb.''''' shoh, '''''Gm.''''' beinsegga/
|-
| {{termx|selp-|lang=ine-pro}} || butter || '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}älyp/{{Unicode|ṣ}}alype, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἔλπος|tr=elpos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Hitt.''''' salpa-, '''''Alb.''''' gjalpë, '''''Skr.''''' [[सर्पिस्]] (sarpis), '''''Eng.''''' sealf/salve, '''''Osset.''''' carv/, '''''Pers.''''' /čarbi, '''''Gm.''''' salba/Salbe, '''''Goth.''''' salbon
|-
| {{termx|sem-|lang=ine-pro}} || summer || '''''Skr.''''' [[समा]] (samā), '''''Eng.''''' sumor/summer, '''''Av.''''' ham, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|ամառն|tr=amaṙn}}, '''''Gm.''''' sumar/Sommer, '''''ON''''' sumar, '''''Welsh''''' haf, '''''Ir.''''' samrad/samhradh, '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}me/{{Unicode|ṣ}}māye
|-
| {{termx|sḗm|lang=ine-pro}}, {{termx|sm̥-|lang=ine-pro}} [prefix] || one, together || '''''Lat.''''' semel, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|մի|tr=mi}}, '''''Alb.''''' gjithë, '''''Lith.''''' sa, '''''Eng.''''' sum/some, '''''Gm.''''' saman/zusammen, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|εἷς|tr=heis|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Hitt.''''' san, '''''Av.''''' hakeret, '''''Ir.''''' samail/samhail, '''''Lyc.''''' sñta, '''''Kamviri''''' sâ~, '''''Pers.''''' hama/hamin, '''''Russ.''''' [[сам]] (sam), '''''Skr.''''' [[सकृत्]] (sak{{Unicode|ṛ}}t), '''''Toch.''''' sas/{{Unicode|ṣ}}e, '''''Welsh''''' hafal, '''''ON''''' sami, '''''Goth.''''' sama
|-
| {{termx|semi-|lang=ine-pro}} || half || '''''Lat.''''' sēmis, '''''Gm.''''' sami/—, '''''Eng.''''' sām-/sand-blind, '''''Goth.''''' sami-, '''''Skr.''''' [[समि]] (sami), '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἥμισυς|tr=hēmisus|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Kamviri''''' sâmaũ, ''''Alb.'''' gjysmë
|-
| {{termx|sénos|lang=ine-pro}} || old || '''''Lat.''''' senex, '''''Lith.''''' senas, '''''Ltv.''''' sens, '''''Gaul.''''' Senognatus, '''''ON''''' sina, '''''Skr.''''' [[सन]] (sana), '''''Av.''''' hana, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|հին|tr=hin}}, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἕνος|tr=henos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Welsh''''' hyn, '''''Goth.''''' sineigs, '''''Ir.''''' sen/sean
|-
| {{termx|septḿ̥|lang=ine-pro}} || seven || '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|եաւթն|tr=eawtʿn}}, '''''Alb.''''' shtatë/shtatë, '''''Lith.''''' septyni, '''''Ltv.''''' septiņi, '''''Gaul.''''' sextan, '''''Gm.''''' sibun/sieben, '''''Eng.''''' seofon/seven, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἑπτά|tr=hepta|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Av.''''' hapta, '''''Ir.''''' secht/seacht, '''''Hitt.''''' šipta-, '''''Kashmiri''''' sath, '''''Kamviri''''' sut, '''''Lat.''''' septem, '''''Oscan''''' {{term|sc=Ital|𐌔𐌄𐌚𐌕𐌄𐌍|tr=seften|lang=osc}}, '''''ON''''' sjau, '''''Old Prussian''''' septīnjai, '''''Osset.''''' avd/avd, '''''Pers.''''' /haft, '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrl|сєдмь|tr=sedmĭ|lang=cu}}, '''''Polish''''' siedem, '''''Russ.''''' [[семь]] (sem'), '''''Skr.''''' {{term|sc=Deva|सप्तन्|tr=saptán|lang=sa}}, '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}pät/{{Unicode|ṣ}}ukt, '''''Goth.''''' sibun, '''''Welsh''''' saith
|-
| {{termx|septm̥ḱómth₂|septm̥-ḱómt-h₂|lang=ine-pro}} || seventy || '''''Lat.''''' septuāgintā, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἑβδομήκοντα|tr=hebdomēkonta|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' /seachtó, '''''Skr.''''' [[सप्तति]] (saptati)
|-
| {{termx|serpe-|lang=ine-pro}} || to creep || '''''Alb.''''' gjarpër/gjarpën, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἕρπω|tr=herpō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' serpō, '''''Skr.''''' [[सृप्]] (s{{Unicode|ṛ}}p), '''''Kashmiri''''' so.rūph
|-
| {{termx|sewyós|lang=ine-pro}} || left (direction), left-hand || '''''Skr.''''' [[सव्य]] (savya), '''''Welsh''''' aswy, '''''Av.''''' haoya, '''''Toch.''''' —/saiwai, '''''OCS''''' šujĭ
|-
| {{termx|skand-|lang=ine-pro}} || to leap || '''''Skr.''''' [[स्कन्दति]] (skandati), '''''Gk.''''' {{term|σκάνδαλον|tr=skandalon|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' scendim/scinn, '''''Lat.''''' scandere
|-
| {{termx|skap-|lang=ine-pro}} || tool || '''''Russ.''''' [[щепа]] (ščepa), '''''Lith.''''' kapoti, '''''Ltv.''''' kaplis, '''''Gm.''''' skaft/, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|σκεπάρνιον|tr=skeparnion|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' capus, '''''Pers.''''' /kāfad, '''''Alb.''''' kep, '''''Old Prussian''''' warnaycopo, '''''ON''''' skapt, '''''OCS''''' kopaj{{Unicode|ǫ}}
|-
| {{termx|(s)kend-|lang=ine-pro}} || to shine || '''''Alb.''''' hënë/hânë, '''''Middle Bret.''''' cann, '''''Welsh''''' cann, '''''Skr.''''' candra
|-
| {{termx|smek-|lang=ine-pro}} || chin || '''''Ir.''''' smech/smeach, '''''Lith.''''' smakras, '''''Ltv.''''' smakrs, '''''Skr.''''' [[श्मश्रु]] (śmaśru), '''''Hitt.''''' zamakur, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|մաւրուք|tr=mawrukʿ}}, '''''Alb.''''' mjekër, '''''Lat.''''' maxilla
|-
| {{termx|smeru-|lang=ine-pro}} || grease || '''''Ir.''''' smiur/, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|σμύρις|tr=smuris|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' medulla, '''''Gm.''''' smero/Schmer, '''''Welsh''''' mer, '''''Eng.''''' smerian/smear, '''''Polish''''' smar, '''''Toch.''''' /{{Unicode|ṣ}}mare, '''''Lith.''''' smarsas, '''''ON''''' smj{{Unicode|ǫ}}r, '''''Goth.''''' smaírþr
|-
| {{termx|sneygʷʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || (to) snow || '''''Lith.''''' sniegas, '''''Ltv.''''' sniegs, '''''Old Prussian''''' snaygis, '''''Russ.''''' [[снег]] (sneg), '''''Ir.''''' snechta/sneachta, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्नेह]] (sneha), '''''Eng.''''' snāw/snow, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|νίφα|tr=nipha|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Gm.''''' sneo/Schnee, '''''ON''''' snjór, '''''Goth.''''' snaiws, '''''Polish''''' śnieg, '''''Welsh''''' nyf, '''''Av.''''' snaēža, '''''Toch.''''' /śiñcatstse
|-
| {{termx|snewdʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || mist || '''''Av.''''' snaoða, '''''Welsh''''' nudd, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|νοῦθος|tr=nouthos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' nūbēs
|-
| {{termx|snusós|lang=ine-pro}} || daughter-in-law || '''''Skr.''''' [[स्नुषा]] (snu{{Unicode|ṣ}}ā), '''''Eng.''''' [[snoru]]/—, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|νυός|tr=nuos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' nurus, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|նու|tr=nu}}, '''''OCS''''' snŭxa, '''''Polish''''' snecha, '''''Russ.''''' [[сноха]] (snoxa), '''''Alb.''''' nusa, '''''Crimean Gothic''''' [[schuos]], '''''ON''''' snor, '''''Gm.''''' snur/Schnur
|-
| {{termx|sáls|lang=ine-pro}}, {{termx|séh₂ls|lang=ine-pro}} || salt || '''''Lat.''''' sāl, '''''Umbrian''''' salu, '''''Toch.''''' sāle/sālyiye, '''''Lith.''''' saldus, '''''Ltv.''''' sāļš, '''''Eng.''''' sealt/salt, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἅλς|tr=hals|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|աղ|tr=ał}}, '''''Ir.''''' salann/, '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrl|соль|tr=solĭ|lang=cu}}, '''''Russ.''''' [[соль]] (sol'), '''''Gm.''''' salz/Salz, '''''Polish''''' sól, '''''Welsh''''' halen, '''''Alb.''''' ngjelmët; gjelbson, '''''ON''''' salt, '''''Goth.''''' salt, '''''Old Prussian''''' sal, '''''Skr.''''' [[सलिल]] (salila), '''''Illyr.''''' Salapia
|-
| {{termx|s(w)okʷós|lang=ine-pro}} || sap, resin || '''''Alb.''''' gjak, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ὀπός|tr=opós|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Toch.''''' sak/sekwe, '''''Russ.''''' [[сок]] (sok), '''''Lith.''''' sakai, '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrs|сокъ|tr=sokŭ|lang=cu}}
|-
| {{termx|solwo-|lang=ine-pro}} || whole || '''''Toch.''''' salu/solme, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ὅλος|tr=holos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|ողջ|tr=ołǰ}}, '''''Ir.''''' slán/slán, '''''Alb.''''' gjallë, '''''Skr.''''' [[सर्व]] (sarva), '''''Av.''''' haurva, '''''Kamviri''''' sũdi, '''''Polish''''' sowity, '''''Welsh''''' holl, '''''Lat.''''' salvus, '''''Oscan''''' salavs, '''''Umbrian''''' saluvom, '''''Russ.''''' [[сулей]] (sulej), '''''Pers.''''' haluva/, '''''OCS''''' sulĕi
|-
| {{termx|sp(y)ew-|lang=ine-pro}} || to spit || '''''Lat.''''' spuere, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|πτύω|tr=ptuō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''OCS''''' pljuj{{Unicode|ǫ}}, '''''Lith.''''' spjauti, '''''Ltv.''''' spļaut, '''''Eng.''''' spiwan/spew, '''''Gm.''''' spīwan/speien, '''''ON''''' spýja, '''''Goth.''''' spiewan, '''''Skr.''''' [[ष्ठीवति]] ({{Unicode|ṣ}}{{Unicode|ṭ}}hīvati), '''''Av.''''' spāma, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|թուք|tr=tʿukʿ}}, '''''Pers.''''' /tuf, '''''Osset.''''' thu, '''''Russ.''''' [[плевать|плюю]] (pljuju), '''''Polish''''' pluć
|-
| {{termx|sperg-|lang=ine-pro}} || sparrow || '''''Gm.''''' sperk/sperling, '''''Eng.''''' spearwa/sparrow, '''''Goth.''''' sparwa, '''''ON''''' sp{{Unicode|ǫ}}rr, '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}pār/{{Unicode|ṣ}}pāra-, '''''Gk.''''' sparasion?, '''''Old Prussian''''' spurglis, '''''Pers.''''' /parasto, '''''Lat.''''' parra, '''''Umbrian''''' parfam, '''''Ir.''''' serriach/
|-
| {{termx|splenǵʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || spleen || '''''Gk.''''' {{term|σπλήν|tr=splēn|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' liēn, '''''Ir.''''' selg/sealg, '''''Av.''''' sparazan, '''''Skr.''''' [[प्लीहन्]] (plīhan), '''''Lith.''''' blužnis, '''''Old Prussian''''' blusne, '''''Kamviri''''' p{{Unicode|ṛ}}u, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|փայծաղն|tr=pʿaycałn}}, '''''OCS''''' slĕzena, '''''Russ.''''' [[селезёнка]] (selezjonka), '''''Polish''''' śledziona, '''''Bret.''''' felc'h
|-
| {{termx|srebʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || to gulp || '''''Lat.''''' sorbēo, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|արբենամ|tr=arbenam}}, '''''Alb.''''' gjerbë, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ῥοφέω|tr=rhopheō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' srub, '''''Lith.''''' srėbti, '''''Ltv.''''' surbt; surbju, '''''Russ.''''' [[сёрбать]] (sjorbat'), '''''Polish''''' siorbać
|-
| {{termx|steh₂-|lang=ine-pro}} || to stand || '''''Av.''''' hištaiti, '''''Skr.''''' [[तिष्ठति]] (ti{{Unicode|ṣ}}{{Unicode|ṭ}}hati), '''''Eng.''''' standan/stand, '''''Lat.''''' stō, '''''Umbrian''''' stahmei, '''''Oscan''''' staíet, '''''Lith.''''' stoti, '''''Ltv.''''' stāt, '''''Old Prussian''''' stacle, '''''OCS''''' stati, '''''Russ.''''' [[стать]] (stat'), '''''Gm.''''' stān/stehen, '''''Polish''''' stać, '''''Phryg.''''' eistani, '''''Goth.''''' standan, '''''ON''''' stóð, '''''Pers.''''' aištata/istādan, '''''Alb.''''' shtuara, '''''Welsh''''' gwastad, '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}tām/stām, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἵστημι|tr=histēmi|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Ir.''''' tá/tá, '''''Hitt.''''' išta, '''''Luw.''''' išta-, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|ստանամ|tr=stanam}}, '''''Lyc.''''' ta-
|-
| {{termx|steygʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || to stride, to step || '''''Alb.''''' shteg, '''''Lith.''''' stigti, '''''Ltv.''''' steigt, '''''Ir.''''' techt/teachd, '''''Welsh''''' taith, '''''Goth.''''' steigan, '''''ON''''' stígan, '''''Eng.''''' st{{Unicode|ǣ}}ger/stair, '''''Gm.''''' stīgan/steigen, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|στίχος|tr=stikhos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्तिघ्नोति]] (stighnoti), '''''Russ.''''' [[достигать]] (dostigat'), '''''Polish''''' ścigać, '''''OCS''''' postig{{Unicode|ǫ}}nti
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| {{termx|suh₁-|lang=ine-pro}} || swine || '''''Eng.''''' sū/sow, '''''Ltv.''''' sivēns, '''''Russ.''''' [[свин]] (svin), '''''Skr.''''' [[सूकर]] (sūkara), '''''Alb.''''' thi, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ὗς|tr=hus|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Gm.''''' sū/Sau, '''''Toch.''''' —/suwo, '''''Ir.''''' socc/soc, '''''Welsh''''' hwch, '''''Polish''''' świnia, '''''Lat.''''' sūs, '''''Umbrian''''' sif, '''''ON''''' sýr, '''''Goth.''''' swein, '''''Av.''''' hū
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| {{termx|suro-|lang=ine-pro}} || cheese || '''''Lith.''''' sūris, '''''Russ.''''' [[сыр]] (syr), '''''ON''''' surr, '''''Alb.''''' hirrë, '''''Polish''''' ser
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| {{termx|swe-|lang=ine-pro}} || [[self]], [[oneself]] (''third person reflexive enclitic pronoun'') || '''''Carian''''' sfes, '''''Lyd.''''' śfa-, '''''OPruss.''''' sien; sin, '''''Lith.''''' savo, '''''Latv''''' sevi, '''''Gm.''''' sih/sich; sin/sein, '''''Goth.''''' sik, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἑός|tr=heos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Skr.''''' sva, '''''OCS''''' se, '''''Phryg.''''' ve, '''''ON''''' sik; sinn, '''''Eng.''''' sīn/--, '''''Alb.''''' vetë, '''''Lat.''''' sē; sibi; suus, '''''Oscan''''' sífeí, '''''Umbrian''''' seso, '''''Av.''''' hva, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|ինքն|tr=inkʿn}}, '''''Russ.''''' {{term|себя|tr=sebja|lang=ru|sc=Cyrl}}
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| {{termx|swésōr|lang=ine-pro}} || sister || '''''Eng.''''' sweostor/sister, '''''Gm.''''' swester/Schwester, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वसृ]] (svas{{Unicode|ṛ}}), '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrl|сєстра|tr=sestra|lang=cu}}, '''''Russ.''''' [[сестра]] (sestra), '''''Polish''''' siostra, '''''Kamviri''''' sus, '''''Ir.''''' siur/siur, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|քոյր|tr=kʿoyr}}, '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}ar/{{Unicode|ṣ}}er, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἔορ|tr=eor|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}/—, '''''Lat.''''' soror. '''''Welsh''''' chwaer, '''''Gaul.''''' suiior, '''''ON''''' systir, '''''Goth.''''' swistar, '''''Av.''''' xva{{Unicode|ṅ}}har, '''''Lith.''''' sesuo, '''''Old Prussian''''' swestro, '''''Pers.''''' /xāhar
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| {{termx|swȇḱuros|lang=ine-pro}} || father-/mother-in-law || '''''Russ.''''' [[свекровь]] (svekrov'), '''''Skr.''''' [[श्वशुर]] (śvaśura); [[श्वश्रू]] (śvaśrū), '''''Lith.''''' šešuras, '''''Gm.''''' swigur/Schwieger, '''''Welsh''''' chwegr, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|սկեսուր|tr=skesur}}, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἑκυρός|tr=hekuros|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' socrus, '''''Alb.''''' vjehërr, '''''Kamviri''''' č.uč., '''''Eng.''''' swēor/—, '''''Av.''''' xvasura-, '''''Polish''''' świekra, '''''Goth.''''' swaíhrō, '''''ON''''' svǽra, '''''OCS''''' svekŭrŭ
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| {{termx|sweh₂du-|sweh₂d-u-|lang=ine-pro}} || sweet || '''''Eng.''''' swēte/sweet, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἡδύς|tr=hēdus|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' suāvis, '''''Gaul.''''' Suadurīx, '''''Gm.''''' suozi/süss, '''''ON''''' sötr, '''''Welsh''''' chwant, '''''Ir.''''' sant/, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वादु]] (svādu), '''''Lith.''''' sūdyti, '''''Av.''''' x{{unicode|ʷ}}āsta, '''''Goth.''''' sutis, '''''Toch.''''' swār/swāre
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| {{termx|swey-|lang=ine-pro}} || to whistle || '''''Russ.''''' [[свист]] (svist), '''''Lith.''''' švilpti, '''''Ltv.''''' svilpiens, '''''Skr.''''' [[क्ष्वेडति]] (k{{Unicode|ṣ}}ve{{Unicode|ḍ}}ati), '''''Ir.''''' ind fet/fead, '''''Welsh''''' chwythu, '''''Polish''''' świst, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|σίζω|tr=sizō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}/, '''''Lat.''''' sibāre, '''''Goth.''''' swiglōn, '''''Gm.''''' swegala/, '''''Eng.''''' swegalōn/, '''''OCS''''' svistati
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| {{termx|sweyd-|lang=ine-pro}} || sweat || '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|քիրտն|tr=kʿirtn}}, '''''Alb.''''' djersë, '''''Eng.''''' sw{{Unicode|ǣ}}tan/sweat, '''''Lith.''''' saldus, '''''Ltv.''''' sviedri, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वेदते]] (svedate), '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἱδρόω|tr=hidroō|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Lat.''''' sūdor, '''''Gm.''''' sweiz/Schweiss, '''''Welsh''''' chwys, '''''ON''''' sveiti, '''''Av.''''' xvaēda
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| {{termx|swel-|lang=ine-pro}} || to burn || '''''Ltv.''''' svelt, '''''Lith.''''' sveltu, '''''Goth.''''' swiltan, '''''ON''''' svalr, '''''Eng.''''' swelan, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἥλιος|tr=hēlios|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वरति]] (svarati), '''''Toch.''''' slam/sleme
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| {{termx|swep-|lang=ine-pro}} || sleep || '''''Lith.''''' sapnas, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वप्न]] (svapna), '''''Lat.''''' somnus, '''''ON''''' svefn, '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}pä{{Unicode|ṃ}}/{{Unicode|ṣ}}pane, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ὕπνος|tr=hupnos|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Av.''''' xvafna, '''''Ir.''''' suán/suan, '''''OCS''''' sunu, '''''Russ.''''' [[сон]] (son), '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|քուն|tr=kʿun}}, '''''Alb.''''' gjumë, '''''Welsh''''' hun, '''''Eng.''''' swefan/—, '''''Pers.''''' /xāb
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| {{termx|swep-|lang=ine-pro}} || to throw || '''''Lat.''''' supāre, '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वपू]] (svapū), '''''Lith.''''' supti, '''''Ltv.''''' šūpāt, '''''OCS''''' svepiti sę, '''''Russ.''''' [[сыпать]] (sypat'), '''''ON''''' sófl, '''''Polish''''' sypać
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| {{termx|swergʰ-|lang=ine-pro}} || to be ill || '''''Goth.''''' saurga, '''''Gm.''''' soraga/Sorge, '''''Skr.''''' [[सूर्क्षति]] (sūrk{{Unicode|ṣ}}ati), '''''Ir.''''' serg/, '''''Lith.''''' sirgti, '''''Ltv.''''' sirgt, '''''Eng.''''' sorg/sorrow, '''''ON''''' sorg, '''''Alb.''''' dergjet, '''''OCS''''' sraga, '''''Russ.''''' [[сорога]] (soroga), '''''Toch.''''' särk/sark, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|երկն|tr=erkn}}
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| {{termx|swéḱs|lang=ine-pro}} || six || '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|վեց|tr=vecʿ}}, '''''Alb.''''' gjashtë, '''''Lith.''''' šeši, '''''Ltv.''''' seši, '''''Gaul.''''' suex, '''''Gm.''''' sēhs/sechs, '''''Eng.''''' siex/six, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἕξ|tr=heks|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Av.''''' xš.uuaš, '''''Illyr.''''' ses-, '''''Ir.''''' sé/sé, '''''Kashmiri''''' śe, '''''Kamviri''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}u, '''''Lat.''''' sex, '''''Oscan''''' {{term|sc=Ital|𐌔𐌄𐌇𐌔|tr=sehs|lang=osc}}, '''''ON''''' sex, '''''Old Prussian''''' usjai, '''''Osset.''''' æxsæz/æxsæz, '''''Pers.''''' /šeš, '''''OCS''''' šestĭ, '''''Polish''''' sześć, '''''Russ.''''' [[шесть]] (šest'), '''''Skr.''''' [[षष्]] ({{Unicode|ṣ}}a{{Unicode|ṣ}}), '''''Toch.''''' {{Unicode|ṣ}}äk/{{Unicode|ṣ}}kas, '''''Umbrian''''' {{term|sc=Ital|𐌔𐌄𐌇𐌔|tr=sehs|lang=xum}}, '''''Goth.''''' saihs, '''''Welsh''''' chwech
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| {{termx|swonos-|lang=ine-pro}} || to sound || '''''Skr.''''' [[स्वनति]] (svanati), '''''Lat.''''' sonāre, '''''Eng.''''' swan/swan, '''''Gm.''''' swan/Schwan, '''''ON''''' svanr, '''''Av.''''' xvanatčaxra, '''''Ir.''''' senim/seinm
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| {{termx|swordó-|lang=ine-pro}} || black || '''''Lat.''''' sordēre, '''''Eng.''''' sweart/swarthy, '''''Gm.''''' swarz/schwarz, '''''Goth.''''' swarts, '''''ON''''' svartr, '''''Lith.''''' sartas
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| {{termx|syuh₁-|lang=ine-pro}} || to sew || '''''Skr.''''' [[सीव्यति]] (sīvyati), '''''Lat.''''' suere, '''''Eng.''''' seowian/sew, '''''Lith.''''' siūti, '''''Ltv.''''' šūt, '''''Russ.''''' [[шить]] (šit'), '''''Polish''''' szyć, '''''ON''''' sýja, '''''Goth.''''' siujan, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ὑμήν|tr=humēn|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Old Prussian''''' schumeno, '''''Gm.''''' siuwen/Saum, '''''OCS''''' šij{{Unicode|ǫ}}, '''''Hitt.''''' suel
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| {{termx|sóh₂wl̥|lang=ine-pro}} || sun || '''''Lat.''''' sōl, '''''Lith.''''' saulė, '''''Ltv.''''' saule, '''''Welsh''''' haul, '''''Gk.''''' {{term|ἥλιος|tr=hēlios|lang=grc|sc=polytonic}}, '''''Eng.''''' sigel/—; sunne/sun, '''''OCS''''' slunice, '''''Russ.''''' [[солнце]] (solntse), '''''Skr.''''' [[सूर्य]] (sūrya), '''''Av.''''' hvarə, '''''Gm.''''' sunna/Sonne, '''''ON''''' sól; sunna, '''''Goth.''''' sauil; sunno, '''''Welsh''''' haul, '''''Ir.''''' súil/súil, '''''Toch.''''' swāñce/swāñco, '''''Kamviri''''' su, '''''Polish''''' słońce, '''''Old Prussian''''' saule, '''''Pers.''''' -farnah-/
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| {{termx|suHnús|lang=ine-pro}}, {{termx|suHyús|lang=ine-pro}} || son || '''''Skr.''''' {{term|sc=Deva|सूनु|tr=sūnú|lang=sa}}, '''''Av.''''' ''hunu-'', '''''Lith.''''' {{l|lt|sūnus|sūnùs}}, '''''Old Prussian''''' {{l|prg|souns}}, '''''Eng.''''' {{l|ang|sunu}}/{{l|en|son}}, '''''Gm.''''' {{l|goh|sunu}}/{{l|de|Sohn}}, '''''Goth.''''' {{term|sc=Goth|𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃|tr=sunus|lang=got}}, '''''ON''''' {{l|non|sonr}}, '''''OCS''''' {{term|sc=Cyrl|сꙑнъ|tr=synŭ|lang=cu}}, '''''Russ.''''' [[сын]] (syn), '''''Gk.''''' {{term|sc=polytonic|υἱύς|tr=huius|lang=grc}}, '''''Toch.''''' {{l|xto|se}}/{{l|txb|soy}}, {{l|txb|soṃśke}}, '''''Arm.''''' {{l|xcl|ուստր|tr=ustr}}
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