Difference between revisions 348867 and 348869 on ganwiki

[[File:NAMA Alphabet grec.jpg|thumb|200px|畫嘚希臘字母嗰古物]]
'''希臘字母'''（[[希臘文]]：{{話|el|Ελληνικό αλφάβητο}}）攏共有廿四隻[[字母]]，用得來寫[[希臘文]]。估計早到公元前九世紀到八世紀開始用。佢係箇下曉得嗰，最早嗰一套會分輔音同得元音嗰字母系統。<ref name="Blackwell" >{{cite book|last=Coulmas|first=Florian|title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems|year=1996|publisher=Blackwell Publishers Ltd.|location=Oxford|isbn=0-631-21481-X}}</ref><ref>[http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0370.pdf U0370.pdf]</ref><ref>[http://www.corfuapartments.com/vis_dettaglio.php?primo_livello=menu&id_livello=840 GRECO MODERNO]</ref>

{|class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center"
!rowspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|字母
!colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|名字
!colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|發音
!rowspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|對應嗰腓尼基字母
!colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|拉丁轉寫
|-
!style="background:#ccffff;"|希臘語
!style="background:#ccffff;"|英語
!style="background:#ccffff;"|古代
!style="background:#ccffff;"|現代
!style="background:#ccffff;"|古代
!style="background:#ccffff;"|現代
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Α]] α
|lang="el"|<math>\Alpha\lambda\phi\alpha</math>
|Alpha
|{{IPA|[a]}}
|{{IPA|[a]}}
|[[File:phoenician_aleph.svg|20px|Aleph]] (Aleph)
|a
|a
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Β]] β
|lang="el"|<math>\Beta\eta\tau\alpha</math>
|Beta
|{{IPA|[b]}}
|{{IPA|[v]}}
|[[File:phoenician_beth.svg|20px|Beth]] (Beth)
|b
|v
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Γ]] γ
|lang="el"|<math>\Gamma\alpha\mu\mu\alpha</math>
|Gamma
|{{IPA|[g]}}
|{{IPA|[g]}}
|[[File:phoenician_gimel.svg|20px|Gimel]] (Gimel)
|g
|g
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Δ]] δ
|lang="el"|<math>\Delta\epsilon\lambda\tau\alpha</math>
|Delta
|{{IPA|[d]}}
|{{IPA|[d]}}
|[[File:phoenician_daleth.svg|20px|Daleth]] (Daleth)
|d
|d
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ε]] ε
|lang="el"|<math>\Epsilon\psi\iota\lambda\omicron\nu</math>
|Epsilon
|{{IPA|[e]}}
|{{IPA|[e]}}
|[[File:phoenician_he.svg|20px|He]] (He)
|e
|e
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ζ]] ζ
|lang="el"|<math>\Zeta\eta\tau\alpha</math>
|Zeta
|{{IPA|[z]}}
|{{IPA|[z]}}
|[[File:phoenician_zayin.svg|20px|Zayin]] (Zayin)
|z
|z
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Η]] η
|lang="el"|<math>\Eta\tau\alpha</math>
|Eta
|{{IPA|[e]}}
|{{IPA|[i]}}
|[[File:phoenician_heth.svg|20px|Heth]] (Heth)
|e
|i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Θ]] θ
|lang="el"|<math>\Theta\eta\tau\alpha</math>
|Theta
|{{IPA|[t<sup>h</sup>]}}
|{{IPA|[th]}}
|[[File:phoenician_teth.svg|20px|Teth]] (Teth)
|th
|th
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ι]] ι<br />℩
|lang="el"|<math>\Iota\omega\tau\alpha</math>
|Iota
|{{IPA|[i]}}
|{{IPA|[i]}}
|[[File:phoenician_yodh.svg|20px|Yodh]] (Yodh)
|i
|i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Κ]] κ
|lang="el"|<math>\Kappa\alpha\pi\pi\alpha</math>
|Kappa
|{{IPA|[k]}}
|{{IPA|[k]}}
|[[File:phoenician_kaph.svg|20px|Kaph]] (Kaph)
|k
|k
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Λ]] λ
|lang="el"|<math>\Lambda\alpha\mu\delta\alpha</math>
|Lamda
|{{IPA|[l]}}
|{{IPA|[l]}}
|[[File:phoenician_lamedh.svg|20px|Lamedh]] (Lamedh)
|l
|l
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Μ]] μ
|lang="el"|<math>\Mu\upsilon</math>
|Mu
|{{IPA|[m]}}
|{{IPA|[m]}}
|[[File:phoenician_mem.svg|20px|Mem]] (Mem)
|m
|m
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ν]] ν
|lang="el"|<math>\Nu\upsilon</math>
|Nu
|{{IPA|[n]}}
|{{IPA|[n]}}
|[[File:phoenician_nun.svg|20px|Nun]] (Nun)
|n
|n
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ξ]] ξ
|lang="el"|<math>\Xi\iota</math>
|Xi
|{{IPA|[x]}}
|{{IPA|[x]}}
|[[File:phoenician_samekh.svg|20px|Samekh]] (Samekh)
|x
|x
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ο]] ο
|lang="el"|<math>\Omicron\mu\iota\kappa\rho\omicron\nu</math>
|Omicron
|{{IPA|[o]}}
|{{IPA|[o]}}
|[[File:phoenician_ayin.svg|20px|Ayin]] (Ayin)
|o
|o
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Π]] π
|lang="el"|<math>\Pi\iota</math>
|Pi
|{{IPA|[p]}}
|{{IPA|[p]}}
|[[File:phoenician_pe.svg|20px|Pe]] (Pe)
|p
|p
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ρ]] ρ
|lang="el"|<math>\Rho\omega</math>
|Rho
|{{IPA|[r<sup>h</sup>]}}
|{{IPA|[r]}}
|[[File:phoenician_res.svg|20px|Res]] (Res)
|rh
|r
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Σ]] σ<br />ς
|lang="el"|<math>\Sigma\iota\gamma\mu\alpha</math>
|Sigma
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|[[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Sin]] (Shin)
|s
|s
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Τ]] τ
|lang="el"|<math>\Tau\alpha\upsilon</math>
|Tau
|{{IPA|[t]}}
|{{IPA|[t]}}
|[[File:phoenician_taw.svg|20px|Taw]] (Taw)
|t
|t
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Υ]] υ
|lang="el"|<math>\Upsilon\psi\iota\lambda\omicron\nu</math>
|Upsilon
|{{IPA|[u]}}
|{{IPA|[i]}}
|[[File:phoenician_waw.svg|20px|Waw]] (Waw)
|u
|i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Φ]] φ
|lang="el"|<math>\Phi\iota</math>
|Phi
|{{IPA|[p<sup>h</sup>]}}
|{{IPA|[f]}}
|rowspan="3"| - (來源冇定)
|ph
|f
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Χ]] χ
|lang="el"|<math>\Chi\iota</math>
|Chi
|{{IPA|[c<sup>h</sup>]}}
|{{IPA|[ch]}}
|ch
|ch
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ψ]] ψ
|lang="el"|<math>\Psi\iota</math>
|Psi
|{{IPA|[ps]}}
|{{IPA|[p}}{{IPA|s]}}
|ps
|ps
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|[[Ω]] ω
|lang="el"|<math>\Omega\mu\epsilon\gamma\alpha</math>
|Omega
|{{IPA|[o]}}
|{{IPA|[o]}}
|[[File:phoenician_ayin.svg|20px|Ayin]] (Ayin)
|o
|o
|}

{|class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center"
!style="background:#ccf;"|字母
!style="background:#ccf;"|名字
!style="background:#ccf;"|發音
!style="background:#ccf;"|对应的腓尼基字母
!style="background:#ccf;"|拉丁转写
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ϝ]] ϝ<br />[[Ͷ]] ͷ
|Wau
|{{IPA|[w]}}
|[[File:phoenician_waw.svg|20px|Waw]] (Waw)
|w
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ϛ]] ϛ
|Stigma
|{{IPA|[s]}}
| - (來源冇定)
|s
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ͱ]] ͱ
|Heta
|{{IPA|[h]}}
|[[File:phoenician_heth.svg|20px|Heth]] (Heth)
|h
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ϻ]] ϻ
|San
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] (Tsade 位置) [[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Shin]] (Shin 名稱)
|s
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ϸ]] ϸ
|Sho
|{{IPA|[s<sup>h</sup>]}}
|[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] (Tsade 位置) [[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Shin]] (Shin 名稱)
|sh
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ϙ]] ϙ<br />[[Ϟ]] ϟ
|Koppa
|{{IPA|[k]}}
|[[File:phoenician_qoph.svg|20px|Qoph]] (Qoph)
|k
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|[[Ͳ]] ͳ<br />[[Ϡ]] ϡ
|Sampi
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] (Tsade)
|s class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" style="background:#ccf;" | 字母
! colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;" | 名字
! colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;" | 發音
! rowspan="2" style="background:#ccf;" | 對應嗰腓尼基字母
! colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;" | 拉丁轉寫
|-
! style="background:#ccffff;" | 希臘語
! style="background:#ccffff;" | 英語
! style="background:#ccffff;" | 古代
! style="background:#ccffff;" | 現代
! style="background:#ccffff;" | 古代
! style="background:#ccffff;" | 現代
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Α α
|lang="el"|άλφα
| Alpha
| {{IPA|[a] [aː]}}
| {{IPA|[a]}}
| [[File:phoenician_aleph.svg|20px|Aleph]] (ʾAleph)
| a
| a
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Β β
|lang="el"|βήτα
| Beta
| {{IPA|[b]}}
| {{IPA|[v]}}
| [[File:phoenician_beth.svg|20px|Beth]] (Beth)
| b
| v
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Γ γ
|lang="el"|γάμμα
| Gamma
| {{IPA|[g]}}
| {{IPA|[ʝ]}}位到{{IPA|[e̞]}}或{{IPA|[i]}}之前；<br />別嗰時間{{IPA|[ɣ]}}
| [[File:phoenician_gimel.svg|20px|Gimel]] (Gimel)
| g
| gh, g, j
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Δ δ
|lang="el"|δέλτα
| Delta
| {{IPA|[d]}}
| {{IPA|[ð]}}
| [[File:phoenician_daleth.svg|20px|Daleth]] (Daleth)
| d
| d, dh
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ε ε
|lang="el"|έψιλόν
| Epsilon
| {{IPA|[e]}}
| {{IPA|[e̞]}}
| [[File:phoenician_he.svg|20px|He]] (He)
| e
| e
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ζ ζ
|lang="el"|ζήτα
| Zeta
| {{IPA|[zd]}}，末後{{IPA|[zː]}}
| {{IPA|[z]}}
| [[File:phoenician_zayin.svg|20px|Zayin]] (Zayin)
| z
| z
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Η η
|lang="el"|ήτα
| Eta
| {{IPA|[ɛː]}}
| {{IPA|[i]}}
| [[File:phoenician_heth.svg|20px|Heth]] (Heth)
| e, ē
| i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Θ θ
|lang="el"|θήτα
| Theta
| {{IPA|[tʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[θ]}}
| [[File:phoenician_teth.svg|20px|Teth]] (Teth)
| th
| th
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ι ι
|lang="el"|ιώτα
| Iota
| {{IPA|[i] [iː]}}
| {{IPA|[i]}}, {{IPA|[j]}}
| [[File:phoenician_yodh.svg|20px|Yodh]] (Yodh)
| i
| i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Κ κ
|lang="el"|κάππα
| Kappa
| {{IPA|[k]}}
| {{IPA|[c]}}位到{{IPA|[e̞]}}或{{IPA|[i]}}之前；<br />別嗰時間{{IPA|[k]}}
| [[File:phoenician_kaph.svg|20px|Kaph]] (Kaph)
| k
| k
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Λ λ
|lang="el"|λάμβδα
| Lambda
| {{IPA|[l]}}
| {{IPA|[l]}}
| [[File:phoenician_lamedh.svg|20px|Lamedh]] (Lamedh)
| l
| l
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Μ μ
|lang="el"|μι

| Mu
| {{IPA|[m]}}
| {{IPA|[m]}}
| [[File:phoenician_mem.svg|20px|Mem]] (Mem)
| m
| m
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ν ν
|lang="el"|νι
| Nu
| {{IPA|[n]}}
| {{IPA|[n]}}
| [[File:phoenician_nun.svg|20px|Nun]] (Nun)
| n
| n
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ξ ξ
|lang="el"|ξι
| Xi
| {{IPA|[ks]}}
| {{IPA|[ks]}}
| [[File:phoenician_samekh.svg|20px|Samekh]] (Samekh)
| x
| x, ks
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ο ο
|lang="el"|όμικρόν
| Omicron
| {{IPA|[o]}}
| {{IPA|[o̞]}}
| [[File:phoenician_ayin.svg|20px|Ayin]] (ʿAyin)
| o
| o
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Π π
|lang="el"|πι
| Pi
| {{IPA|[p]}}
| {{IPA|[p]}}
| [[File:phoenician_pe.svg|20px|Pe]] (Pe)
| p
| p
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ρ ρ
|lang="el"|ρω
| Rho
| {{IPA|[r]}}, {{IPA|[r̥]}}
| {{IPA|[ɾ]}}
| [[File:phoenician_res.svg|20px|Res]] (Res)
| r ({{polytonic|ῥ}}: rh)
| r
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Σ σς
|lang="el"|σίγμα
| Sigma
| {{IPA|[s]}}
| {{IPA|[s]}}
| [[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Sin]] (Sin)
| s
| s
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Τ τ
|lang="el"|ταυ
| Tau
| {{IPA|[t]}}
| {{IPA|[t]}}
| [[File:phoenician_taw.svg|20px|Taw]] (Taw)
| t
| t
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Υ υ
|lang="el"|ύψιλόν
| Upsilon
| {{IPA|[u] [uː]，末後[y] [yː]}}
| {{IPA|[i]}}
| [[File:phoenician_waw.svg|20px|Waw]] (Waw)
| u, y （位到輔音之間）
| y, v, f
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Φ φ
|lang="el"|φι
| Phi
| {{IPA|[pʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[f]}}
| rowspan="3" | 來源冇定
| ph
| f
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Χ χ
|lang="el"|χι
| Chi
| {{IPA|[kʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[ç]}}前{{IPA|[e̞]}}或{{IPA|[i]}};<br />不然{{IPA|[x]}}
| ch
| ch, kh
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ψ ψ
|lang="el"|ψι
| Psi
| {{IPA|[ps]}}
| {{IPA|[ps]}}
| ps
| ps
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ω ω
|lang="el"|ωμέγα
| Omega
| {{IPA|[ɔː]}}
| {{IPA|[o̞]}}
|[[File:phoenician_ayin.svg|20px|Ayin]] (Ayin)
| o, ō
| o
|}

{| class="wikitable nounderlines"  style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center"
! style="background:#ccf;" | 字母
! style="background:#ccf;" | 对应的腓尼基字母
! style="background:#ccf;" | 名字
! style="background:#ccf;" | 拉丁转写
! style="background:#ccf;" | 發音
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϝ ϝ
|[[File:phoenician_waw.svg|20px|Waw]] Waw
|Digamma
|w
|{{IPA|[w]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϛ ϛ
|
|Stigma
|st
|{{IPA|[st]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ͱ ͱ
|[[File:phoenician_heth.svg|20px|Heth]] Heth
|Heta
|h
|{{IPA|[h]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϻ ϻ
|[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] Tsade(位置) [[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Shin]] Shin(名稱)
|San
|s
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϸ ϸ
|[[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Shin]] Shin
|Sho
|š
|{{IPA|[ʃ]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϙ ϙ 
|[[File:phoenician_qoph.svg|20px|Qoph]] Qoph
|Qoppa
|q
|{{IPA|[q]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ͳ ͳ
|來源有爭議，可能是[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] Tsade
|Sampi
|ss
|{{IPA|[sː]}}, {{IPA|[ks]}}, {{IPA|[ts]}}
|}

== 參考資料 ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:字母]]

(contracted; show full)[[vi:Bảng chữ cái Hy Lạp]]
[[wa:Alfabet grek]]
[[war:Griniyego nga abakadahan]]
[[wuu:希腊字母]]
[[yi:גריכישער אלפאבעט]]
[[zh:希腊字母]]
[[zh-min-nan:Hi-lia̍p jī-bó]]
[[zh-yue:希臘字母]]