Difference between revisions 374205 and 385839 on ganwiki

[[File:NAMA Alphabet grec.jpg|thumb|200px|畫嘚希臘字母嗰古物]]
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'''希臘字母'''（[[希臘文]]：{{話|el|Ελληνικό αλφάβητο}}）攏共有廿四隻[[字母]]，用得來寫[[希臘文]]。估計早到公元前九世紀到八世紀開始用。佢係箇下曉得嗰，最早嗰一套會分輔音同得元音嗰字母系統。<ref name="Blackwell" >{{cite book|last=Coulmas|first=Florian|title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems|year=1996|publisher=Blackwell Publishers Ltd.|location=Oxford|isbn=0-631-21481-X}}</ref><ref>[http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0370.pdf U0370.pdf]</ref><ref>[http://www.corfuapartments.com/vis_dettaglio.php?primo_livello=menu&id_livello=840 GRECO MODERNO]</ref>

{|class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center"
!rowspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|字母
!colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|名字
!colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|發音
!rowspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|對應嗰腓尼基字母
!colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;"|拉丁轉寫
|-
!style="background:#ccffff;"|希臘語
!style="background:#ccffff;"|英語
!style="background:#ccffff;"|古代
!style="background:#ccffff;"|現代
!style="background:#ccffff;"|古代
!style="background:#ccffff;"|現代
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Α α
|lang="el"|άλφα
|Alpha
|{{IPA|[a] [aː]}}
|{{IPA|[a]}}
|[[File:phoenician_aleph.svg|20px|Aleph]] (ʾAleph)
|a
|a
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Β β
|lang="el"|βήτα
|Beta
|{{IPA|[b]}}
|{{IPA|[v]}}
|[[File:phoenician_beth.svg|20px|Beth]] (Beth)
|b
|v
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Γ γ
|lang="el"|γάμμα
|Gamma
|{{IPA|[g]}}
|{{IPA|[ʝ]}}位到{{IPA|[e̞]}}或{{IPA|[i]}}之前；<br />別嗰時間{{IPA|[ɣ]}}
|[[File:phoenician_gimel.svg|20px|Gimel]] (Gimel)
|g
|gh, g, j
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Δ δ
|lang="el"|δέλτα
|Delta
|{{IPA|[d]}}
|{{IPA|[ð]}}
|[[File:phoenician_daleth.svg|20px|Daleth]] (Daleth)
|d
|d, dh
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ε ε
|lang="el"|έψιλόν
|Epsilon
|{{IPA|[e]}}
|{{IPA|[e̞]}}
|[[File:phoenician_he.svg|20px|He]] (He)
|e
|e
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ζ ζ
|lang="el"|ζήτα
|Zeta
|{{IPA|[zd]}}，末後{{IPA|[zː]}}
|{{IPA|[z]}}
|[[File:phoenician_zayin.svg|20px|Zayin]] (Zayin)
|z
|z
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Η η
|lang="el"|ήτα
|Eta
|{{IPA|[ɛː]}}
|{{IPA|[i]}}
|[[File:phoenician_heth.svg|20px|Heth]] (Heth)
|e, ē
|i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Θ θ
|lang="el"|θήτα
|Theta
|{{IPA|[tʰ]}}
|{{IPA|[θ]}}
|[[File:phoenician_teth.svg|20px|Teth]] (Teth)
|th
|th
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ι ι
|lang="el"|ιώτα
|Iota
|{{IPA|[i] [iː]}}
|{{IPA|[i]}}, {{IPA|[j]}}
|[[File:phoenician_yodh.svg|20px|Yodh]] (Yodh)
|i
|i
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Κ κ
|lang="el"|κάππα
|Kappa
|{{IPA|[k]}}
|{{IPA|[c]}}位到{{IPA|[e̞]}}或{{IPA|[i]}}之前；<br />別嗰時間{{IPA|[k]}}
|[[File:phoenician_kaph.svg|20px|Kaph]] (Kaph)
|k
|k
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Λ λ
|lang="el"|λάμβδα
|Lambda
|{{IPA|[l]}}
|{{IPA|[l]}}
|[[File:phoenician_lamedh.svg|20px|Lamedh]] (Lamedh)
|l
|l
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Μ μ
|lang="el"|μι
|Mu
|{{IPA|[m]}}
|{{IPA|[m]}}
|[[File:phoenician_mem.svg|20px|Mem]] (Mem)
|m
|m
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ν ν
|lang="el"|νι
|Nu
|{{IPA|[n]}}
|{{IPA|[n]}}
|[[File:phoenician_nun.svg|20px|Nun]] (Nun)
|n
|n
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ξ ξ
|lang="el"|ξι
|Xi
|{{IPA|[ks]}}
|{{IPA|[ks]}}
|[[File:phoenician_samekh.svg|20px|Samekh]] (Samekh)
|x
|x, ks
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ο ο
|lang="el"|όμικρόν
|Omicron
|{{IPA|[o]}}
|{{IPA|[o̞]}}
|[[File:phoenician_ayin.svg|20px|Ayin]] (ʿAyin)
|o
|o
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Π π
|lang="el"|πι
|Pi
|{{IPA|[p]}}
|{{IPA|[p]}}
|[[File:phoenician_pe.svg|20px|Pe]] (Pe)
|p
|p
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ρ ρ
|lang="el"|ρω
|Rho
|{{IPA|[r]}}, {{IPA|[r̥]}}
|{{IPA|[ɾ]}}
|[[File:phoenician_res.svg|20px|Res]] (Res)
|r ({{polytonic|ῥ}}: rh)
|r
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Σ σ
|lang="el"|σίγμα
|Sigma
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|[[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Sin]] (Sin)
|s
|s
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Τ τ
|lang="el"|ταυ
|Tau
|{{IPA|[t]}}
|{{IPA|[t]}}
|[[File:phoenician_taw.svg|20px|Taw]] (Taw)
|t
|t
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Υ υ
|lang="el"|ύψιλόν
|Upsilon
|{{IPA|[u] [uː]，末後[y] [yː]}}
|{{IPA|[i]}}
|[[File:phoenician_waw.svg|20px|Waw]] (Waw)
|u, y （位到輔音之間）
|y, v, f
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Φ φ
|lang="el"|φι
|Phi
|{{IPA|[pʰ]}}
|{{IPA|[f]}}
|rowspan="3"|來源冇定
|ph
|f
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Χ χ
|lang="el"|χι
|Chi
|{{IPA|[kʰ]}}
|{{IPA|[ç]}}前{{IPA|[e̞]}}或{{IPA|[i]}};<br />不然{{IPA|[x]}}
|ch
|ch, kh
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ψ ψ
|lang="el"|ψι
|Psi
|{{IPA|[ps]}}
|{{IPA|[ps]}}
|ps
|ps
|-
|style="font-size:133%;" lang="el"|Ω ω
|lang="el"|ωμέγα
|Omega
|{{IPA|[ɔː]}}
|{{IPA|[o̞]}}
|[[File:phoenician_ayin.svg|20px|Ayin]] (Ayin)
|o, ō
|o
|}

{|class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center"
!style="background:#ccf;"|字母
!style="background:#ccf;"|对应的腓尼基字母
!style="background:#ccf;"|名字
!style="background:#ccf;"|拉丁转写
!style="background:#ccf;"|發音
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϝ ϝ
|[[File:phoenician_waw.svg|20px|Waw]] Waw
|Digamma
|w
|{{IPA|[w]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϛ ϛ
| -
|Stigma
|st
|{{IPA|[st]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ͱ ͱ
|[[File:phoenician_heth.svg|20px|Heth]] Heth
|Heta
|h
|{{IPA|[h]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϻ ϻ
|[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] Tsade(位置) [[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Shin]] Shin(名稱)
|San
|s
|{{IPA|[s]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϙ ϙ 
|[[File:phoenician_qoph.svg|20px|Qoph]] Qoph
|Koppa
|q
|{{IPA|[q]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ͳ ͳ
|來源有爭議，可能是[[File:phoenician_sade.svg|20px|Sade]] Tsade
|Sampi
|ss
|{{IPA|[sː]}}, {{IPA|[ks]}}, {{IPA|[ts]}}
|-
|style="font-size:133%;"|Ϸ ϸ
|[[File:phoenician_sin.svg|20px|Shin]] Shin
|Sho
|š
|{{IPA|[ʃ]}}
|}

==參考資料==border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center" 
!rowspan="2"|字母
!colspan="2"|名字
!colspan="2"|古代
!rowspan="2"|對應嗰腓尼基字母
|- 
!古代
!現代
!古代
!現代
|- 
|Α α
|{{unicode|ἄλφα}}
|[[άλφα]]
|[a] [aː]
|[a]
|[[image:phoenician_aleph.png|20px|Aleph]] Aleph
|- 
|Β β 
|{{unicode|βῆτα}}
|[[βήτα]]
|[b]
|[v]
|[[image:phoenician_beth.png|20px|Beth]] Beth
|- 
|Γ γ
|{{unicode|γάμμα}}
|[[γάμμα]]
|[g]
|[ʝ] πριν από [e̞], [i], αλλιώς [ɣ]
|[[image:phoenician_gimel.png|20px|Gimel]] Gimel
|- 
|Δ δ
|{{unicode|δέλτα}}
|[[δέλτα]]
|[d]
|[ð]
|[[image:phoenician_daleth.png|20px|Daleth]] Daleth
|- 
|Ε ε ϵ
|{{unicode|ἒ ψιλόν}}
|[[έψιλον]]
|[e]
|[e̞]
|[[image:phoenician_he.png|20px|He]] He
|- 
|Ζ ζ
|{{unicode|ζῆτα}}
|[[ζήτα]]
|[zd] ή [dz], αργότερα [zː]
|[z]
|[[image:phoenician_zayin.png|20px|Zajin]] Zajin
|- 
|Η η
|{{unicode|ἦτα}}
|[[ήτα]]
|[ɛː] ([h])
|[i]
|[[image:phoenician_heth.png|20px|Heth]] Heth
|-
|Θ θ
|{{unicode|θῆτα}}
|[[θήτα]]
|[tʰ]
|[θ]
|[[image:phoenician_teth.png|20px|Teth]] Teth
|- 
|Ι ι
|{{unicode|ἰῶτα}}
|[[ιώτα]]
|[i] [iː]
|[i], [j]
|[[image:phoenician_yodh.png|20px|Jodh]] Jodh
|- 
|Κ κ
|{{unicode|κάππα}}
|[[κάππα]]
|[k]
|[c] πριν από [e̞], [i], αλλιώς [k]
|[[image:phoenician_kaph.png|20px|Kaph]] Kaph
|- 
|Λ λ
|{{unicode|λάμβδα}}
|[[λάμδα]]
|[l]
|[l]
|[[image:phoenician_lamedh.png|20px|Lamedh]] Lamedh
|- 
|Μ μ
|{{unicode|μῦ}}
|[[μι]]
|[m]
|[m]
|[[image:phoenician_mem.png|20px|Mem]] Mem
|- 
|Ν ν
|{{unicode|νῦ}}
|[[νι]]
|[n]
|[n]
|[[image:phoenician_nun.png|20px|Nun]] Nun
|- 
|Ξ ξ
|{{unicode|ξῖ}}
|[[ξι]]
|[ks]
|[ks]
|[[image:phoenician_samekh.png|20px|Samekh]] Samekh
|- 
|Ο ο
|{{unicode|ὄ μικρόν}}
|[[όμικρον]]
|[o]
|[o̞]
|[[image:phoenician_ayin.png|20px|Ajin]] Ajin
|- 
|Π π
|{{unicode|πῖ}}
|[[πι]]
|[p]
|[p]
|[[image:phoenician_pe.png|20px|Pe]] Pe
|- 
|Ρ ρ
|{{unicode|ῥῶ}}
|[[ρω]]
|[r], [r̥]
|[ɾ]
|[[image:phoenician_res.png|20px|Res]] Res
|- 
|Σ σ ς
|{{unicode|σῖγμα}}
|[[σίγμα]]
|[s]
|[s]
|[[image:phoenician_sin.png|20px|Sin]] Sin
|-
|Τ τ
|{{unicode|ταῦ}}
|[[ταυ]]
|[t]
|[t]
|[[image:phoenician_taw.png|20px|Taw]] Taw
|- 
|Υ υ
|{{unicode|ὒ ψιλόν}}
|[[ύψιλον]]
|([u]) [y] [yː]
|[i]
|[[image:phoenician_waw.png|20px|Waw]] Waw 
|- 
|Φ φ
|{{unicode|φῖ}}
|[[φι]]
|[pʰ]
|[f]
|
|- 
|Χ χ
|{{unicode|χῖ}}
|[[χι]]
|[kʰ] ([ks])
|[ç] πριν από [e̞], [i], αλλιώς [x]
|
|- 
|Ψ ψ
|{{unicode|ψῖ}}
|[[ψι]]
|[ps]
|[ps]
|
|- 
|Ω ω
|{{unicode|ὦ μέγα}}
|[[ωμέγα]]
|[ɔː]
|[o̞]
|[[image:phoenician_ayin.png|20px|Ajin]] Ajin
|-
|}

==參考資料==⏎

{{reflist}}

[[Category:字母]]

{{Link FA|la}}