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Debian
{{terjemah|basa=Inggris}}
{{ infobox OS
| name                   = Debian GNU/Linux
| logo                   = 
| screenshot = [[Gambar:Debian-8-desktop-background.png|250px]]
| caption = Debian Etch's [[GNOME]] 2.14.3 desktop
| website                = http://www.debian.org
| developer              = Debian Project
| family                 = [[Linux]]
| latest_release_version = 6.0 squeeze
| latest_release_date    = [[6 Feèbruari]], [[2011]]
| kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel]], [[Linux kernel|Linux]]
| supported_platforms    = [[i386]], [[x86-64]], [[PowerPC]], [[SPARC]], [[DEC Alpha]], [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]], [[PA-RISC family|HPPA]], [[IBM eServer zSeries|S390]], [[IA-64]]
| updatemodel            = [[Advanced Packaging Tool|APT]]
| working_state          = Current
}}

'''Debian''' iku sawijining proyèk pangembangan saka [[Piranti alus mardika|mardika]], [[sistem operasi]] lengkap kang digawé gotong-royong bebarengan déning para sukarelawan sadonya. Gampané, Debian iku salah sawijining [[Distribusi Linux|distro Linux]] sing nganggo jeneng resmi '''Debian GNU/Linux'''.

Debian kondhang amarga ngresepi filsafat [[Unix filsafat|Unix]] lan [[piranti empuk mardika]], lan lan akèhing pilihan — gagrag paling anyar ngandhut luwih saka 18.000 [[paket piranti empuk]]kanggo 7 (pitung) [[arsiteèktur komputer]], sumrambah seka [[arsiteèktur ARM]] sing lumrah tinemu ing [[sistem katanem]] (''embeded system'') lan [[IBM eServer zSeries]] arsiteèktur [[Komputer mainframe|mainframe]] nganti sing lumrah manèh kaya  arsiteèktur Intel [[x86]] lan AMD [[x86-64]] sing ana ing [[komputer pribadi]] (''personal computer''). Debian GNU/Linux iku uga dadi lelandhesané sawetara distribusi, kalebu [[Knoppix]], [[Linspire]], lan [[Ubuntu (Distribusi Linux)|Ubuntu]].

Debian uga kawentar amarga [[sistem pangaturan paket]] (''package management system'') (mligi [[Advanced Packaging Tool|APT]]), sing migunakaké pangaturan sing kenceng kanggo njaga kualitas.
Debian sinengkuyung déning derma liwat [[Software in the Public Interest]], Inc., sawijining [[organisasi nirlaba]] [[organisasi payung|organisasi sing mayungi]] proyèk piranti empuk mardika.

== History ==

Distribusi Debian kabiwarakaké pisanan ing [[16 Agustus]] [[1993]] déning [[Ian Murdock]], sing banjur dadi [[mahasiswa]] ing [[Purdue University]]. Murdock nyebut sistemé iku "Debian Linux Release".<ref>{{cite newsgroup | title = New release under development; suggestions requested | url = http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.development/msg/a32d4e2ef3bcdcc6 | last = Murdock | first = Ian A | id = [email protected] | | date = [[16 August]] [[1993]] | newsgroup = comp.os.linux.development }}</ref>

Ing ''[[Debian Manifesto]]'', Murdock ngajab supaya digawee distribusi sing kagulawentah ing pangrasa tinarbuka, rasa sejatining Linux lan GNU. Jeneng "Debian" iku gabungan seka jeneng pisanan pacaré (saiki dadi bojoné) "Debra" karo jeneng dhèwèké ("Ian"). Ing sabanjur, Debian kaucap sesambungané silabel ingpangrasa Inggris Ameérika: {{IPA|/'dɛbiən/}}.<ref>{{ cite website | url = http://www.debian.org/intro/about | title = About Debian }}</ref>

The Debian Project grew slowly at first and released its first 0.9x versions in 1994 and 1995. The first ports to other architectures were begun in 1995, and the first 1.x version of Debian was released in 1996. In 1996, [[Bruce Perens]] replaced Ian Murdock as the project leader. In the same year, fellow developer [[Ean Schuessler]] suggested that Debian establish a [[soc(contracted; show full)are archive processes with new "package pools" and creating a ''testing'' branch as an ongoing, relatively stable staging area for the next release. Also in that year, developers began holding an annual conference called ''[[Debconf]]'' with talks and workshops for developers and technical users.<ref>Debian Documentation Team.  ''[http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/project-history/ A Brief History of Debian]''.</ref>

On [[6 F
eèbruari]] [[2011]] the Debian Project announced the official release of Debian GNU/Linux version 6.0, codenamed "squeeze".

== Development versions ==
(contracted; show full)

After the packages in ''testing'' have matured and the goals for the next release are met, the ''testing'' branch becomes the next stable release. The latest stable release of Debian (''squeeze'') is 6.0. It was released on 6 F
eèbruari, 2011.

The forthcoming version is codenamed "''wheezy''."

== Project organization ==
[[Gambar:Debian-organigram.png|thumb|300px|Diagram of the organizational structure of the Project]]

The Debian Project is a volunteer organization with three foundational documents:
(contracted; show full)

It is possible for a package—particularly an old, stable, and seldom-updated one—to belong to more than one suite at the same time. The suites are simply collections of pointers into the package "pool" mentioned above.

== Debian releases ==
As of [[F
eèbruari 2011]], the latest stable release is version 6.0, code name ''squeeze''. When a new version is released, the previous stable is labeled ''oldstable''; currently, this is version 5.0, code name ''lenny''.

In addition, a stable release gets minor updates (called ''point releases'') marked, for example, like 3.1r1.

Debian has made the following major stable releases (with [[code name]]s and release dates):

(contracted; show full)
|-
| 3.0 || woody  || [[19 July]] [[2002]] <ref>http://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/debian-announce-2002/msg00004.html</ref>
|-
| 3.1 || sarge  || {{0}}[[6 June]] [[2005]] <ref>http://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/debian-announce-2005/msg00003.html</ref>
|-
| 4.0 || etch   || {{0}}[[8 April]], [[2007]] <ref>http://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/debian-announce-2007/msg00002.html</ref>
|-
|  5.0  || lenny  || [[14 F
eèbruari]], [[2009]] <ref>http://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/2009/msg00002.html</ref>
|-
|  6.0  || squeeze  || [[6 Feèbruari]], [[2011]] <ref>http://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/2011/msg00001.html</ref>
|}

The next release will be codenamed "wheezy" [http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2010/09/msg00000.html].

Due to an incident involving a CD vendor who made an unofficial and broken release labeled "1.0", an official "1.0" release was never made.

(contracted; show full)
* {{Distrowatch|debian|NAME=Debian GNU/Linux}} ([http://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=review-debian review])
* [http://linuxmafia.com/faq/Debian/installers.html Overview of Debian installers]
* [http://www.debian-unofficial.org/ Debian-Unofficial.org] Repository for packages not available within the official Debian repository

[[Kategori:Debian|Debian]]
[[Kategori:Distribusi Linux]]