Difference between revisions 159795 and 159846 on kmwiki

{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = សាធារណរដ្ឋកាមេរូន<br />(Republic of Cameroon)
|native_name = {{lang|fr|''République du Cameroun''}}
|common_name = កាមេរូន
|image_flag = Flag of Cameroon.svg
|alt = Vertical tricolor (green, red, yellow) with a five-pointed gold star in the center of the red.
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Cameroon.svg
|symbol_type = Coat of arms
|image_map = Cameroon (orthographic projection).svg
|alt_map = Location of Cameroon on the globe.
|national_motto = <br/>{{native phrase|fr|"Paix &ndash; Travail &ndash; Patrie"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"Peace &ndash; Work &ndash; Fatherland"}}
|national_anthem = <br/>{{native phrase|fr|[[O Cameroon, Cradle of our Forefathers|Ô Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancêtres]]|nolink=yes}}<br/>{{raise|0.2em|{{small|''O Cameroon, Cradle of our Forefathers''}}&nbsp;{{lower|0.1em|<sup>a</sup>}}}}
|official_languages = [[French language|French]] and [[English language|English]]
|demonym = Cameroonian
|ethnic_groups =
{{vunblist
  | {{nowrap|31% [[Ethnic groups in Cameroon|Cameroon Highlanders]]}}
  | 19% [[Bantu peoples|Equatorial Bantu]]
  | 11% [[Kirdi]]
  | 10% [[Fula people|Fulani]]
  |  8% [[Bantu peoples|Northwestern Bantu]]
  |  7% Eastern Nigritic
  | 13% other African
  | <1% non-African
 }}
|capital = [[យុនដេ]]<ref name="Cameroon - Infoplease.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107382.html |title=Cameroon |publisher=Infoplease |accessdate=27 May 2011 |publisheer=Infoplease}}</ref>
|latd=3 |latm=52 |latNS=N |longd=11 |longm=31 |longEW=E <!--Google Maps-->
|largest_city = [[Douala]]<ref name="Cameroon - Infoplease.com"/>
|government_type = [[Dominant-party system|Dominant-party]] [[Presidential system|presidential state]] 
|leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Cameroon|President]]
|leader_name1 = [[Paul Biya]]<ref name="Cameroon - Infoplease.com"/>
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Cameroon|Prime Minister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Philémon Yang]]
|legislature = [[National Assembly (Cameroon)|National Assembly]]
|area_rank = 54th <!--Demographic Yearbook 1.-->
|area_magnitude = 1 E11
|area_km2 = 475,442
|area_sq_mi = 183,569 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = 0.57 <!--CIA World Factbook-->
|population_estimate = 19,406,100 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cm.html |title=Cameroon |work=The World Factbook |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref>
|population_estimate_rank = 58th <!--UN World Population Prospects-->
|population_estimate_year = July 2012
|population_census = 17,463,836<ref>{{cite web |title={{lang|fr|Rapport de présentation des résultats définitifs}} |url=http://www.statistics-cameroon.org/downloads/Rapport_de_presentation_3_RGPH.pdf |format=PDF |page=6 |publisher={{lang|fr|Institut national de la statistique}} |accessdate=21 July 2012 |language=French}}</ref>
|population_census_year = 2005
|population_density_km2 = 39.7
|population_density_sq_mi = 102,8 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 167th <!--UN World Population Prospects-->
|GDP_PPP = $47.251&nbsp;billion<ref name="imf2">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=39&pr.y=9&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=622&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |title=Cameroon |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=2012-04-18}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2012
|GDP_PPP = $47.296&nbsp;billion<ref name="imf2"/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,359<ref name="imf2"/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 90
|GDP_nominal_year = 2012
|GDP_nominal = $24.510&nbsp;billion<ref name="imf2"/>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,225<ref name="imf2"/>
|sovereignty_type = Independence {{nobold|from [[France]]}}
|established_event1 = Declared
|established_date1 = 1 January 1960
|established_event2 = {{nowrap|Annexation of former<br/>[[British Cameroons]]}}
|established_date2 = 1 October 1961
|HDI_year = 2013
|HDI_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI = 0.495 <!--number only-->
|HDI_ref = <ref>http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf</ref>
|HDI_rank = 150th
|Gini_year = 2007
|Gini_change =  decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini = 38.9 <!--number only-->
|Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html |title=Distribution of family income – Gini index |work=The World Factbook |publisher=CIA |accessdate=2009-09-01}}</ref>
|Gini_rank =
|currency = [[Central African CFA franc]]
|currency_code = XAF
|country_code =
|time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]]
|utc_offset = +1
|time_zone_DST = not observed
|utc_offset_DST = +1
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[+237]]
|cctld = [[.cm]]
|footnote_a = These are the titles as given in the ''Constitution of the Republic of Cameroon'', Article X. The French version of the song is sometimes called {{lang|fr|''Chant de Ralliement''}}, as in ''National Anthems of the World''; and the English version "O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers", as in DeLancey and DeLancey 61.
}}

'''កាមេរូន''', officially the '''Republic of Cameroon''' ({{lang-fr|link=no|République du Cameroun}}), is a country in west [[Central Africa]]. It is bordered by [[Nigeria]] to the west; [[Chad]] to the northeast; the [[Central African Republic]] to the east; and [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Gabon]], and the [[Republic of the Congo]] to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the [[Bight of Bonny]], part of the [[Gulf of Guinea]] and the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. The country is called "Africa in miniature" for its geological and cultural diversity. Natural features include beaches, deserts, mountains, rainforests, and savannas. The highest point is [[Mount Cameroon]] in the southwest, and the largest cities are [[Douala]], [[Yaoundé]] and [[Garoua]]. Cameroon is home to over 200 different linguistic groups. The country is well known for its native styles of music, particularly [[makossa]] and [[bikutsi]], and for its successful [[Cameroon national football team|national football team]]. [[French Language|French]] and [[English Language|English]] are the official languages.


==See also==
{{portal|Geography|Africa|<!--Middle Africa-->|<!--African Union-->|<!--ECCAS-->|Cameroon}}
* [[Outline of Cameroon]]
* [[Index of Cameroon-related articles]]
* <!-- [[Bibliography of Cameroon]] -->
* <!-- {{wikipedia books link|Cameroon}} -->
{{clear}}

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==References==
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3">
* "[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26431.htm Background Note: Cameroon]". October 2006. United States Department of State. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://web.archive.org/web/20070208022949/http://web.amnesty.org/report2006/cmr-summary-eng Cameroon]". ''Amnesty International Report 2006''. Amnesty International Publications. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2006/78723.htm Cameroon]". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, 6 March 2007. Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. Department of State. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/statistics/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_CMR.html Cameroon]". ''Human Development Report 2006''. United Nations Development Programme. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cm.html Cameroon]". ''The World Factbook''. United States Central Intelligence Agency. 15 March 2007. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://www.unaids.org/en/Regions_Countries/Countries/cameroon.asp Cameroon]". UNAIDS. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=22&year=2006&country=6935 Cameroon (2006)]". ''Country Report: 2006 Edition''. Freedom House, Inc. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://web.archive.org/web/20070526152356/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=20731 Cameroon – Annual Report 2007]". Reporters without Borders. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=57951 CAMEROON: New anti-corruption drive leaves many sceptical]". 27 January 2006. ''IRIN''. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* ''Constitution of the Republic of Cameroon'' ([http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/Cameroon.pdf English] and [http://www.prc.cm/instit/consti.htm French] versions). 18 January 1996. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* "[http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2007 Corruption Perceptions Index 2007]". Transparency International. Accessed 28 September 2007.
* DeLancey, Mark W., and Mark Dike DeLancey (2000): ''Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon'' (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press.
* [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2003/Table03.pdf ''Demographic Yearbook 2004'']. United Nations Statistics Division.
* "[http://web.archive.org/web/20060518021316/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGIOR410062006?open&of=ENG-CMR 2006 Elections to the Human Rights Council: Background information on candidate countries]". May 2006. Amnesty International Publications. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* Fanso, V. G. (1989). ''Cameroon History for Secondary Schools and Colleges, Vol. 1: From Prehistoric Times to the Nineteenth Century.'' Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd.
* Fitzpatrick, Mary (2002). "Cameroon." ''Lonely Planet West Africa'', 5th ed. China: Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd.
* Fomensky, R., M. Gwanfogbe, and F. Tsala, editorial advisers (1985) ''Macmillan School Atlas for Cameroon.'' Malaysia: Macmillan Education Ltd.
* Fonge, Fuabeh P. (1997). ''Modernization without Development in Africa: Patterns of Change and Continuity in Post-Independence Cameroonian Public Service''. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.
* Geschiere, Peter (1997). ''The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Postcolonial Africa''. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
* Gwanfogbe, Mathew, Ambrose Meligui, Jean Moukam, and Jeanette Nguoghia (1983). ''Geography of Cameroon.'' Hong Kong: Macmillan Education Ltd.
* "[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html#highpre Highest Average Annual Precipitation Extremes]". Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation, [[National Climatic Data Center]], 9 August 2004. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* Hudgens, Jim, and Richard Trillo (1999). ''West Africa: The Rough Guide''. 3rd ed. London: Rough Guides Ltd.
* International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (28 May 2007). "[http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/EKOI-73N32R?OpenDocument Cameroon: Population Movement; DREF Bulletin no. MDRCM004]". ReliefWeb. Accessed 18 June 2007.
* Kandemeh, Emmanuel (17 July 2007). "[http://www.cameroon-tribune.net/article.php?lang=Fr&oled=j17072007&idart=4085&olarch=j17072007 Journalists Warned against Declaring Election Results]", ''Cameroon Tribune''. Accessed 18 July 2007.
* Lantum, Daniel M., and Martin Ekeke Monono (2005). "Republic of Cameroon", ''Who Global Atlas of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine''. [[World Health Organization]].
* MacDonald, Brian S. (1997). "Case Study 4: Cameroon", ''Military Spending in Developing Countries: How Much Is Too Much?'' McGill-Queen's University Press.
* Matthews, Andy (12 March 2008). "[http://www.africanews.com/site/list_messages/16465 Cameroon protests in USA]", Africa News. Accessed 13 March 2008.
* Mbaku, John Mukum (2005). ''Culture and Customs of Cameroon''. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
* Musa, Tansa (8 April 2008). "[http://africa.reuters.com/wire/news/usnL08308448.html Biya plan to keep power in Cameroon clears hurdle]". Reuters. Accessed 9 April 2008.
* Musa, Tansa (27 June 2007). "[http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L27787695.htm Gunmen kill one, kidnap 22 in Cameroon near CAR]". Reuters. Accessed 27 June 2007.
* Neba, Aaron (1999). ''Modern Geography of the Republic of Cameroon,'' 3rd ed. Bamenda: Neba Publishers.
* Niba, Francis Ngwa (20 February 2007). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6376389.stm New language for divided Cameroon]". BBC News. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* Njeuma, Dorothy L. (no date). "[http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/soe/cihe/inhea/profiles/Cameroon.htm Country Profiles: Cameroon]". The Boston College Center for International Higher Education. Accessed 11 April 2008.
* Nkemngu, Martin A. (11 March 2008). "[http://www.cameroon-tribune.net/article.php?lang=Fr&oled=j11032008&idart=9281&olarch= Facts and Figures of the Tragic Protests]", ''[[Cameroon Tribune]]''. Accessed 12 March 2008.
* Nkolo, Jean-Victor, and Graeme Ewens (2000). "Cameroon: Music of a Small Continent". ''World Music, Volume 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East''. London: Rough Guides Ltd.
* "[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html Rank Order – Area]". ''The World Factbook''. United States Central Intelligence Agency. 15 March 2007. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* Sa'ah, Randy Joe (23 June 2006). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5107360.stm Cameroon girls battle 'breast ironing']". BBC News. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* Swarovski Orchestra (2004). ''National Anthems of the World''. Koch International Classics. Audio CD.
* Volet, Jean-Marie (10 November 2006). "[http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/CountryCameroonEN.html Cameroon Literature at a glance]". ''Reading women writers and African literatures''. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* West, Ben (2004). ''Cameroon: The Bradt Travel Guide''. Guilford, Connecticut: The Globe Pequot Press Inc.
* Wight, Susannah, ed. (2006). ''Cameroon''. Spain: MTH Multimedia S.L.
* "[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2006/02/data/index.aspx World Economic and Financial Surveys]". World Economic Outlook Database, International Monetary Fund. September 2006. Accessed 6 April 2007.
* ''[http://esa.un.org/unpp/ World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision Population Database]''. 2006. United Nations Population Division. Accessed 6 April 2007.
</div>
* [http://cpi.transparency.org/cpi2011/results 2011. "Corruption Perceptions Index"] Accessed 5 April 2012

==External links==
{{Sister project links|voy=Cameroon|Cameroon}}
; Government
* [http://www.presidenceducameroun.com Presidency of the Republic of Cameroon]
* [http://www.spm.gov.cm/index.php?L=1 Prime Minister's Office]
* [http://www.assemblenationale.cm/ National Assembly of Cameroon]
* [http://www.globalintegrity.org/report/Cameroon/2010/ Global Integrity Report: Cameroon] has reporting on anti-corruption in Cameroon
* [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-c/cameroon.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members]

; General information
* {{CIA World Factbook link|cm|Cameroon}}
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/cameroon.htm Cameroon] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Cameroon}}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13146029 Cameroon profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{Wikiatlas|Cameroon}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=CM Key Development Forecasts for Cameroon] from [[International Futures]]

{{Navboxes
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|title = [[File:Gnome-globe.svg|25px]]{{nbsp}}Geographic locale
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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}

[[Category:Cameroon| ]]
[[Category:Countries in Africa]]
[[Category:Countries bordering the Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:English-speaking countries and territories]]
[[Category:French-speaking countries]]
[[Category:Member states of La Francophonie]]
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