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NAT
Компьютерийн сүлжээнд NAT (Network Address Translation) буюу Сүлжээний Хаяг Хувиргагч гэж замчлагч төхөөрөмж (routing device) - уудаар дамжиж буй өгөгдлийн IP хаягыг хувиргаж буй процессийг хэлдэг. 

(contracted; show full)

1990 - өөд оны дунд үеэс NAT нь IPv4 хаягчлалын нөөц дуусах асуудлыг багасгахад хэрэглэсэн үндсэн хэрэгсэл болсон байдаг. Орчин үед ихэнх системүүд NAT - ыг ганц Public IP address буюу нийтийн IP хаяг ашиглан олон хост буюу хэрэглэгчдийг интернетэд холбох зорилгоор ашиглаж байна. 

NAT - нь зарим нэг ноцтой асуудлыг Интернет холболт дээр бий болгодог бөгөөд өгөгдөл илгээж буй хэрэглэгчийн хаяг болон портын дугаарыг хувиргаад явуулдаг нь зарим төрлийн холболтонд саад учруулдаг.
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{| class="wikitable"
|-
| {{anchor|Full-cone NAT}}'''Full-cone NAT''', also known as ''one-to-one NAT''

* Once an internal address (iAddr:iPort) is mapped to an external address (eAddr:ePort), any packets from iAddr:iPort will be sent through eAddr:ePort.
* ''Any external host'' can send packets to iAddr:iPort by sending packets to eAddr:ePort.
| [[Image:Full Cone NAT.svg|right|400px]]
|-
| {{anchor|Restricted-cone NAT}}'''(Address) restricted cone NAT'''

* Once an internal address (iAddr:iPort) is mapped to an external address (eAddr:ePort), any packets from iAddr:iPort will be sent through eAddr:ePort.
* An external host (''hAddr:any'') can send packets to iAddr:iPort by sending packets to eAddr:ePort only if iAddr:iPort has previously sent a packet to hAddr:''any''. "Any" means the port number doesn't matter.
| [[Image:Restricted Cone NAT.svg|right|400px]]
|-
| {{anchor|Port-restricted cone NAT}}'''Port-restricted cone NAT'''

Like an address restricted cone NAT, but the restriction includes port numbers.

* Once an internal address (iAddr:iPort) is mapped to an external address (eAddr:ePort), any packets from iAddr:iPort will be sent through eAddr:ePort.
* An external host (''hAddr:hPort'') can send packets to iAddr:iPort by sending packets to eAddr:ePort only if iAddr:iPort has previously sent a packet to hAddr:hPort.
| [[Image:Port Restricted Cone NAT.svg|right|400px]]
|-
| {{anchor|Symmetric NAT}}'''Symmetric NAT'''

* Each request from the same internal IP address and port to a specific destination IP address and port is mapped to a unique external source IP address and port, if the same internal host sends a packet even with the same source address and port but to a different destination, a different mapping is used.
* Only an external host that receives a packet from an internal host can send a packet back.
| [[Image:Symmetric NAT.svg|right|400px]]
|-
|}

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[[ar:ترجمة عنوان شبكة]]
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[[es:Network Address Translation]]
[[et:Võrguaadresside tõlkimine]]
[[eu:NAT]]
[[fa:برگردان نشانی شبکه]]
[[fi:Osoitteenmuunnos]]
[[fr:Network address translation]]
[[he:Network Address Translation]]
[[hu:Hálózati címfordítás]]
[[id:Penafsiran alamat jaringan]]
[[is:Network address translation]]
[[it:Network address translation]]
[[ja:ネットワークアドレス変換]]
[[ko:네트워크 주소 변환]]
[[nl:Network address translation]]
[[no:Network Address Translation]]
[[pl:Network Address Translation]]
[[pms:NAT]]
[[pt:Network address translation]]
[[ru:NAT]]
[[simple:Network address translation]]
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[[sr:NAT]]
[[sv:Network Address Translation]]
[[ta:பிணைய முகவரி மொழிபெயர்ப்பு]]
[[tr:NAT]]
[[uk:NAT]]
[[vi:Biên dịch địa chỉ mạng]]
[[zh:网络地址转换]]