Difference between revisions 3301192 and 3360458 on mswiki

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Kes patung teddy Sudan
'''Kes kata-kata kufur beruang teddy Sudan''' adalah berkenaan dengan penangkapan dan sabitan seorang [[guru]] [[United Kingdom|British]] di [[Sekolah Menengah Unity (Sudan)|Sekolah Menengah Unity]], [[Sudan]]. 

==Penangkapan==
Gillian Gibbons (lahir [[1953]]) dari [[Liverpool]] telah ditangkap oleh pihak berkuasa Sudan kerana [[Kata-kata kufur|menghina]] [[Islam]] dengan membenarkan kelasnya menamakan sebuah [[beruang teddy]] sebagai "Muhammad".<ref name=BBC1>{{cite news |title='Muhammad' teddy teacher arrested |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7112929.stm |publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2007-11-26 |accessdate=2007-11-28}}</ref><ref name=Times>{{cite news|author=Rob Crilly in Khartoum and Lucy Bannerman |title=Sudan police throw teacher in jail for teddy bear named Muhammad|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/africa/article2951262.ece|publisher=[[The Times]]|date=2007-11-27 |accessdate=2007-11-28}}</ref>  Seorang kanak-kanak lelaki di dalam kelas yang juga bernama Muhammad kemudian mendakwa bahawa patung beruang itu dinamakan selepasnya.<ref name=Times/> 

Pada mulanya, rungutan itu dianggap berasal daripada seorang ibu bapa murid di sekolah itu. Ia kemudian didedahkan bahawa Sara Khawad, seorang pembantu pejabat, telah mengadu dan menjadi saksi utama pendakwaan.<ref name=guardian>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/sudan/story/0,,2219876,00.html|title=Jailed teddy row teacher appeals for tolerance|date=2007-11-30 |accessdate=2007-12-01 |quote=The complainant was named as Sara Khawad, an office assistant at the school, who was the key prosecution witness.}}</ref>

Pendapat tersebar luas bahawa [[Muslim]] [[Sunah Waljamaah|Sunah]] adalah untuk mengutuk apa-apa penggambaran [[Muhammad]] yang umat Muslim menganggap sebagai [[Seal of the Prophets|nabi terakhir]] dan [[Nabi-nabi Islam|nabi]] [[Allah]]. Walau bagaimanapun, banyak pertubuhan Muslim di dalam negara mengutuk orang Sudan di khalayak ramai kerana tindakan mereka,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/cross-cultural/intercultural-communication-translation-news/2007/11/29/muhammad-the-teddy-bear-a-case-of-intercultural-incompetence/|title=Muhammad & the teddy bear: a case of intercultural incompetence|date=2007-11-29 |accessdate=2007-12-01}}</ref> dan mendakwa bahawa pandangan terhadap peristiwa itu pada keseluruhannya adalah salah kerana Gillian Gibbons tidak salah dan tiada kesalahan diniatkan.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7123517.stm Sudanese Views differ in Teddy Row], BBC News</ref>

==Sabitan==
Pada [[28 November]] [[2007]], Gibbons dilaporkan dituduh secara rasmi di bawah Seksyen 125, Akta Jenayah Sudan kerana "menghina agama, mengapi-apikan kebencian dan menunjukkan rasa benci terhadap kepercayaan agama".<ref name=BBC2>{{cite news |title='Muhammad' Teacher charged over teddy row |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7117430.stm |publisher=BBC|date=2007-11-28 |accessdate=2007-11-29}}</ref><ref name=BBC>{{cite news |title=UK teacher goes to court in Sudan |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7118245.stm |publisher=BBC|date=2007-11-29 |accessdate=2007-11-29}}</ref> Tuduhan itu boleh mengakibatkan hukum pemenjaraan maksimum, denda, atau [[pencambukan]] sebanyak 40 [[rotan]].

Pada [[29 November]] [[2007]], Gibbons didapati bersalah kerana "menghina agama" dan dihukum pemenjaraan selama 15 hari serta pengusiran.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7119399.stm|title=UK teacher jailed over teddy row|date=2007-11-29|accessdate=2007-11-29}}</ref> [[Muslim Council of Britain]], sebuah [[organisasi penaung]] kumpulan-kumpulan [[Islam di United Kingdom|Muslim British]], mengatakan bahawa hukuman tersebut "langsung tidak wajar" <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,313865,00.html|title=U.K.: Sudan Ambassador Will Relay Concerns Over Teddy Bear Teacher|publisher=''[[Fox News]]''|accessdate=2007-11-29|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=2007-11-29}}</ref> dan mereka berasa "terkejut",<ref>{{cite news|url=http://blogs.reuters.com/ask/2007/11/29/teddy-bear-teacher-was-she-naive/|title=Teddy bear teacher ― was she naive?|publisher=''[[Reuters]]''|accessdate=2007-11-29|date=2007-11-29|author=Addison, Stephen}}</ref> lalu meminta [[Politik Sudan|pemerintahan Sudan]] supaya campur tangan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,,-7111328,00.html|title= Sudan Charges Teacher for Teddy Bear Name|publisher=''Guardian Unlimited''|accessdate=2007-11-29|date=2007-11-29|author=de Montesquiou, Alfred|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/20071202190621/www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,,-7111328,00.html|archivedate=2007-12-02}}</ref>

Pada [[30 November]], lebih kurang 400 orang pembantah menunjuk perasaan <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7126529.stm</ref> selepas para [[imam]] mengecam Gibbons  semasa [[Solat Jumaat]]. Sesetengah mereka melambai-lambai [[pedang]] dan [[parang]] untuk mendesak supaya Gibbons dijatuhkan [[hukuman mati]] <ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20071130/ap_on_re_af/sudan_british_teacher | title=Calls in Sudan for execution of Briton | date=30 November 2007 | publisher=Associated Press | author=Mohamed Osman|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071214074333/news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20071130/ap_on_re_af/sudan_british_teacher|archivedate=14 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20071130/wl_uk_afp/sudanbritainreligiondiplomacydemo | title=Khartoum demo calls for teacher to be shot |publisher=[[American Free Press]] |date=2007-11-30 |accessdate=2007-12-01 |author=Charles Onians}}</ref> Semasa tunjuk perasaan, teriakan yang berulang-ulang seperti "Aib, UK aib", "Tiada toleransi - hukuman mati", serta "Bunuhnya, bunuhnya dengan pasukan penembak" dapat didengar. Para saksi melaporkan bahawa kakitangan pemerintahan terlibat dalam mengapi-apikan bantahan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/01/world/africa/01sudan.html|title=Calls in Sudan for Execution of British Teacher|publisher="[[The New York Times]]"|date=2007-11-30 |accessdate=2007-11-30}}</ref> Gibbons kemudian dipindah ke sebuah tempat yang rahsia bagi memastikan keselamatannya.<ref name="Peers"/>

==Pembebasan==
Dalam percubaan untuk mendesak pembebasan Gibbons, dua orang ahli [[Islam di United Kingdom|Muslim British]] [[House of Lords]], iaitu [[Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed|Lord Ahmed]] and [[Sayeeda Warsi, Baroness Warsi|Baroness Warsi]], melawat Sudan dengan harapan untuk berbincang dengan [[Omar al-Bashir]], Presiden Sudan.<ref name="Peers">{{cite news| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7122323.stm | title=UK peers in bid to free teacher |publisher = ''[[BBC News]]''| date = [[2007-12-01]]}}</ref>

Pada [[3 Disember]], semasa dua orang ahli politik British tersebut sedang bermesyuarat dengan Presiden Omar al-Bashir, pengumuman dibuat bahawa Gibbons akan dibebaskan dari penjara selepas pengampunan Presiden. Pada hari tersebut, Perkhidmatan Dunia BBC melaporkan bahawa Presiden Omar al-Bashir telah mengampun Gibbons. Gibbons kemudian dibebaskan dari penjara dan diserahkan kepada duta British di [[Khartoum]]. Selepas membalas dalam suatu penyataan bertulis bahawa "Saya amat menghormati agama Islam dan tidak bermaksud menyinggung sesiapa pun",<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7124447.stm Teddy row teacher freed from jail], ''BBC World Service'', December 3, 2007</ref><ref>"[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22076390/ Teddy bear" teacher leaves Sudan after pardon]", ''MSNBC''</ref> dia kembali ke tempat lahirnya di Britain. Sekolah tersebut ditutup sehingga Januari 2008 bagi memastikan keselamatan murid dan kakitangan kerana tindak balas ditakuti.<ref name="Times" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/us_world/2007/11/29/2007-11-29_teddy_bear_teacher_found_guilty.html|title=Teddy bear teacher found guilty|publisher=''[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]''|accessdate=2007-11-29|date=2007-11-29}}</ref>

== Lihat juga ==
*[[Kebebasan bercakap lawan kata-kata kufur]]
*[[Kontroversi kartun Jyllands-Posten Muhammad]]
*[[Kontroversi Satanic Verses]]

== Rujukan ==
{{reflist|2}}

==Pautan luar==
{{wikinewshas|news coverage of the ''Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case''|
* [[n:British teacher faces 40 lashes over teddy bear's name|British teacher faces 40 lashes over teddy bear's name]]
* [[n:British teacher convicted of insulting Islam in Sudan|British teacher convicted of insulting Islam in Sudan]]
* [[n:Sudanese protesters demand death for British teacher|Sudanese protesters demand death for British teacher]]
* [[n:Teacher jailed over teddy bear given pardon|Teacher jailed over teddy bear given pardon]]}}
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/7115821.stm What can't be named Muhammad?] - ''[[BBC]]'' article exploring differing Arabic views on the use of the name Muhammad
*[http://www.sanluisobispo.com/182/story/212579.html Moderate Muslims must speak against treatment of teacher] by Rushdi Abdul Cader at [http://www.sanluisobispo.com/ SanLuisObispo.com]
*[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/g/a/2007/12/05/notes120507.DTL Let us kill all the teddy bears] by [[Mark Morford]] at ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]''

[[Kategori:2007 di Sudan]]
[[Kategori:Perbalahan berkait Islam]]
[[Kategori:Penyembahan]]
[[Kategori:Beruang teddy]]