Difference between revisions 4777875 and 4777876 on mswiki

{{redirect|Fisgard Street|rumah api bersejarah di bandar Colwood yang berdekatan|Tapak Bersejarah Negara Rumah Api Fisgard|Pekan Cina di Melbourne|Pekan Cina, Melbourne}}
{{coord|48.429364|-123.367909|display=title}}
{{Infobox settlement|
|name          = Chinatown
|settlement_type        = Neighbourhood
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = {{CAN}}
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces of Canada|Province]]
(contracted; show full)rin lorong-lorong dan halamannya, yang berisi segala sesuatu dari teater filem dan restoran hingga tempat perjudian."<ref name=RoyalBCMuseumNewHome>"[https://www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/journeys/english/city_2_3b.php Seeking a New Home]" ([https://www.webcitation.org/6VtCjsL2M?url=https://www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/journeys/english/city_2_3b.php Archive]). [[Royal BC Museum]]. Retrieved on 27 January 2015.</ref>

== Sejarah ==
Penemuan emas di [[Fraser Canyon Gold Rush
 | |Fraser Canyon pada tahun 1858]] menyebabkan lonjakan imigrasi secara tiba-tiba ke [[British Columbia]] dari California, sekitar satu pertiga daripadanya adalah orang Cina. Dalam setahun, penghijrahan ke jajahan langsung dari China bermula ketika penyebaran berita mengenai penemuan emas, tetapi [[emas tergesa-gesa]] adalah satu-satunya sebab banyak warganegara China berhijrah. [[Kelaparan]], [[kemarau]] atau [[perang]] di tanah air mereka juga mendorong pelayaran melintasi [[Lautan Pasifik]] ke Victoria (di Mahkota [[Koloni Pulau Vancouver]] dalam perjalanan ke [[Fraser Canyon]], dan kemudian ke [[Barkerville]] dan [[emas British Columbia bergegas | ladang emas lain di daratan]]). Majoriti penduduk berasal dari Selatan [[China]], di [[Guangdong]] wilayah. Kemudian, pembinaan [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] akan terus membawa pekerja China. Kebanyakannya adalah lelaki yang berhijrah, tetapi jika mereka dapat menghasilkan cukup wang, mereka akan menghantar keluarga mereka.<!--ini salah; hanya sebilangan kecil yang dihantar untuk keluarga mereka, dan penghijrahan lelaki dari China dihalang oleh pemerintah China-->
[[File:The Gate of Harmonious Interest - Victoria, BC, Canada - panoramio.jpg|thumb|The [[Gate of Harmonious Interest]] was erected in the 1980s, as a part of a larger revitalization effort.]]
Initially [[Gerbang Kepentingan Harmonis]] didirikan pada tahun 1980-an, sebagai bagian dari usaha revitalisasi yang lebih besar.]]
Awalnya ckollection of crude wooden huts, Victoria's Chinatown rapidly evolved into a dense neighborhood of businesses, movie theaters, schools, churches, temples and a hospital. It did gain a dark, seedy reputation however, because of opium factories, gambling dens and brothels. Chinatown grew steadily over the years until its peak in 1911, when it occupied an area of about six city blocks in the north end of downtowneksi pondok kayu mentah, Pekan Cina Victoria dengan cepat berkembang menjadi kawasan perniagaan yang padat, teater filem, sekolah, gereja, pekong dan sebuah hospital. Namun, ia mendapat reputasi gelap dan kumuh, kerana kilang candu, kandang judi dan rumah pelacuran. Chinatown tumbuh dengan stabil selama bertahun-tahun hingga puncaknya pada tahun 1911, ketika ia menempati kawasan sekitar enam blok kota di ujung utara pusat kota Victoria.<ref name="Yee, Paul 2005">{{cite book|title=Chinatown: An Illustrated History of the Chinese Communities of Victoria |author=Yee, Paul|year=2005|publisher=James Lorimer & Company|isbn=1-55028-842-3}}</ref> This area included two blocks ofKawasan ini merangkumi dua blok Herald Street, twodua blocks ofk Fisgard Street, dand two blocks of old dua blok Cormorant Street. The b lama. Block betweenantara Storeet Street dand Government Street has since been renamedsejak itu diganti namanya menjadi Pandora Street, dand the block between Government Street and Douglas Street is now part of [[Centennial Square]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/images/chdia4m2.jpg |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218232940/http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/images/chdia4m2.jpg |archive-date=18 February 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1911, Victoria's Chinatown housed 3,158 people,<ref name="Yee, Paul 2005"/> almost more than the entire population of downtown Victoria (including Chinatown and Harris Green) in 2001.<ref>[http://www.victoria.ca/common/pdfs/profiles_neigh_dwntwn_01.pdf ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218023551/http://www.victoria.ca/common/pdfs/profiles_neigh_dwntwn_01.pdf |date=18 December 2007 }}</ref>  From the late nineteenth century to the first decade of the twentieth century, it was the largest Chinese settlement in Canada.<ref>{{cite web|title=Victoria's Chinatown|url=http://chinatown.library.uvic.ca/home|website=University of Victoria|publisher=[[University of Victoria]]|accessdate=28 September 2016}}</ref>

Victoria's Chinatown suffered a period of decline between the 1920s and the 1970s, shrinking dramatically both in size and in population. In the 1980s, significant revitalization efforts were undertaken, most notably the construction of the [[Gate of Harmonious Interest]] on Fisgard Street (at Government Street). Ongoing revitalization over the years has included the introduction of coffee shops, cafes, studios, and workshops, as well as a small condominium development in Dragon Alley.<ref>[http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/frames/chinahist.htm Chinatown History – Communities In B.C. – Bc Archives Time Machine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080418012333/http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/frames/chinahist.htm |date=18 April 2008 }}. Bcarchives.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.moorepaterson.com/heritage.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 Marchantara Government Street dan Douglas Street kini menjadi sebahagian dari [[Centennial Square]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/images/chdia4m2.jpg |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218232940/http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/images/chdia4m2.jpg |archive-date=18 February 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Pada tahun 1911, Pekan Cina Victoria menampung 3,158 orang,<ref name="Yee, Paul 2005"/> almost more than the entire population of downtown Victoria (including Chinatown and Harris Green) in 2001.<ref>[http://www.victoria.ca/common/pdfs/profiles_neigh_dwntwn_01.pdf ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218023551/http://www.victoria.ca/common/pdfs/profiles_neigh_dwntwn_01.pdf |date=18 December 2007 }}</ref>  Dari akhir abad kesembilan belas hingga dekad pertama abad kedua puluh, ia adalah penempatan orang Cina terbesar di Kanada.<ref>{{cite web|title=Victoria's Chinatown|url=http://chinatown.library.uvic.ca/home|website=University of Victoria|publisher=[[University of Victoria]]|accessdate=28 September 2016}}</ref>

Pekan Cina Victoria mengalami periode penurunan antara tahun 1920-an dan 1970-an, menyusut secara mendadak baik dari segi ukuran dan jumlah penduduk. Pada tahun 1980-an, usaha revitalisasi yang besar telah dilakukan, terutama pembangunan [[Gerbang Kepentingan Harmonis]] di Fisgard Street (di Jalan Kerajaan). Revitalisasi yang sedang berlangsung selama bertahun-tahun termasuk pengenalan kedai kopi, kafe, studio, dan bengkel, serta pembangunan kondominium kecil di Dragon Alley.<ref>[http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/frames/chinahist.htm Chinatown History – Communities In B.C. – Bc Archives Time Machine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080418012333/http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler02/frames/chinahist.htm |date=18 April 2008 }}. Bcarchives.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.moorepaterson.com/heritage.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 Mac 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051102022606/http://www.moorepaterson.com/heritage.html |archive-date=2 November 2005 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Pekan Cina hari ini==
[[File:Fan Tan Alley, Victoria, Canada 09.jpg|thumb|upright|Pekan Cina saat ini merupakan kawasan yang popular untuk pelancong, yang terdiri dari beberapa tempat bersejarah, termasuk [[Fan Tan Alley]].]]
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[[Kategori:Pekan Cina di Kanada|Victoria]]
[[Kategori:Budaya Cina Kanada di British Columbia]]
[[Kategori:Kawasan etnik di British Columbia]]
[[Kategori:Tapak warisan di British Columbia]]
[[Kategori:Daerah bersejarah di Kanada]]
[[Kategori:Tapak Bersejarah Nasional di British Columbia]]
[[Kategori:Kejiranan di Victoria, British Columbia]]