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Revision 3302125 of "Kebangkitan dunia Arab" on mswiki{{BM}}
{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox civil conflict
|title=Kebangkitan dunia Arab<br /><big>{{lang|ar|الثّورات العربيّة}}</big><!-- PLEASE discuss on talk page before reversing these geographical titles – leave to reflect the article title --><br />{{transl|ar|ath-Thawrāt al-‘Arabiyyah}}
|image=[[Imej:Info box collage for mena Arabic protests.png|300px|alt=Collage for MENA protests]]
|caption= '''Searah jarum jam dari kiri atas:''' Para pengtunjuk rasa berkumpul di [[Dataran Tahrir]] di [[Kaherah]], [[Mesir]]; Pengtunjuk rasa berjalan melintasi [[Avenue Habib Bourguiba|Habib Bourguiba Avenue]] di [[Tunis]], [[Tunisia]]; Pembangkangan politik di [[Sana'a]], [[Yaman]], meminta pengunduran diri presiden; Ribuan pengtunjuk rasa di [[Karrana]], [[Bahrain]]; Ratusan ribu orang di [[Hama]], [[Syria]]; Pengtunjuk rasa di [[Al Bayda' (Libya)|Al Bayda]], [[Libya]].
|place=[[Dunia Arab]] <small>(''lihat [[#Ringkasan bantahan menurut negara|daftar negara]]'')</small><!-- PLEASE discuss on talk page before reversing these geographical titles – leave to reflect the article title -->
|coordinates=
|date={{Start date|2010|12|18|df=yes}} – sekarang <br>({{Age in years and days|2010|12|18}})
|methods=<nowiki></nowiki>
* [[Ketidakpatuhan sipil]]
* [[Pemberontakan sipil]]
* [[Tunjuk rasa]]
* [[Aktivisme dalam talian]]
* [[Kem bantahan]]
* [[Pemberontakan]]
* [[Revolusi]]
* [[Pembakaran diri]]
* [[Tindakan serangan]]
* [[Kebangkitan]]
* [[Peperangan kota]]
|goal=<nowiki></nowiki>
* [[Demokrasi]]
* [[Hak asasi manusia]]
* [[Pemilihan umum]] bebas dan adil
* [[Perubahan rejim]]
|causes=<nowiki></nowiki>
* Faktor struktur demografi<ref>[[Andrey Korotayev|Korotayev A.]], Zinkina J. [http://cliodynamics.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=276&Itemid=70 Egyptian Revolution: A Demographic Structural Analysis. ''Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar'' 13 (2011): 139–169.]</ref> <small>(''lihat {{sectionlink|Motivasi}}'')</small>
* [[Otoritarianisme|Negara otoriter]]
* [[Kemiskinan lampau]]
* [[Rasuah kerajaan]]
* [[Pelanggaran hak asasi manusia]]
* [[Inflasi]]
* [[Kleptokrasi]]
* [[Sektarianisme]]
* [[Pengangguran]]
|status=Sedang berlangsung <small>({{as of|2011|07|7|lc=y}})</small>
<small>
* Presiden Tunisia [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali|Ben Ali]] dan kerajaanannya digulingkan.
* Presiden Mesir [[Hosni Mubarak]] dan kerajaanannya digulingkan.
* Situasi tidak jelas di Yaman setelah Presiden Yaman [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]] berangkat ke [[Arab Saudi]] untuk perawatan kesehatan dan memberikan kekuasaan kepada Wakil Presiden.
* Pemimpin Libya [[Muammar al-Qaddafi]] tewas setelah sebuah [[Perang Saudara Libya 2011|perang saudara]] dan intervensi militer. Kerajaanannya dugulingksn
* Pemberontakan sipil terhadap kerajaan Syria dan Bahrain, meski kerajaanannya berubah.
* Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon dan Oman mengubah kerajaanannya sebagai tanggapan terhadap protes.
* Maghribi menerapkan reformasi konstitusi sebagai tanggapan terhadap protes.
* Bantahan berlanjut di Aljazair, Irak, dan negara lain.
</small>
|result= <!-- fill when conflict is over, status should be empty -->
|fatalities=30,634–37,228+ (Perkiraan internasional; [[#Pengenalan#Ringkasan bantahan menurut negara|lihat tabel di bawah]])
|injuries=<!-- we don't know the number -->
|arrests=<!-- we don't know the number, some arrested then escaped -->
}}
'''Kebangkitan dunia Arab''' atau '''Musim Semi Arab''' ({{lang-en|The Arab Spring}}; {{lang-ar|الثورات العربية}}, secara harafiah ''Pemberontakan Arab'') adalah [[gelombang revolusi]] [[tunjuk rasa]] dan [[protes]] yang terjadi di [[dunia Arab]]. Sejak 18 Desember 2010, telah terjadi revolusi di [[Revolusi Tunisia|Tunisia]]<ref name="tropicpost">{{Cite news | title = Middle East In Revolt |url= http://www.tropicpost.com/middle-east-in-revolt/ | date=11 February 2011 | accessdate=11 February 2011}}</ref> dan [[Revolusi Mesir 2011|Mesir]];<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0211/Egypt-s-revolution-redefines-what-s-possible-in-the-Arab-world|agency=Christian Science Monitor|date=11 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Egypt's revolution redefines what's possible in the Arab world|first=Scott|last=Peterson}}</ref> [[Perang saudara Libya 2011|perang saudara di Libya]];<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8344034/Libya-civil-war-breaks-out-as-Gaddafi-mounts-rearguard-fight.html|agency=The Telegraph|date=23 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Libya: civil war breaks out as Gaddafi mounts rearguard fight|first=Richard|last=Spencer}}</ref> pemberontakan sipil di [[Pemberontakan Bahrain 2011|Bahrain]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/939631--death-turns-harmless-man-into-bahrain-uprising-s-martyr|agency=The Toronto Star|date=16 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Death turns ‘harmless man’ into Bahrain uprising’s martyr|first=Jesse|last=McLean}}</ref> [[Pemberontakan Syria 2011|Syria]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,753517,00.html|agency=Der Spiegel|date=28 March 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title='It Will Not Stop': Syrian Uprising Continues Despite Crackdown}}</ref> and [[Pemberontakan Yaman 2011|Yaman]];<ref>{{Cite web |work = The New York Times | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/world/middleeast/28yemen.html | date=28 January 2011 | title = Thousands in Yemen Protest Against the Government | first1=Nada | last1=Bakri | first2=J. David | last2=Goodman |postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref> bantahan besar di [[Bantahan Aljazair 2010–2011|Aljazair]],<ref>{{cite news|agency=CBC News|title=Algeria protest draws thousands|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2011/02/12/algeria.html|date=12 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011}}</ref> [[Bantahan Irak 2011|Irak]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/24/AR2011022403117.html|agency=The Washington Post|date=25 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|first=Stephanie|last=McCrummen|title=13 killed in Iraq's 'Day of Rage' protests}}</ref> [[Bantahan Jordan 2011|Jordan]],<ref>{{cite news|date=28 January 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/01/2011128125157509196.html|agency=Al Jazeera English|title=Thousands protest in Jordan}}</ref> [[Bantahan Maghribi 2011|Maghribi]],<ref name = "afrol1">{{cite web|url=http://www.afrol.com/articles/37175|title= Morocco King on holiday as people consider revolt | publisher=Afrol.com|year= 2011 | accessdate=1 February 2011}}</ref> dan [[Bantahan Oman 2011|Oman]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/oman/one-dead-dozen-injured-as-oman-protest-turns-ugly-1.768789|agency=Gulf News|date=27 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|first=Sunil|last=Vaidya|title=One dead, dozen injured as Oman protest turns ugly}}</ref> dan bantahan kecil di [[Bantahan Kuwait 2011|Kuwait]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=44476|agency=Middle East Online|date=20 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Kuwaiti stateless protest for third day}}</ref> [[2011 Lebanese protests|Lebanon]],<ref>{{cite news | url = http://af.reuters.com/article/egyptNews/idAFLDE71Q08L20110227 | title = Lebanon: Protests against Sectarian Political System|publisher=Reuters |date=27 February 2011| accessdate=8 March 2011}}</ref> [[Bantahan Mauritania 2011|Mauritania]],<ref>{{Cite news|url= http://news.yahoo.com/s/ac/20110224/pl_ac/7929736_benin_senegal_mauritania_impacted_by_protest_movements|title = Benin, Senegal, Mauritania Impacted by Protest Movements|publisher=Yahoo!| date=24 February 2011 |accessdate=25 February 2011 | first = Shawn | last = Humphrey|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110302230053/news.yahoo.com/s/ac/20110224/pl_ac/7929736_benin_senegal_mauritania_impacted_by_protest_movements|archivedate=2 March 2011}}</ref> [[Bantahan Saudi 2011|Arab Saudi]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12260465|title=Man dies after setting himself on fire in Saudi Arabia |publisher=BBC News |date=23 January 2011|accessdate=29 January 2011}}</ref> [[Bantahan Sudan 2011|Sudan]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/160998.html|title= Sudan opposition leader arrested| publisher=Press TV | location = IR |date=19 January 2011|accessdate=29 January 2011}}</ref> dan [[Bantahan Sahrawi 2011|Sahara Barat]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.afrol.com/articles/37450|agency=Afrol|date=27 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=New clashes in occupied Western Sahara}}</ref> Kerusuhan di [[Demonstasi perbatasan Israel 2011|perbatasan Israel]] bulan Mei 2011 juga terinspirasi oleh kebangkitan dunia Arab ini.<ref>{{cite news|agency=FOX News|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/06/06/israeli-troops-gird-for-more-syria-border-violence/|date=6 June 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Syria Blocks New Border Protest as Death Toll Rises to 23}}</ref> Bantahan ini menggunakan teknik [[pemberontakan sipil]] dalam kampanye yang melibatkan serangan, demonstrasi, pawai, dan pemanfaatan [[media sosial]], seperti [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], [[YouTube]], dan [[Skype]], untuk mengorganisir, berkomunikasi, dan meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap usaha-usaha penekanan dan [[penyensoran Internet]] oleh kerajaan.<ref name = cascading>{{cite web|url= http://www.miller-mccune.com/politics/the-cascading-effects-of-the-arab-spring-28575/|title=The Arab Uprising's Cascading Effects|publisher=Miller-mccune.com|date=23 February 2011|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref> Banyak tunjuk rasa ditanggapi keras oleh pihak berwajib,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/05/22/uk-morocco-protests-idUKTRE74L2YU20110522|agency=Reuters|title=Many wounded as Moroccan police beat protestors|date=23 May 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/opinion/2011/0531/1224298143757.html|agency=The Irish Times|date=31 May 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Syria's crackdown}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/03/16/501364/main20043683.shtml|agency=CBS News|date=16 March 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Bahrain troops lay siege to protesters' camp}}</ref> serta milisi dan pengtunjuk rasa pro-kerajaan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/0/10315/World/0/Syria-clampdown-on-protests-mirrors-Egypts-as-thug.aspx|agency=Ahram Online|date=19 April 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Syria clampdown on protests mirrors Egypt's as thugs join attcks}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/yemeni-government-supporters-attack-protesters-injuring-hundreds/2011/03/16/AB56R9g_story.html|agency=The Washington Post|date=17 March 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Yemeni government supporters attack protesters, injuring hundreds|first=Hakim|last=Almasmari}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/02/24/libya-protests-gaddafi-fo_n_827568.html|agency=The Huffington Post|date=24 February 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011|title=Libya Protests: Gaddafi Militia Opens Fire On Demonstrators}}</ref> Slogan pengtunjuk rasa di dunia Arab yaitu ''[[Ash-sha`b yurid isqat an-nizam]]'' (''"Rakyat ingin menumbangkan rezim ini"'').<ref name = slogan>{{cite web|author=Uriel Abulof|url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/uriel-abulof/what-is-the-arab-third-es_b_832628.html|title=What Is the Arab Third Estate?|publisher=The Huffington Post|date=10 March 2011|accessdate=1 May 2011}}</ref>
== Pengenalan ==
Serangkaian bantahan dan demonstrasi di seluruh [[Timur Tengah]] dan [[Afrika Utara]] telah dikenal luas dengan sebutan "''The Arab Spring''",<ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12339521 | title= Egypt protests: an Arab spring as old order crumbles | publisher=BBC | date=2 February 2011 | accessdate=9 March 2011 | first= Roger | last= Hardy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.gosanangelo.com/news/2011/mar/08/arab-145spring-a-chance-for-us-to-rewrite-former/ | title= Arab 'spring' a chance for U.S. to rewrite relationships | publisher=[[San Angelo Standard-Times]] | date=8 March 2011 | accessdate=9 March 2011 | first= Kate | last= Smith}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/moisi62/English | title= An Arab Spring? | publisher=Project Syndicate| date=26 January 2011 | accessdate=9 March 2011 | first= Dominique | last= Moisi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.thenation.com/article/158991/arab-spring | title= http://www.thenation.com/article/158991/arab-spring | publisher=[[The Nation]] | date=3 March 2011 | accessdate=9 March 2011 | first= Rashid | last= Khalidi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/mar/06/arab-spring-european-reply-labour | title= The Arab spring requires a defiantly European reply |work=The Guardian |location=UK | date=6 March 2011 | accessdate=9 March 2011 | first= Jackie | last= Ashley}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2011/03/arab_spring | title= Arab Spring – Who lost Egypt? |work=The Economist | date=1 March 2011 | accessdate=9 March 2011}}
</ref> dan kadang "Musim Semi dan Dingin Arab",<ref>{{cite web|last=Miller|first=Aaron|title=What Is Israel’s Next Move In The New Middle East?|url=http://www.momentmag.com/moment/issues/2011/06/IsraelsNextMove.html|work=Moment Magazine|publisher=Moment Magazine|accessdate=5/6/2011}}</ref> "Kebangkitan Arab"<ref>{{cite news |url = http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/spotlight/2011/02/2011222121213770475.html}}{{cite news |url = http://www.americanthinker.com/2011/05/arab_awakening.html}}{{cite news |url =http://www.economist.com/blogs/newsbook/2011/03/protests_middle_east | work=The Economist | title=The Arab awakening reaches Syria}}</ref> atau "Pemberontakan Arab"<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.thenation.com/blog/158670/arab-uprisings-what-february-20-protests-tell-us-about-morocco}}{{cite news |url = http://www.economist.com/node/18332630}}</ref> meski tidak semua pihak yang terlibat dalam bantahan merupakan [[bangsa Arab]]. Rangkaian ini berawal dari bantahan pertama yang terjadi di [[Tunisia]] tanggal 18 Desember 2010 setelah [[pembakaran diri]] [[Mohamed Bouazizi]] dalam bantahan atas rasuah polisi dan perawatan kesehatan.<ref>{{Cite news |url = http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/22/world/africa/22sidi.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1&src=twrhp|title=Slap to a Man's Pride Set Off Tumult in Tunisia |work=The New York Times |date=22 January 2011|accessdate=1 February 2011|first=Kareem|last=Fahim}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Noueihed|first=Lin|url = http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/01/19/uk-tunisia-protests-bouazizi-idUKTRE70I7TV20110119|title=Peddler's martyrdom launched Tunisia's revolution | publisher=Reuters | place = UK |date=19 January 2011 |accessdate=1 February 2011}}</ref> Dengan kesuksesan bantahan di Tunisia, [[gelombang revolusi|gelombang kerusuhan]] menjalar ke [[Aljazair]], [[Jordan]], [[Mesir]], dan [[Yaman]],<ref>{{Cite news| url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/27/AR2011012702081.html|title=Inspired by Tunisia and Egypt, Yemenis join in anti-government protests|work=The Washington Post |date=27 January 2011|accessdate=1 February 2011|first=Sudarsan|last=Raghavan}}</ref> kemudian ke negara-negara lain, dengan tunjuk rasa terbesar dan paling terorganisir terjadi pada "hari kemarahan", biasanya hari Jumat setelah salat Jumat.<ref>{{Cite news|url= http://arabnews.com/middleeast/article250370.ece|title=Yemenis square off in rival 'Day of Rage' protests |publisher=Arab News |date=3 February 2011 |accessdate=6 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Police in south Yemen disperse 'day of rage' protests| publisher=Google | url = http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gXNO9M4Mutdc9jI1glhjbs3lX5eg|accessdate=13 February 2011|newspaper=Hosted news | agency=Agence Presse-France|date=11 February 2011|location=Aden, Yemen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=White|first=Gregory|title=Bahrain Now Bracing For Its Own Day Of Rage After Giving Every Family $2,660 Fails|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/bahrain-day-of-rage-2011-2|accessdate=13 February 2011|newspaper=Business Insider|date=13 February 2011}}</ref> Bantahan ini juga mendorong kerusuhan sejenis [[Dampak kebangkitan dunia Arab|di luar kawasan Arab]].
{{As of|2011|07}}, ttunjuk rasa ini telah mengakibatkan penggulingan dua kepala negara, yaitu Presiden Tunisia [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali]] yang kabur ke Arab Saudi tanggal 14 Januari setelah bantahan [[revolusi Tunisia]], dan di Mesir, [[Presiden Mesir|Presiden]] [[Hosni Mubarak]] mengundurkan diri pada 11 Februari 2011, setelah 18 hari bantahan massal dan mengakhiri masa kepemimpinannya selama 30 tahun. Selama periode kerusuhan regional ini, beberapa pemimpin negara mengumumkan keinginannya untuk tidak mencalonkan diri lagi setelah masa jabatannya berakhir. Presiden [[Sudan]] [[Omar al-Bashir]] mengumumkan ia tidak akan mencalonkan diri lagi pada 2015,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=417637&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17|title=Party: Bashir is not standing for re-election|agency=Gulf Times|date=22 February 2011|accessdate=22 February 2011}}</ref> begitu pula Perdana Menteri [[Irak]] [[Nouri al-Maliki]], yang masa jabatannya berakhir tahun 2014,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/02/05/43000042.html |title=Iraq PM plans no re-election|agency=Voice of Russia|date=5 February 2011|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref> meski tunjuk rasa semakin menjadi-jadi menuntut pengunduran dirinya sesegera mungkin.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.alsumaria.tv/en/Iraq-News/1-60907-.html|title=Iraq angered protesters call for Maliki resignation|agency=Alsumaria|date=26 February 2011|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref> Bantahan di Jordan juga mengakibatkan pengunduran diri kerajaan<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-01/30/c_13712927.htm|title=Jordanians stage anti-gov't sit-in in Amman|publisher=Xinhua|date=30 January 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011}}</ref> sehingga mantan Perdana Menteri and Duta Besar Jordan untuk [[Israel]] [[Marouf al-Bakhit]] dittunjuk sebagai Perdana Menteri oleh [[Abdullah II dari Jordan|Raja Abdullah]] dan ditugaskan membentuk kerajaanan baru.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/01/jordan-government-idUSLDE7101C620110201|title=Jordan king appoints new PM, government quits|publisher=Reuters|date=1 February 2011|accessdate=2 February 2011}}</ref> Pemimpin lain, Presiden [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]] dari Yaman, mengumumkan pada 23 April bahwa ia akan mengundurkan diri dalam waktu 30 hari dengan imbalan kekebalan hukum,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/24/world/middleeast/24yemen.html?src=tptw|title=President of Yemen Offers to Resign for Immunity|publisher=The New York Times|date=23 April 2011|accessdate=24 April 2011|first=Robert F.|last=Worth}}</ref> sebuah persetujuan yang diterima oposisi Yaman secara tidak formal pada 26 April;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704677404576285473691028908.html?mod=googlenews_wsj|agency=The Wall Street Journal|date=26 April 2011|accessdate=27 April 2011|title=Yemen Protesters Accept Deal|first=Hakim|last=Almasmari}}</ref> Saleh kemudian mengingkari persetujuan ini dan semakin memperpanjang pemberontakan di Yaman.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-01/yemen-accord-signing-has-been-postponed-gulf-official-says-2-.html|date=2 May 2011|accessdate=5 May 2011|title=Yemen Accord Signing Has Been Postponed, Gulf Official Says|first=Donna|last=Abu-Nasr|agency=Bloomberg}}</ref> Pemimpin [[Libya]] [[Muammar al-Gaddafi]] menolak mengundurkan diri dan mengakibatkan [[perang saudara Libya 2011|perang saudara]] antara [[Libya dalam kerajaanan Gaddafi|pihak loyalis]] dan [[pasukan anti-Gaddafi|pemberontak]] yang berbasis di [[Benghazi]].<ref>{{cite news|agency=The Times of India|title=Libyan govt says Gaddafi won't step down|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-05/middle-east/29384120_1_mussa-ibrahim-muammar-gaddafi-brega|date=5 April 2011|accessdate=5 May 2011|work=The Times Of India}}</ref>
Kesan bantahan ini secara geopolitik telah menarik perhatian global,<ref>{{cite web|author=AFP 27 January 2011|url=http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Unrest+across+Arab+world/4178175/story.html|title=Unrest across the Arab world|work=The Vancouver Sun |date=1986-01-28|accessdate=29 January 2011}}</ref> termasuk usulan agar sejumlah pengtunjuk rasa dicalonkan untuk menerima [[Hadiah Perdamaian Nobel]] 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/World/News/Arab-protests-attract-Nobel-interest-20110131|title=Arab protests attract Nobel interest: News24: World: News|publisher=News24|date=31 January 2011|accessdate=8 February 2011}}</ref> [[Tawakel Karman]] dari Yaman merupakan salah satu penerima [[Hadiah Perdamaian Nobel|Hadiah Perdamaian Nobel 2011]] sebagai salah seorang pemimpin penting dalam Musim Semi Arab.
{{Annotated image
|float = none
|width = 700
|image = Arab Spring map reframed updated.svg{{!}}alt={{!}}link=
|image-width = 700
|caption =
{{legend2|#00112b|Revolusi}} {{legend2|#801000|Perang saudara}} {{legend2|#004a80|Mengalami kerusuhan sipil dan perubahan kerajaanan}} {{legend2|#00bff3|Bantahan dan perubahan kerajaanan}} <br />{{legend2|#d64400|Bantahan besar}} {{legend2|#eac27c|Bantahan kecil}}
{{legend2|#797979|[[Dampak kebangkitan dunia Arab|Bantahan di luar dunia Arab]]}}
|annotations =
{{Annotation|165|100|[[Bantahan Aljazair 2010–2011|<span style="color:white;">Aljazair</span>]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|300|100|[[Perang saudara Libya 2011|<span style="color:white;">Libya</span>]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|400|100|[[Revolusi Mesir 2011|<span style="color:white;">Mesir</span>]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|415|205|[[Bantahan Sudan 2011|Sudan]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|27|155|[[Mauritania]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|255|30|—[[Revolusi Tunisia|Tunisia]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|100|38|[[Bantahan Maghribi 2011|Maghribi]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|7|90|[[Bantahan Sahrawi 2011|Sahara<br />Barat]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|515|114|[[Bantahan Arab Saudi 2011|Arab Saudi]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|465|53|[[Bantahan Jordan 2011|Jordan]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|390|32|[[Bantahan Lebanon 2011|Lebanon]]—|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|362|48|[[Demonstrasi perbatasan Israel 2011|Perbatasan Israel]]—|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|465|12|[[Pemberontakan Syria 2011|<span style="color:white;">Syria</span>]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|510|30|[[Bantahan Irak 2011|<span style="color:white;">Irak</span>]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|560|53|—[[Kuwait]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|592|80|—[[Pemberontakan Bahrain 2011|Bahrain]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|640|120|[[Bantahan Oman 2011|Oman]]|font-size=14}}
{{Annotation|555|190|[[Pemberontakan Yaman 2011|<span style="color:white;">Yaman</span>]]|font-size=14}}
}}
{{-}}
=== Ringkasan bantahan menurut negara ===
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:10%;"| Negara
! scope="col" style="width:10%;"| Tanggal dimulai
! scope="col" style="width:16%;"| Status protes
! scope="col" style="width:40%;"| Hasil
! scope="col" style="width:10%;"| Korban tewas
! scope="col" style="width:14%;"| Situasi
|-
|{{flag|Tunisia}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2010|12|18}}
|Revolusi tanggal 14 Januari 2011<br />Bantahan dihentikan sejak Maret 2011
|{{*}}'''Zine El Abidine Ben Ali digulingkan, Ben Ali eksil ke Arab Saudi'''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12187084 |title=Tunisia President Ben Ali 'will not seek new term' |publisher=BBC News |date=13 January 2011}}</ref>
{{*}} Perdana Menteri [[Mohamed Ghannouchi|Ghannouchi]] mengundurkan diri, <br />
{{*}}Pembubaran polisi politik<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12209621 |title=Tunisia forms national unity government amid unrest |publisher=BBC News |date=17 January 2011}}</ref> <br />
{{*}}Pembubaran [[Constitutional Democratic Rally|RCD]], bekas partai berkuasa di Tunisia dan pencairan semua asetnya<ref>{{cite news |title=Tunisia dissolves Ben Ali party |author=[[Al-Jazeera English]] |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/03/20113985941974579.html |newspaper= |date=9 March 2011 |accessdate=9 March 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pembebasan tahanan politik<br />
{{*}}Pemilihan [[Pemilihan Majelis Konstituen Tunisia 2011|Majelis Konstituante]] tanggal 23 Oktober 2011<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/08/us-tunisia-election-idUSTRE7571R020110608 |title=Tunisia election delayed until October 23 |publisher=Reuters |date=8 June 2011 |accessdate=8 June 2011}}</ref>
|223<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12335692 |title=Tunisia protests against Ben Ali left 300 dead, says UN |publisher=BBC News |date=1 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/World/20110226/tunisia-protests-110226/ |title=4 dead in Tunisia after renewed violence |publisher=CTV News |date=27 February 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00112b;"|[[Revolusi Tunisia|<span style="color:white;">Revolusi</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Aljazair}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2010|12|28}}
|Dihentikan sejak April 2011
|{{*}}Pengakhiran keadaan darurat selama 19 tahun<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-02-24/algeria-s-state-of-emergency-is-officially-lifted.html|title=Algeria's state of emergency is officially lifted
|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|date=24 February 2011|accessdate=25 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/2011223686267301.html|title=Algeria repeals emergency law – Middle East|publisher=Al Jazeera English|year=|accessdate=23 February 2011}}</ref>
|8<ref>[http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-25/egyptian-policeman-two-people-killed-in-cairo-protest-inspired-by-tunisia.html Obama Poised to Step Up Criticism of Mubarak If Crackdown Is Intensified – Bloomberg<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#d64400;"|[[Bantahan Aljazair 2010–2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan besar</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Lebanon}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|12}}
|Terbatas
|
|0<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.yalibnan.com/2011/05/15/lebanese-condemn-israeli-agression-against-protesters/#more-24963|title=Lebanese condemn Israeli agression against protesters|publisher=yalibnan.com|date=15 May 2011 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nowlebanon.com/NewsArchiveDetails.aspx?ID=282966 |title=Clashes in Lebanon’s Tripoli leave six dead |publisher=nowlebanon.com|date=17 June 2011 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Politics/2011/Jun-22/Arrest-warrants-issued-over-Tripoli-clashes.ashx#axzz1Q6NT1BXT |title=Arrest warrants issued over Tripoli clashes |publisher=www.dailystar.com.lb|date=22 June 2011 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00bff3;"|[[Bantahan Lebanon 2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Jordan}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|14}}
|Sedang berlangsung
|{{*}}Raja [[Abdullah II dari Jordan|Abdullah II]] membubarkan Perdana Menteri [[Samir Rifai|Rifai]] dan kabinetnya.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/jordan/8296589/King-Abdullah-II-of-Jordan-sacks-government-amid-street-protests.html |title=King Abdullah II of Jordan sacks government amid street protests |publisher=The Telegraph |date=1 February 2011 |location=London |first=Adrian |last=Blomfield}}</ref>
|1 <ref name="khaberni.com">http://khaberni.com/more.asp?ThisID=52120&ThisCat=1</ref><ref>http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201121821116689870.html</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00bff3;"|[[Bantahan Jordan 2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Mauritania}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|17}}
|Dihentikan sejak Mei 2011
|
|1<ref>[http://dekhnstan.wordpress.com/2011/01/23/mauritanias-bouazizi-died-today/ Mauritania's Bouazizi died today]</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#eac27c;"|[[Kebangkitan dunia Arab#Lainnya|<span style="color:white;">Protes</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Sudan}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|17}}
|Dihentikan sejak April 2011
|{{*}}Presiden [[Omar al-Bashir|Bashir]] mengumumkan tidak akan mencalonkan diri lagi pada 2015.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12521427 Sudan's Bashir will not stand in next election: party official], AFP, 21 February 2011.</ref>
|1<ref>[http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/01/31/uk-sudan-protests-idUKTRE70U21620110131 Sudanese student dies after protests-activists]</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#eac27c;"|[[2011 Sudanese protests|<span style="color:white;">Protes</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Oman}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|17}}
|Berakhir Mei 2011
|{{*}}Konsesi ekonomi oleh Sultan [[Qaboos]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.news.maktoob.com/20090000585688/Oman_ups_minimum_monthly_wages_to_520_for_nationals/Article.htm|title=Oman ups minimum monthly wages to $520 for nationals, Oman Economy – Maktoob News|publisher=En.news.maktoob.com|year=|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/oman/sit-in-in-sohar-town-forces-hypermarkets-to-close-down-1.768284|title=Sit-in in Sohar town forces hypermarkets to close down|publisher=gulfnews|year=|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle08.asp?xfile=data/middleeast/2011/February/middleeast_February780.xml§ion=middleeast |title=Oman takes measures to address public grievances |publisher=Khaleejtimes.com |date=27 February 2011 |accessdate=6 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=(AFP) – 1 day ago|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5ie73NUpvWHkuIAFKwLnqmyl0paLw?docId=CNG.29a2ebdaf178435a5e82e857cf4725de.ac1|title=AFP: Oman boosts student benefits|publisher=Google.com|year=|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref>
{{*}}Pembubaran menteri;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201122620711831600.html|title=Oman shuffles cabinet amid protests – Middle East|publisher=Al Jazeera English|year=|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref><ref name="AJ-Oman-5Mar">{{cite news |title=Oman's ruler dismisses ministers |author=[[Al-Jazeera English]] |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/video/middleeast/2011/03/20113565533194678.html |newspaper= |date=5 March 2011 |accessdate=5 March 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pemberian kekusaan legislatif kepada legislator terpilih Oman<ref>[http://www.voanews.com/english/news/middle-east/Omans-Sultan-Shifts-Lawmaking-Powers-Amid-Unrest--117895309.html Oman's Sultan Granting Lawmaking Powers to Councils | Middle East | English<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|2–6<ref name="google1">{{cite web|last=Surk|first=Barbara|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/canadianpress/article/ALeqM5gh9egWT30AUKwD6gzNoIxvkoqFMg?docId=6083540|title=The Canadian Press: Police in Oman fire tear gas, rubber bullets at protesters seeking political reform; 1 killed|publisher=Google.com|year=|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera1">{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/2011227112850852905.html|title=Deaths in Oman protests – Middle East|publisher=Al Jazeera English|year=|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12590588|title=Oman clashes: Two killed during protests in Gulf state|publisher=BBC News |date=8 February 2011|accessdate=27 February 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00bff3;"|[[Bantahan Oman 2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Arab Saudi}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|21}}
|Dihentikan sejak Juni 2011
|{{*}}Konsesi ekonomi oleh Raja [[Abdullah dari Arab Saudi|Abdullah]];<ref>{{Cite news|title=Saudi King Boosts Spending, Returns to Country|newspaper=[[Voice of America]]|date=23 February 2011|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/news/middle-east/Saudi-King-Boosts-Spending-Returns-to-Country-116739074.html|accessdate=23 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=King's order to benefit 180,000 temporary employees|newspaper=[[Arab News]]|date=28 February 2011|url=http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article289334.ece|accessdate=28 February 2011}}</ref> <br />
{{*}}[[Pemilihan munisipal Arab Saudi 2011|Pemilihan munisipal khusus pria tanggal 22 September 2011]]<ref name="alawsat_details" /><ref name="bloom_women" />
|2<ref name="DPA_Abdul-Ahadwas">{{cite news | first= | last= | pages= | language =| title=Report: Saudi Facebook activist planning protest shot dead | date=2 March 2011 | publisher=[[Monsters and Critics]]/[[Deutsche Presse-Agentur|DPA]] | url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1623088.php/Report-Saudi-Facebook-activist-planning-protest-shot-dead |accessdate=2 March 2011 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5wtRzehxX |archivedate=2 March 2011 |deadurl=no }}</ref><ref name="saudi_selfimmo65yr">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12260465|title=Man dies after setting himself on fire in Saudi Arabia|date=23 January 2011 |work=|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=23 January 2011 }}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#eac27c;"|[[Bantahan Arab Saudi 2011|<span style="color:white;">Protes</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Mesir}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|25}}
|Revolusi tanggal 11 Februari 2011<br />Protests ongoing
|{{*}}'''Hosni Mubarak digulingkan, Mubarak didakwa membunuh pengtunjuk rasa.'''
{{*}} Perdana Menteri [[Ahmed Nazif|Nazif]] dan [[Ahmed Shafik|Shafik]] mengundurkan diri;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forexyard.com/en/news/Egypts-prime-minsiter-quits-new-govt-soon-army-2011-03-03T093300Z |title=Egypt's prime minsiter quits, new govt soon-army |publisher=Forexyard.com |date=|accessdate=5 March 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pengambilalihan kekuasaan oleh [[Dewan Agung Angkatan Bersenjata|Angkatan Bersenjata]];<ref>[http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20110211-713327.html Egypt's Mubarak Steps Down; Military Takes Over], The Wall Street Journal, 11 February 2011.</ref><br />
{{*}}Penangguhan [[Konstitusi Mesir|Konstitusi]], pembubaran [[Parlemen Mesir|Parlemen]];<ref>{{cite news|author=Reuters|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/international/egypt-s-military-moves-to-dissolve-parliament-suspend-constitution-1.343140|title=Egypt's military moves to dissolve parliament, suspend constitution|newspaper=Haaretz|date=29 November 2010|accessdate=24 February 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pembubaran [[Badan Investigasi Keamanan Negara]];<ref>{{cite news |title=Egyptian state security disbanded |author= |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/03/20113151885983516.html |newspaper=[[Al Jazeera]] |date=15 March 2011 |accessdate=15 March 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pembubaran [[Partai Demokratik Nasional (Mesir)|NDP]], bekas partai berkuasa di Mesir dan pengalihan asetnya kepada negara<ref>Egypt dissolves former ruling party http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/04/2011416125051889315.html</ref><br />
{{*}}Pengadilan Mubarak, keluarganya dan bekas menteri-menterinya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1036/eg31.htm |title=Al-Ahram Weekly | Egypt | How the mighty have fallen |publisher=Weekly.ahram.org.eg |date=2 February 2011 |accessdate=23 March 2011}}</ref><ref name="Detention">{{cite news|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/14/world/middleeast/14egypt.html?_r=1 |title= Prosecutors Order Mubarak and Sons Held |work=The New York Times |date=13 March 2011|accessdate=13 April 2011 |first1=David D. |last1=Kirkpatrick |first2=Liam |last2=Stack}}</ref><ref name="reutersmurdercharges">{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/24/us-egypt-mubarak-idUSTRE74N3LG20110524|title=Mubarak to be tried for murder of protesters|agency=Reuters |date=24 May 2011|accessdate=24 May 2011}}</ref>
|846<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/international/government-fact-finding-mission-shows-846-killed-in-egypt-uprising-1.356885|title=846 killed in Egypt uprising|date=20 April 2011|accessdate=20 April 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00112b;"|[[Revolusi Mesir 2011|<span style="color:white;">Revolusi</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Maghribi}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|01|30}}
|Sedang berlangsung
|{{*}}Konsesi politik oleh Raja [[Mohammed VI dari Maghribi|Mohammed VI]];<ref>[http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=44526 Moroccan king to make reforms with constitutional body], Middle East Online, 22 February 2011;</ref>
{{*}}[[Referendum konstitusi Maghribi 2011|Referendum]] terhadap reformasi konstitusi;<br />
{{*}}Perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan pengakhiran rasuah<ref name="independent.co.uk">{{cite news| url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/thousands-in-morocco-march-for-rights-2247511.html | location=London | work=The Independent | first1=Souhail | last1=Karam | title=Thousands in Morocco march for rights | date=20 March 2011}}</ref><ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20110430093415/news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110425/wl_nm/us_morocco_protest</ref>
|7<small><ref>[http://eagainst.com/articles/yemen-death-toll-there-at-11-morocco-thousands-march-for-reform/ Yemen: Death Toll There at 11, Morocco: Five pro-democracy protesters dead | Eagainst.com – Autonomy against Barbarism<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref name="hespress3">{{cite web|url=http://www.hespress.com/?browser=view&EgyxpID=28416 |title=ارتفاع حصيلة أحداث 20 فبراير إلى 6 قتلى |publisher=Hespress |date=24 February 2011 |accessdate=25 February 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://lawyers-law.com/man-beaten-to-death-by-police-at-teachers-protest-in-rabat-morocco-march-26th-2011/ Man beaten to death by Police at Teachers Protest in Rabat, Morocco. 26 March 2011 – Videos<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=224033|agency=The Jerusalem Post|date=7 June 2011|accessdate=11 June 2011|title=Demonstrator's death energizes Moroccan protesters|first=David|last=Miller}}</ref></small>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00bff3;"|[[Bantahan Maghribi 2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Yaman}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|03}}
|Sedang berlangsung
|{{*}} Pengunduran diri Anggota Parlemen dari [[Kongres Rakyat Umum (Yaman)|partai berkuasa]]<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201122314112793183.html Yemen MPs resign over violence], Al Jazeera, 23 February 2011.</ref><br />
{{*}} Tanggal 4 Juni, Presiden [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]] terluka dalam serangan terhadap masjid di tempat perlindungannya di ibu kota Yaman, [[Sana'a]], menyebabkan ia dan 35 anggota keluarganya, termasuk istrinya, serta Perdana Menteri dan Juru Bicara Parlemen Yaman, meninggalkan Yaman ke Arab Saudi. Hingga 20 Agustus, Saleh belum kembali ke Yaman.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-13658445|title=Yemenis rejoice as Saleh leaves but fighting continues|publisher=BBC News|date=5 June 2011|accessdate=5 June 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}} Wakil Presiden [[Abd al-Rahman Mansur al-Hadi]] menjabat sebagai Presiden Petahana pada 4 Juni 2011.<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/04/abd-rabbu-mansour-hadi-yemen-vice-president_n_871400.html], Huffington Post, 4 June 2011.]</ref>
|1,784-1,870[<ref>150 protesters and 154 soldiers killed (by 21 May)[http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700137365/Yemens-president-warns-of-al-Qaida-takeover.html] 150 killed in the ammo dump explosion,[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704471904576228560307960384.html] total of 454 killed outside of the street fighting</ref><ref>253-273 reported killed during the [[Battle of Sana'a]], 120 during the [[Battle of Zinjibar]], 46-82 during the [[2011 Ta'izz clashes|Ta'izz clashes]], 2 in a militant attack in Loder (27 May),[http://www.france24.com/en/20110529-suspected-al-qaeda-militants-seize-yemeni-town-zinjibar%20] 5 in a tribal-Houthi clash (1 June),[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/03/world/middleeast/03yemen.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&pagewanted=all] and 9 in a militant attack in Abyan (5 June),[http://www.kansascity.com/2011/06/05/2927897/gunmen-kill-13-troops-in-yemen.html] total of 433-491 reported killed during the street fighting</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#004a80;"|[[Pemberontakan Yaman 2011|<span style="color:white;">Mengalami kerusuhan sipil dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Irak}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|10}}
|Sedang berlangsung
|{{*}}Perdana Menteri [[Nouri al-Maliki|Maliki]] mengumumkan bahwa ia tidak akan mencalonkan diri untuk ketiga kalinya;<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/41437551/ns/world_news-mideastn_africa/ |title=Iraqi prime minister won't run for third term |publisher=MSNBC |date=5 February 2001}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pengunduran diri gubernur provinsi dan otoritas setempat<ref>{{cite news |url=http://gulftoday.ae/portal/0633bc9e-f175-4ccb-9aa8-5d1bd1a0e316.aspx |title=Governor of third Iraqi province quits over protests |publisher=The Gulf Today |date=27 February 2011}}</ref>
|28+<ref name="wpdayofrage">{{cite news| url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/26/AR2011022601854.html | work=The Washington Post | first=Stephanie | last=McCrummen | title=Iraq 'Day of Rage' protests followed by detentions, beatings | date=26 February 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#d64400;"|[[Bantahan Irak 2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan besar</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Bahrain}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|14}}
|Sedang berlangsung, meski dihentikan sementara sejak Maret 2011
|{{*}}Konsesi ekonomi oleh Raja [[Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa|Hamad]];<ref>{{cite news |url=http://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFLDE71A24Z20110211 |title=Bahrain's king gives out cash ahead of protests |publisher=Reuters |date=11 February 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pembebasan tahanan politik;<ref>[http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1621209.php/Bahrain-s-king-to-free-political-prisoners-as-protests-continue Bahrain's king to free political prisoners as protests continue], Monsters and Critics, 22 February 2011.</ref><br />
{{*}}Pembubaran menteri;<ref>[http://www.presstv.ir/detail/167162.html Bahrain sacks ministers amid protests], Press TV, 26 February 2011.</ref><br />
{{*}}Intervensi [[Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf|GCC]] atas permintaan [[Kerajaan Bahrain]]
|36<ref>31 protestors killed, [http://www.adnkronos.com/IGN/Aki/English/Security/Bahrain-Thirty-one-protesters-killed-600-arrested-since-February-group-says_311903716211.html] four policemen killed, [http://www.habibtoumi.com/2011/03/29/bahrain-interior-minister-says-24-were-killed-in-unrest/][http://www.france24.com/en/20110417-seven-bahrainis-trial-over-police-deaths] 1 Saudi soldier killed, [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/15/bahrain-state-of-emergency-saudi-soldier-killed_n_835832.html] total of 36 people reported killed</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#004a80;"|[[Pemberontakan Bahrain 2011|<span style="color:white;">Mengalami kerusuhan sipil dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flagicon|Libya}} [[Libya]]
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|17}}
|{{*}}Kerajaan digulingkan pada 23 August 2011<br>{{*}}Perang berakhir 23 October 2011
|{{*}} '''[[Muammar Gaddafi]] digulingkan; Gaddafi terbunuh pada 20 Oktober'''
{{*}} Pasukan oposisi menguasai semua kota-kota besar Libya.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/international/witnesses-libya-army-says-benghazi-liberated-from-pro-ghadafi-forces-1.344666 |title=Witnesses: Libya army says Benghazi 'liberated' from pro-Ghadafi forces |publisher=Haaretz |date=20 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-fg-0224-libya-mideast-protests-20110224,0,2154651,full.story |title=Libyan opposition reportedly seizes city of Misurata |work=Los Angeles Times |date=23 February 2011 |first1=Bob |last1=Drogin |first2=Raja |last2=Abdulrahim}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-fg-0224-libya-mideast-protests-20110224,0,431198.story |title=Libyan opposition reportedly seizes key western city |work=Los Angeles Times |date=23 February 2011 |first1=Bob |last1=Drogin |first2=Raja |last2=Abdulrahim}}</ref>
{{*}} Pembentukan [[Dewan Transisi Nasional]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70409 |title=Libya opposition forms council, reject Gaddafi talks |publisher=World Bulletin |date=27 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ferocious battles in Libya as national council meets for first time |url=http://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/ferocious-battles-in-libya-as-national-council-meets-for-first-time/story-e6frfku0-1226016536676 |date=6 March 2011 |accessdate=6 March 2011 |work=NewsCore}}</ref><br>
{{*}} Intervensi militer oleh [[NATO]], [[Jordan]], [[Qatar]], [[Swedia]], dan [[UEA]] <ref name=bbc_libya_intervention>{{cite news|title=Libya: Coalition launches attacks|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12796972|publisher=BBC News |accessdate=19 March 2011|date=20 March 2011}}</ref>
{{*}} Perang saudara berakhir pada 23 October 2011.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-10-23/libya-declares-liberation-with-celebrations/3596262?section=world| title = Liberation with celebrations | publisher=ABC News | accessdate = 2011-10-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204777904576648714235940834.html | title = Interim Government to Declare Libya Liberated |work=Wall Street Journal | accessdate = 2011-10-23 | first=Margaret | last=Coker | date=24 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=242854 | title = Libya declares nation liberated after Gaddafi death | publisher=The Jerusalem Post | accessdate = 2011-10-23}}</ref>
|25,000<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/residents-flee-gaddafi-hometown-20111003-1l49x.html |title=Residents flee Gaddafi hometown |publisher=News.smh.com.au |date=3 October 2011 |accessdate=28 October 2011}}</ref>–30,000<ref name=ap-20110908>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2011/09/08/international/i004907D85.DTL |title=Libyan estimate: At least 30,000 died in the war |author=Karin Laub |agency=Associated Press |work=San Francisco Chronicle |date=8 September 2011 |accessdate=9 September 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00112b;"|[[Perang saudara Libya 2011|<span style="color:white;">Kerajaan digulingkan</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Kuwait}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|18}}
|Berakhir 31 Maret 2011
|{{*}}Pengunduran diri kabinet <ref>{{Cite news|date=31 March 2011|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2011-03-31/world/kuwait.government_1_cabinet-minister-security-forces-kuwait-news-agency?_s=PM:WORLD|title=Kuwait ministers resign, news agency says|publisher=CNN}}</ref>
|0<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/41676934/ns/world_news-mideast/n_africa|title=30 wounded in Kuwait protests on Friday|publisher=MSN}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#00bff3;"|[[Kebangkitan dunia Arab#Lainnya|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|[[Sahara Barat]]
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|26}}
|Dihentikan sejak Mei 2011
|
|0
! style="color:#fff; background:#eac27c;"|[[Bantahan Sahara Barat 2011|<span style="color:white;">Protes</span>]]
|-
|{{flag|Syria}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|03|15}}
|Bantahan dan penekanan sedang berlangsung
|{{*}}Pembebasan beberapa tahanan politik;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12679902 |title=Syrian activist Haitham al-Maleh freed under amnesty |publisher=BBC News |date=8 March 2011|accessdate=8 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/08/us-syria-rights-idUSTRE7274LC20110308 |title=Syria frees 80-year-old former judge in amnesty |publisher=Reuters |date=8 March 2011|accessdate=8 March 2011}}</ref> <br />{{*}} Hukum Darurat diakhiri;<br />
{{*}}Pembubaran Gubernur Provinsi;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.albawaba.com/main-headlines/unrest-continues-syria |title=Unrest continues in Syria |publisher=Al Bawaba |date=23 March 2011 |accessdate=24 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/04/20114711251531744.html |title=Assad attempts to appease minority Kurds |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=8 April 2011 |accessdate=24 April 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Aksi militer di [[Hama]], [[Daraa]] dan daerah lain;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-13185185|title=Syrian army 'attacks protest city of Deraa'|publisher=bbc.co.uk|accessdate=25 April 2011|date=25 April 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pengunduran diri Parlemen;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-13175677 |title=Syria protests: Security forces shoot at mourners |publisher=BBC News |date=23 April 2011|accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pengunduran diri Kerajaan;<ref>{{cite news|title=Syrian cabinet resigns amid unrest|author=|newspaper=|date=29 March 2011|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/03/201132975114399138.html}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Terjadi pembelotan dalam angkatan bersenjata Syria;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/04/2011428182333234775.html|title=Syrian army units 'clash over crackdown'|publisher=Al Jazeera|year=2011|accessdate=28 April 2011}}</ref><br />
{{*}}Pembentukan [[Angkatan Darat Syria Bebas|Pasukan Bebas]]; <br />
{{*}}Keangotaan Syria di [[Liga Arab]] dihentikan sementara.
|3,045–4,300<ref>1,600+ civilians [http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/06/25/syria.unrest/] and 341 [http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/06/25/syria.unrest/]-500 [http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/43336855/ns/world_news-mideast_n_africa/] security forces killed</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#004a80;"|[[Pemberontakan Syria 2011|<span style="color:white;">Mengalami kerusuhan sipil dan perubahan kerajaanan</span>]]
|-
|{{flagicon|Israel}} [[Perbatasan Israel]]
{{collapsible list|title=Negara
|{{flag|Mesir}}
|{{flag|Jordan}}
|{{flag|Lebanon}}
|{{flagicon|Otoritas Nasional Palestina}} [[Jalur Gaza]]
|{{flagicon|Otoritas Nasional Palestina}} [[Tepi Barat]]
|{{flag|Syria}}
}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2011|05|15}}
|Berakhir 5 Juni 2011
|
|30-40<ref name=FRANCE24>{{cite web|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20110606-syria-says-23-dead-israel-opens-fire-golan#|title=Syria says 23 dead as Israel opens fire on Golan|author=[[Agence France Presse]]|publisher=[[France 24]]|date=6 June 2011|accessdate=12 June 2011}}</ref><ref name=Pillay>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/06/201167143318466482.html|title=UN's Pillay condemns Israeli 'Naksa' killings|publisher=[[Al Jazeera English]]|accessdate=12 June 2011|date=8 June 2011}}</ref>
! style="color:#fff; background:#d64400;"|[[Demonstrasi perbatasan Israel 2011|<span style="color:white;">Bantahan besar</span>]]
|- class="sortbottom"
|colspan=4; style="text-align:right;"|'''''Total korban tewas:'''''
|'''30,634–37,228+''' (Perkiraan internasional, terus naik)'''
|
|}
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Pemberontakan Arab]], pemberontakan masyarakat Arab melawan [[Kekaisaran Ottoman]] selama Perang Dunia I (1916–18)
* [[Pemberontakan sipil]]
* [[Daftar konflik modern di Timur Tengah]]
* [[Daftar konflik modern di Afrika Utara]]
* [[Daftar konflik militer yang sedang berlangsung]]
* [[Musim semi (istilah politik)]]
* [[Gelombang revolusi]]
* [[Revolusi 1989]], dimulai dengan perubahan di Polandia dan mendorong [[pembubaran Uni Soviet]]
* [[Revolusi 1848]], serangkaian pemberontakan rakyat yang dimulai dengan Revolusi Perancis 1848, kemudian menyebar ke seluruh Eropa
* [[Revolusi Kekuatan Rakyat]], menjadi inspirasi Revolusi 1989
* [[Freedom in the World]]
* [[Daftar indeks kebebasan]]
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/world/middle-east-protests/ Middle East and North Africa in turmoil – Tracking the Protests].
== Catatan kaki ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|last=Browers|first=Michaelle|year=2009|title=Political Ideology in the Arab World: Accommodation and Transformation|location=New York|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-76532-9}}
* {{Cite book|last=Gardner|first=David|year=2009|title=Last Chance: The Middle East in the Balance|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=978-1-84885-041-5}}
* {{cite journal |last=Goldstone |first=Jack A. |authorlink=Jack Goldstone |last2=Hazel |first2=John T., Jr. |date=14 April 2011 |title=Understanding the Revolutions of 2011: Weakness and Resilience in Middle Eastern Autocracies |journal=[[Foreign Affairs]] |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67694/jack-a-goldstone/understanding-the-revolutions-of-2011 }}
* {{Cite book|last=Kaye|first=Dalia Dassa|title=More Freedom, Less Terror? Liberalization and Political Violence in the Arab World|location=Santa Monica, CA|publisher=RAND Corporation|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8330-4508-9|display-authors=2}}
* {{Cite book|editor1-last=Ottaway|editor1-first=Marina|editor2-last=Choucair-Vizoso|editor2-first=Julia|title=Beyond the Façade: Political Reform in the Arab World|location=Washington, DC|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|year=2008|isbn=978-0-87003-239-4}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Pelletreau|first=Robert H.|authorlink=Robert Pelletreau|date=24 February 2011|title=Transformation in the Middle East: Comparing the Uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt and Bahrain|journal=[[Foreign Affairs]]|prurl=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67546/robert-h-pelletreau/transformation-in-the-middle-east}}
* {{cite book |last=Phares |first=Walid |year=2010 |title=Coming Revolution: Struggle for Freedom in the Middle East |location=New York |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-1439178379 }}
* {{Cite book|editor1-last=Posusney|editor1-first=Marsha Pripstein|editor2-last=Angrist|editor2-first=Michele Penner|year=2005|title=Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Regimes and Resistance|location=Boulder|publisher=Lynne Rienner|isbn=1-58826-317-7}}
{{refend}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Tomita|first=Hiroshi|authorlink=Hiroshi Tomita|date=1 April 2007|title=An Arab Spring|journal=[[San-shoku-ki (Tricolore Flag)]]| publisher = [http://www.keio-up.co.jp Keio University Press]}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{External links|date=June 2011}}
{{Commons category|2010–2011 Arab world protests|Kebangkitan dunia Arab 2010-2011}}
* [http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/ Middle East] at ''[[Aljazeera English]]''
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12480844 Middle East protests] at ''[[BBC News]]''
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/blog+world/middleeast Arab and Middle East protests] live blog at ''[[The Guardian]]''
* [http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/ Middle East Protests] at ''The Lede'' blog at ''[[The New York Times]]''
* [http://live.reuters.com/Event/Middle_East_Protests Middle East protests live] at ''[[Reuters]]''
* [http://www.ft.com/indepth/middle-east-protests Middle East protests] collected news and commentary at ''[[The Financial Times]]''
** [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2011/mar/22/middle-east-protest-interactive-timeline Arab spring: an interactive timeline of Middle East protests], ''[[The Guardian]]''
* [http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/t.php?t=uprising Rage on the Streets] collected news and commentary at ''[[Hurriyet Daily News and Economic Review]]''
* [http://www.thenational.ae/news/worldwide/syria-president-appoints-new-government-orders-protesters-freed-from-jail Middle East Unrest] collected news and commentary at ''[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]''
* {{Spiegeltopic|the_arab_revolution/|The Arab Revolution}}
* [http://www.carnegieendowment.org/topic/?fa=list&id=839 Unrest in the Arab World] collected news and commentary at [[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]
* [http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,2045328,00.html The Middle East in Revolt] collected news and commentary at ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''
* [http://www.cfr.org/egypt/issue-guide-arab-world-protests/p23929 Issue Guide: Arab World Protests], [[Council on Foreign Relations]], February 16, 2011
* [http://www.economist.com/blogs/dailychart/2011/02/daily_chart_arab_unrest_index The Shoe Thrower's index], An index of unrest in the Arab world, ''[[The Economist]]'', February 9, 2011
* [http://en.qantara.de/webcom/show_article.php/_c-478/_nr-1164/i.html Interview with Tariq Ramadan: "We Need to Get a Better Sense of the Trends within Islamism"], ''[[Qantara.de]]'', 2 February 2011
* [http://arabrevolution.posterous.com/ Arab Revolution Video Blog]
* [http://www.revolutiontrends.org Tracking the wave of protests with statistics], ''RevolutionTrends.org''
* {{BOTW|Regional/Middle_East/Society_and_Culture/Protests_2010-2011}}
* [http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/Arab-Upheavals-and-the-Future-of-the-US-Military-Policies-and-Presence-in-the-Middle-East-and-the-Gulf/2011/6/27] "Strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil"
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kebangkitan dunia Arab}}
[[Kategori:Kebangkitan dunia Arab| ]]
[[Kategori:Kebudayaan Arab]]
[[Kategori:2010-an]]
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[[Kategori:Sejarah Timur Tengah]]
[[Kategori:Afrika dalam tahun 2010]]
[[Kategori:Afrika dalam tahun 2011]]
[[Kategori:Asia dalam tahun 2010]]
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