Revision 3531582 of "Pelacuran lelaki" on mswiki

 [[Image:Samurai kiss.jpg|thumb|[[Miyagawa Isshô]], ''Samurai mencium pelakon lelaki'',  ca. 1750]]

'''Pelacuran lelaki''' adalah perbuatan atau amalan orang-orang yang menyediakan perkhidmatan seks sama ada lelaki atau wanita sebagai balasan untuk pembayaran. Berbanding dengan wanita pelacur, pekerja seks lelaki telah dikaji jauh lebih rendah oleh penyelidik.<ref>{{harv|Weitzer|2000|p=8}}</ref>

[[Pelacuran|Pelacur]] lelaki yang dikenali dengan pelbagai nama dan [[eufemisme]] termasuk '''pengiring lelaki, [[gigolo]]''' (biasanya membayangkan pelanggan wanita), '''lelaki disewa, penggiat, model''' atau '''tukang urut''' (walaupun tiga lepas tidak selalu merujuk kepada pelacur).<ref>{{cite web|last=Clark |first=Tracy |url=http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2009/08/08/male_escorts_hung/ |title=Are they "Hung"? |publisher=Salon |date=8 August 2009 |accessdate=2009-10-17}}</ref> Seorang lelaki yang tidak menganggap dirinya sebagai [[gay]], tetapi yang bersedia untuk melakukan hubungan seks dengan pelanggan lelaki untuk wang, kadang-kadang dipanggil "[[gay-demi-upah]]" atau "perdagangan".

Pelanggan, terutama mereka yang mengambil pelacur di jalan atau di bar, kadang-kadang dipanggil "[[john (pelacuran)|john]]" atau "muslihat".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-25588234|title=BBC News - The escorts who want to rebrand male prostitution as a business|work=BBC News}}</ref> Mereka yang bekerja dalam pelacuran, pelacur terutamanya jalan, kadang-kadang merujuk kepada perbuatan pelacuran sebagai "helah berubah".

==Sejarah==
{{category see also|Pelacuran mengikut negara}}

Pelacuran lelaki telah ditemui di hampir semua budaya moden dan kuno.<ref name=Dynes>{{Citation |last=Dynes |first=Wayne R. |chapter=Prostitution |title=Encyclopedia of Homosexuality |pages=Vol 2; pp. 1054–1058 |location=Chicago |publisher=St. James Press |year=1990 |isbn=1-55862-147-4 |nopp=true}}</ref> Amalan di dunia purba lelaki atau wanita menjual khidmat seks di tempat-tempat suci suci, atau [[pelacuran suci]], telah diakusaksi diamalkan oleh asing atau [[paganisme|pagan]] budaya dalam [[bahasa Ibrani Alkitab]] atau [[Perjanjian Lama]].<ref name=Dynes/> Pelacur lelaki juga dibuktikan dalam budaya Graeco-Roman dalam [[Perjanjian Baru]], di kalangan banyak sumber-sumber kuno lain. Beberapa penterjemah menganggap bahawa dalam salah satu naib senarai Pauline, [[1 Korintus]] 6: 9-10, salah satu daripada perkataan ''malakoi'' ("lembut") atau ''arsenokoitai'' (sebatian "lelaki" dan "katil") merujuk kepada pelacur lelaki (atau rumah pelacuran lelaki): ini tafsiran ''arsenokoitai'' diikuti dalam [[Versi Piawaian Disemak Baru]].

''Ensiklopedia Homoseksual'' menyatakan bahawa di [[Greece purba]] pelacur secara amnya hamba<!-- Mamadam segmen ini dari ayat: "kerana pelacur boleh kehilangan hak sivik mereka." kerana ia tidak jelas apa sebenarnya ia bermakna (sebelum menjadi pelacur? Kerana menjadi pelacur?) Buku dinamakan kini tidak lagi cetak.--><ref name=Dynes/> Kes terkenal adalah [[Phaedo dari Elis]] yang telah ditangkap dalam perang dan dipaksa ke dalam perhambaan dan pelacuran, tetapi akhirnya ditebus untuk menjadi murid [[Socrates]]; ''[[Phaedo]]'' [[Plato]] menceritakan dari perspektif beliau. Rumah pelacuran lelaki wujud di kedua-dua Greece Purba dan [[Rom purba]].<ref name=Dynes/>

Rekod mahkamah dan naib siasatan dari seawal abad ke-17 dokumen pelacuran lelaki di tempat yang kini Amerika Syarikat. Dengan perkembangan kawasan bandar dan mengumpul orang gay ke dalam komuniti menjelang akhir abad ke-19, pelacuran lelaki/lelaki menjadi lebih ketara. Pada masa ini, pelacuran dilaporkan berlaku di rumah-rumah pelacuran, seperti Dewan Paresis dalam [[Bowery]] Daerah New York dan di beberapa rumah mandi gay. Permintaan untuk seks, termasuk seks dibayar, mengambil tempat di bar tertentu antara apa yang dipanggil "pari-pari."<ref>Heather Lee Miller, ''Prostitution, Hustling, and Sex Work''.</ref>

Pelacur jalanan lelaki meminta pelanggan di kawasan-kawasan tertentu yang dikenali untuk perdagangan. Kawasan terkenal untuk jalan "penggiat" telah dimasukkan: bahagian [[53 Street (Manhattan)|53 Street]] di [[New York]]; [[Santa Monica Boulevard]] dalam [[Los Angeles]]; Forsyth Street di [[Atlanta]], [[Piccadilly Circus]], dalam [[London]]; "The Wall" dalam [[Sydney]] 's [[Darlinghurst, New South Wales | Darlinghurst]]; [[The Drug Store]] dan [[Rue Saint Anne]] dalam [[Paris]]; [[Polk Street|Polk Street Gulch]] dalam [[San Francisco]]; dan [[Dataran Taksim]] di [[Istanbul]]. Bar seperti ''Cowboys and Cowgirls'' dan ''Rounds'' di New York, ''Numbers'' di Los Angeles dan bar go-go tertentu di [[Patpong]] [[Thailand]] adalah tempat-tempat popular di mana pelacur lelaki menawarkan perkhidmatan mereka.

===Contoh===
Pelacur lelaki muda dalam [[zaman Edo]] dari [[Jepun]] digelar [[kagema]]. Pelanggan mereka terutamanya lelaki dewasa. 

Di kawasan selatan Asia Tengah dan Afghanistan,{{When|date=November 2011}} lelaki remaja berusia antara dua belas dan enam belas tahun melaksanakan lagu-lagu dan tarian erotik tidak senonoh dan boleh didapati sebagai pekerja seks. Lelaki-lelaki tersebut digelar [[bacchá]]. 

Di India, satu [[Hijra (Asia Selatan)|Hijra]] adalah seorang lelaki dari segi fizikal atau [[keinterseksan]] orang yang kadang-kadang boleh membuat pelacuran. Tidak semua hijras adalah pelacur, bagaimanapun, dan ramai menganggap diri mereka mempunyai identiti wanita dalam badan lelaki dan menerima ini sebagai syarat suci atau anugerah. Satu tradisi yang sama di India adalah yang Hijras berpakaian seperti wanita dan tarian di majlis perkahwinan, kelahiran anak, dan lain-lain perayaan dan menuntut sejumlah besar wang dari pemilik. 

Pelacur lelaki [[Cuba]] digelar [[Jineterismo|jinetero]] – secara harfiah "joki kuda"; pelacur wanita disebut [[jinetera]]. 

Seorang pekerja seks lelaki dalam [[Caribbean]] yang mencari di pantai-pantai dan menerima pelanggan sama ada seks dipanggil [[Sanky-panky]].

==Pelacuran lelaki masa kini ==
Pengkategorian berikut pelacur lelaki tidak lengkap:
[[File:A_popular_"Peep_Show"_along_St_Catherine_street_in_Montreal's_Gay_Village..jpg|thumb|Suatu "Peep Show" di sepanjang St Catherine street di Gay Village Montreal.]]
[[File:Transvestit strassenstrich.JPG|thumb||Lelaki [[pondan]] mencari pelanggan di tepi jalan (Jerman).]]

===Online===
Pengiring profesional (pekerja seks dalaman) sering mengiklankan di laman web pengiring lelaki, biasanya sama ada secara bebas atau melalui [[agensi pengiring]]. Satu kajian membandingkan pengiring lelaki dan perempuan, oleh Juline Koken dan rakan-rakannya, mendapati bahawa pengiring lelaki berkongsi banyak persamaan dengan teman sosial wanita, tetapi juga mempunyai beberapa perbezaan yang ketara.

===Jalan, bar, dan kelab-kelab===
Kebanyakan bandar-bandar besar mempunyai satu atau lebih kawasan di mana pelacur jalanan lelaki kerap akan turut hadir untuk pelanggan berpotensi yang memandu dalam kereta. Seperti kawasan mungkin mempunyai nama rasmi tempatan yang terkenal. Kawasan-kawasan ini cenderung untuk menjadi berisiko untuk kedua-dua pelanggan dan pelacur itu, dari perspektif undang-undang apabila ia berada dalam wilayah di mana pelacuran jalan atau [[permintaan]] adalah dilarang oleh undang-undang, atau juga dari perspektif keselamatan. Kawasan-kawasan ini boleh menjadi sasaran untuk pengawasan dan tangkapan oleh penguatkuasaan undang-undang. Beberapa pelacur lelaki mendapatkan pelanggan yang berpotensi di dalam ruang awam yang lain seperti terminal bas, taman dan berhenti rehat.

===Rumah mandi dan kelab seks=== 
Pelacur lelaki boleh cuba untuk bekerja di [[rumah mandi gay]], [[kedai seks|kedai buku dewasa]] atau [[kelab seks]], tetapi pelacuran biasanya dilarang dalam pertubuhan itu, dan perempuan-perempuan yang dikenali sering dilarang oleh pengurusan. Walau bagaimanapun, di beberapa tempat boleh terlepas pandang untuk menjaga aliran perniagaan.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

=== Pelacuran Lelaki ===
Seorang pelacur lelaki boleh bekerja dalam satu lelaki [[pelacuran]], juga dikenali di beberapa tempat sebagai "stabil." Ini adalah perkara biasa di Asia Tenggara dan juga terdapat di beberapa bandar-bandar dan bandar-bandar di tempat lain.

The [[Cleveland Street skandal]] memaparkan [[London]] pelacuran lelaki sering dikunjungi oleh golongan bangsawan, pada tahun 1889, apabila lelaki homoseksual adalah menyalahi undang-undang di United Kingdom, sebagai pelacuran masih ada. Dalam biografinya, ''The First Lady'', [[April Ashley]] memetik bekas suaminya, Allahyarham [[Arthur Corbett, Baron Rowallan ke-3|Hon. Arthur Corbett (kemudian Baron Rowallan ke-3)]], yang bekerja di [[Kota London]], tetapi telah ketagih kepada [[merentas berpakaian]], seperti yang diberitahunya pada tahun 1960: "Ada sebuah rumah pelacuran lelaki, saya membayar lelaki untuk berpakaian aku, kemudian melancap aku."<ref>{{cite book |ISBN= 1-84454-231-9 |title=The First Lady |author= April Ashley with Douglas Thompson |location= London |publisher= John Blake Publishing Ltd |year= 2006 |page= 160}}</ref> Perbuatan homoseksual lelaki tidak [[Hak LGBT di United Kingdom#Tidak menjenayahkan perbuatan homoseksual: Akta 1967|disahkan di United Kingdom]] sehingga 1967.

Pada bulan November 2005, [[Heidi Fleiss]] berkata beliau akan bekerjasama dengan pemilik rumah pelacuran Joe Richards untuk menghidupkan Richards 'undang-undang [[Cherry Patch Ranch]] pelacuran di [[Crystal, Nye County, Nevada | Crystal, Nevada]] ke dalam penubuhan yang akan mengambil kerja pelacur lelaki dan memenuhi keperluan yang eksklusif untuk pelanggan wanita, yang pertama di Nevada.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jonann |last=Brady |title=Are Women Ready for the 'Stud Farm'? |publisher= ABC News |date=November 18, 2005 |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=1324585}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Fleiss plans makeover for Nevada brothel |work=Associated Press |date= November 15, 2005 |url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2005-11-16-fleiss_x.htm |publisher=USA Today}}</ref> However in 2009, Fleiss berkata bahawa dia telah meninggalkan rancangan beliau untuk membuka seperti pelacuran.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lvrj.com/news/39357657.html|title=Heidi Fleiss gives up on plan for brothel for women|work=Las Vegas Review-Journal}}</ref>

Dalam usaha untuk bekerja di sebuah [[Pelacuran di Nevada|pelacuran undang-undang di Nevada]], sebuah [[Ujian Pap|peperiksaan serviks]] diperlukan oleh undang-undang; oleh itu lelaki secara teknikal tidak dibenarkan untuk bekerja sebagai pelacur. Pada hujung tahun 2009, pemilik rumah pelacuran [[Shady Lady Ranch]] mencabar peruntukan ini sebelum Perlesenan dan Minuman Keras Lembaga [[Nye County, Nevada | Nye County]] dan menang.<ref>[http://www.lvrj.com/news/brothel-to-get-the-bucks-80777187.html "Brothel to get the bucks"], ''Las Vegas Review-Journal'', 2010-01-06</ref> seorang pelacur lelaki yang akan menawarkan perkhidmatan kepada pelanggan wanita.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfexaminer.com/nation/nevada-brothel-hires-nations-first-legal-gigolo-prostidude-who-tried-acting-in-porn-films-82360652.html|title=San Francisco Examiner - Breaking News & Bay Area News|work=The San Francisco Examiner}}</ref> Markus meninggalkan ladang itu beberapa minggu kemudian, pada bulan Mac 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lvrj.com/news/first--prostidude--leaves-shady-lady-ranch-89211477.html |title=First 'prostidude' leaves Shady Lady Ranch - News - ReviewJournal.com |publisher=Lvrj.com |date=2010-03-26 |accessdate=2012-08-13}}</ref>

Sehingga 2009, apabila ia diharamkan semua pelacuran, [[Rhode Island]] adalah satu-satunya negeri di A.S.{{citation needed|date=November 2011}} pada masa itu untuk membenarkan pekerja seks lelaki untuk bekerja secara sah.<ref name=projo1>{{cite news |author=Arditi, Lynn |title='Behind Closed Doors" How RI Decriminalized Prostitution |url=http://www.projo.com/news/content/PROSTITUTION_LAW31_05-31-09_NVEHGBH_v161.3e90048.html {{Dead link|date=November 2011}}|work=Providence Journal |date=31 May 2009}}</ref> (Lihat [[Pelacuran di Rhode Island]].)

Pada bulan Januari 2010, sebuah rumah pelacuran mewah untuk lelaki gay dibuka di bahagian industri [[Zurich]], pelacuran sepenuhnya gay pertama di [[Switzerland]].<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/zuerich/stadt/GayBordell-in-Zuerich-eroeffnet/story/23270088|title=Gay-Bordell in Zürich eröffnet|date=2010-01-18|language=German|newspaper=Tages Anzeiger}}</ref>

===Pelancongan seks===
{{main|Pelancongan seks}}
====Pelancongan seks wanita====
{{main|Pelancongan seks wanita}}
Wanita pergi ke Eropah Selatan ([[Itali]], [[Yunani]], [[Albania]] dan [[Sepanyol]]), kepada [[Caribbean Lembangan]] ([[Jamaica]], [[Barbados] ], [[Republik Dominican]], dan [[Martinique]]), untuk bahagian [[Afrika]] ([[Tunisia]], [[Gambia]] dan [[Kenya]]), [[Indonesia]] (khusus [[Bali]]) atau [[Thailand]] (khusus [[Phuket (bandar)|Phuket]]), untuk menikmati pelancongan seks.{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}} Lesser-known destinations may include [[Morocco]], [[Fiji]], [[Ecuador]] and [[Costa Rica]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}} Women may travel to specific locations to enjoy a holiday and find a "temporary boyfriend" who will fill the roles of sexual partner, dining companion, tour guide, dancing companion/instructor, and will sometimes procure softer illicit drugs like marijuana and ecstasy for his client.{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} German women frequent [[Sosúa]] in the Dominican Republic, Greece, and Morocco.{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}} A popular destination for the [[Japanese people|Japanese]] is Bali in Indonesia,{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}} while Canadian and Scandinavian females don't appear to favor a specific destination.{{Citation needed|date=January 2014}} Women who spend time with male escorts while on vacation may be any age but are predominantly middle-aged women looking for romance along with their sex.<ref>J. Sánchez Taylor, [http://www.beaumonde.net/weblog/archives/2006_07.shtml "Marking the Margins: Research in the Informal Economy in Cuba and the Dominican Republic"], 1997, ''Discussion Papers in Sociology'', No. S97/1</ref> The rate of [[HIV/AIDS]] and sexually transmitted infections may be relatively high in some Caribbean and African countries which are popular destinations for female sex tourism. Male prostitution has become increasingly visible in [[India]]; male for female service is growing but there have been reported cases where female clients have been blackmailed by gigolos they visited.<ref>{{cite web|author=Kate Muir |url=http://www.itgo.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4927&sectionid=1&secid=1 |title=The gigolo tales |publisher=Itgo.in |date=30 June 2008 |accessdate=2009-10-17}}</ref><ref>[http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-12-11/india/27798678_1_gigolos-women-boys "Women land in gigolo trap"], ''Times of India'', December 11, 2006</ref>

===Risks===
As in all forms of prostitution, male prostitutes and their clients can face risks and problems. For prostitutes, the risks may include: social stigma; legal/criminal risks; physical abuse; health-related risks, such as the potential risk of [[sexually transmitted disease]]s; rejection by family and friends; [[gay bashing]] (in the case of male-male prostitution); the financial risks that come with having an insecure income; and risks of the mental/emotional effects that come with all of those factors. Teenagers and runaways engaging in sex work have shown to be particularly at risk.

For clients, risks may include: fear of social stigma and family or work problems if their activities with prostitutes do not remain secret; health-related risks; being robbed; or, very rarely, being blackmailed or injured.<ref name=Dynes/> The German fashion designer [[Rudolph Moshammer]], for example, was killed by a man who said that Moshammer had reneged on a promise to pay him for sex.<ref>BBC News, 2005-01-16. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4179807.stm Man 'confesses' to Munich murder].</ref> If a male prostitute steals from a male client or accepts money without then "putting out" the agreed-upon sexual services, it is sometimes referred to as "rolling a john".

Research suggests that the degree of violence against male prostitutes is somewhat lower than for female sex workers. Men working on the street and younger men appear to be at greatest risk of being victimized by clients. Conversely, the risk of being robbed or blackmailed posed to clients of sex workers appears to be much lower than many imagine. This is especially true when clients hire sex workers through an established agency or when they hire men who have been consistently well reviewed by previous clients.

The [[pimp]] is relatively rare in male prostitution in the West, where most prostitutes generally work independently or, less frequently, through an agency.<ref name=Dynes/>

====Stigma====
Factors like the [[age disparity in sexual relationships|difference in age]], in [[social status]] and in economic status between the sex worker and his client have been cited as major sources of social criticism.<ref name=negatives>See, for example, [http://www.enmp.org/downloads/activity_report_compr.pdf European Network Male Prostitution Activity Report, November 2003], "Practical experiences of Men in Prostitution" (Sweden, Denmark, Stockholm), pp. 23–26: "All [the] interviewed men [in Denmark] are aware of societies’ negative perception of prostitution and do whatever possible to cover up. As a result they live double lives and create more and more distance from close relations and the wider society. Isolation and sufferance from not having anybody to share prostitution experiences with is profound. Some men describe[d] how the clients are their main or only social relation to society, and consider the relations as sexual friendships or the customers as father figures."</ref> Similar social stigma may also be attached to amorous relationships that do not involve direct payment for sexual services, and therefore do not fit the definition of prostitution, but which may be seen by some as a form of "quasi"-prostitution, (in that there is a power imbalance and a reward for companionship or sex). The older member in such relationships may be referred as a "sugar daddy" or "sugar momma"; the young lover may be called a "kept boy" or "boy toy".<ref>see Dynes, ''supra'', for a discussion of the fine line between "kept boys" and prostitution.</ref> Within the gay community, the members of this kind of couple are sometimes called "dad" (or "daddy") and "son" - without implying incest. The social disdain for age/status disparity in relationships is and has been less pronounced in certain cultures at certain historical times.

==Help and support for male sex workers==
[[File:Rich Holcomb and James Waterman displaying the Project Weber poster at the 2010 HIV Prevention Summit in Washington DC..jpg|thumb|[[Richard Holcomb]] and James Waterman displaying the "Project Weber" poster at the 2010 HIV Prevention Summit in Washington, D.C.]]
In the United States and other places, there are few resources and little support readily available for male sex workers working and/or living on the streets.<ref>{{cite web|last=Siegel|first=Joe|title=Do HIV/AIDS Service Organizations Effectively Reach Male Sex Workers?|url=http://www.edgenewengland.com/index.php?id=126242|work=Article in Edge New, Boston, Mass.|accessdate=28 October 2011}}</ref> Men and boys in this situation may face many issues. They may be at a higher risk for health problems and abuse. Male street prostitutes may have issues such as drug addiction. Offering support and health care to such stigmatized people can be difficult due to a reluctance to disclose information about their work to health care professionals, which can also make male prostitutes difficult to identify in order to reach out to.

In recent years, some organizations directed specifically at helping male sex workers have been founded and some studies have begun on this little-studied population. For example, [[Richard Holcomb]], a former sex worker, founded 'Project Weber',<ref>{{cite web|last=Siegel|first=Joe|title=Former Male Prostitute Helps Hustlers Leave R.I. Streets|url=http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=national&sc2=news&sc3=&id=125867|work=Article in Edge New, Boston, Mass.|accessdate=30 November 2011}}</ref> a [[harm reduction]] program in [[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]], [[Rhode Island]] that offers resources and support to male sex workers living on the streets, including a needle exchange and HIV testing. Holcomb cited the lack of data available on male commercial sex workers in the region as his reason for helping develop a 2010 survey to assess the needs of this population. Project Weber recruited and surveyed 50 male sex workers living on the streets of [[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]]. Holcomb cited the fact that he and members of his team are former sex workers themselves as one of the primary reasons why they were able to gain access to the men in order to conduct this survey.<ref>{{cite web|last=Goslant|first=Justin|title=Male Prostitution in Providence|url=http://www.theanchoronline.org/news/2011/10/31/male-prostitution-in-providence|work=Article in The Anchor Newspaper.|accessdate=31 October 2011}}</ref> The project says they have gleaned valuable data on male sex workers who work and live on the streets of Providence. Holcomb has also created several documentaries meant to draw attention to the subjects of male street prostitution and drug use.

==Feminist studies==

The topic of male prostitution has been examined by [[feminism|feminist theorists]]. Feminist theorists Justin Gaffney and Kate Beverley stated that the insights gained from research on male sex workers in central [[London]] allowed comparison between the experiences of the 'hidden' population of male prostitutes and the traditionally subordinate position of women in a patriarchal society. Gaffney and Beverley argue that male sex workers occupy a subordinate position in our society which, as with women, is ensured by hegemonic and patriarchal constructs.<ref>Justin Gaffney & Kate Beverley, “Contextualizing the Construction and Social Organization of the Commercial Male Sex Industry in London at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century,” ‘’Feminist Review’’, No. 67, Sex Work Reassessed (Spring, 2001), pp. 133–141.</ref>
	
==Popular culture==
{{Main|Male prostitution in the arts}}

The male prostitute or hustler is a frequent literary and cinematic [[stereotype]] in the West from the 1960s onwards, especially in movies and books with a [[gay]] perspective, in which he may be a [[stock character]]. The male sex worker is often portrayed either as a tragic figure, as in the film ''[[Mysterious Skin]]'' in which a male prostitute has a history of molestation, or as an impossible object of love or an idealized rebel. Though less frequent in cinema and in novels, the male prostitute with an exclusively female clientele (the "gigolo" or male for female "escort") is generally depicted as less tragic than the gay hustler. The film ''[[My Own Private Idaho]]'', starring [[Keanu Reeves]] and [[River Phoenix]], focuses upon the friendship between two male prostitutes.  [[Rob Schneider]] stars as a gigolo in his slapstick farce ''[[Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo]]'' and [[Deuce Bigalow: European Gigolo|its sequel]]. [[Wiktor Grodecki|Wiktor Grodecki's]] controversial film ''[[Mandragora (film)|Mandragora]]'' tells the story of young runaways who are manipulated into the dark underground world of prostitution, drug addiction and AIDS. Another well known movie featuring male prostitutes is ''[[Midnight Cowboy]]''. ''[[The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone]]'' offers an older woman and a young gigolo in a tragic tryst. The TV series ''[[Hung (TV series)|Hung]]'' is about a Detroit high school basketball coach who, due to  financial pressures, turns to prostitution.

==See also==
{{Portal|Sexuality|LGBT}}
* [[Age of consent]]
* [[Female sex tourism]]
* [[Male promiscuity]]
* [[Prostitution]]
* [[Sex tourism]]

==References==
{{Reflist|35em}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|colwidth=35em}}<!--Alphabetic-->
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*{{citation |last=Friedman |first=Mack |year=2003 |title=Strapped for cash : a history of American hustler culture |publisher=Alyson Books |isbn=978-1-55583-731-0 |url=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51607360}}
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*{{citation |last=Itiel |first=Joseph |year=1998 |title=A Consumer's Guide to Male Hustlers |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-7890-0596-0 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=0PA-4hrt_NoC}}
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*{{citation |last=Lawrence |first=Aaron |year=2000 |title=The Male Escort's Handbook: Your Guide to Getting Rich the Hard Way |publisher=Late Night Press |isbn=978-0-9667691-1-1 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=6XauPAAACAAJ}}
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*{{citation |last=Preston |first=John |year=1994 |title=Hustling: a gentleman's guide to the fine art of homosexual prostitution |publisher=Masquerade Books |isbn=978-1-56333-137-4 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=AeK0AAAACAAJ}}
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*{{citation |last=Weitzer |first=Ronald |year=2011 |chapter=Male Prostitution |editor-first=Clifton |editor-last=Bryant |title=The Routledge Handbook of Deviant Behavior |location=New York |publisher=Routledge}}
*{{citation |last=Lumsden |first=Ian |year=1996 |title=Machos, maricones, and gays: Cuba and homosexuality |publisher=Temple University Press |isbn=978-1-56639-371-3 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=mbH2pWBOZ1YC |page=7}}
{{refend}}

==Pautan luar==

{{DEFAULTSORT:Male Prostitution}}
[[Kategori:Pelacuran lelaki]]
[[Kategori:Industri seks]]
[[Kategori:Jenis pelacur]]