Difference between revisions 426103 and 426529 on nahwiki

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Caxtillan
{{LengüetasArriba}}
{{Lengüeta1|'''[[:Incubator:Wp/nch/España|España]]'''}}
{{Lengüeta1|'''[[:Incubator:Wp/ppl/España|España]]'''}}
{{LengüetasAbajo}}⏎
{{Cenca cualtzin tlahcuilolli}}
{{Tlacatiyan
| Chantocaitl                  = Reino de España
| Tocaitl                      = Hueyitlahtohcayotl Caxtillan
| Tlaltocaitl                  = Caxtillan
| Pamitl                       = Flag of Spain.svg
| Chimalli                     = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
| Chimalli_tamaño              = 120px
| Tlalmachiyotl                = EU-Spain.svg
| Tlalmachiyotl_tamaño         = 290px
| Tlacatiyancuicatl            = [[Marcha Real]]
| Pehualiztli                  = ''Plus Ultra'' (Ocachi Ompa)
| Tecuacan                     = [[Madrid]]
| Ancayotl                     = 19_26_N_99_08_W 19°26′M 99°08′C
| Hueyaltepetl                 = [[Altepenanyotl Madrid]]
| Tecpantlahtolli              = [[Caxtillantlahtolli]] ihuan 6 macehuallahtolli<sup>1</sup>
| Tenahuatiyotl                = Monarquia parlamentaria
| Tepachoani                   = &nbsp;• [[Caxtillan hueyitlahtoani|Hueyitlahtoani]] <br />&nbsp;• [[Caxtillan tlahtohcatlahtoani|Tlahtohcatlahtoani]]
| Tepachoani itoca             = [[Felipe VI]]<br />[[Mariano Rajoy]]
| Tlaquetzalli                 = [[Mēxihcatl Tlācaxoxouhcāyōtl|Nequetzaliztli]]
| Tlaquetzalli tetl            = &nbsp;• Omopeuh <br />&nbsp;• Omotlami
| Tlaquetzalli iman            = [[Caxtillan]]<br />[[16 chicnahui metztli]], [[1810]]<br />[[27 chicnahui metztli]], [[1821]]
| Tlaixpayotl                  = 1 972 550
| Tlaixpayotl_tlatectli        = 15
| Tlaixpayotl_atl              = 2.5%
| Tlahtohcayotenco             = 3 117.9 km ica [[Francia]]; 960 km ica [[Andorra]]; 960 km ica [[Portugal]]; 960 km ica [[Gibraltar]] ihuan 176 km ica [[Marruecos]]
| Hueyatenco                   = 11 122 
| Nelihuahcapanca              = [[Teide]]
| Chanehqueh                   = 112 322 757 ([[INEGI]] tepohualiztli [[2010]]<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/inegi/contenidos/espanol/prensa/comunicados/rpcpyv10.asp|author=INEGI|title=En México somos Somos 112 millones 322 mil 757 habitantes al 12 de junio de 2010|accessdate=5 Tlamācuīlti |accessyear=2011}}</ref>)
| Chanehqueh_tlatectli         = 11 
| Chanehqueh_pozahuacayotl     = 52.3
| PIB_nominal                  = US$ 874 902 millones<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=62&pr.y=16&sy=2007&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C446%2C914%2C666%2C612%2C668%2C614%2C672%2C311%2C946%2C213%2C137%2C911%2C962%2C193%2C674%2C122%2C676%2C912%2C548%2C313%2C556%2C419%2C678%2C513%2C181%2C316%2C682%2C913%2C684%2C124%2C273%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C624%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C283%2C228%2C853%2C924%2C288%2C233%2C293%2C632%2C566%2C636%2C964%2C634%2C182%2C238%2C453%2C662%2C968%2C960%2C922%2C423%2C714%2C935%2C862%2C128%2C716%2C611%2C456%2C321%2C722%2C243%2C942%2C248%2C718%2C469%2C724%2C253%2C576%2C642%2C936%2C643%2C961%2C939%2C813%2C644%2C199%2C819%2C184%2C172%2C524%2C132%2C361%2C646%2C362%2C648%2C364%2C915%2C732%2C134%2C366%2C652%2C734%2C174%2C144%2C328%2C146%2C258%2C463%2C656%2C528%2C654%2C923%2C336%2C738%2C263%2C578%2C268%2C537%2C532%2C742%2C944%2C866%2C176%2C369%2C534%2C744%2C536%2C186%2C429%2C925%2C178%2C746%2C436%2C926%2C136%2C466%2C343%2C112%2C158%2C111%2C439%2C298%2C916%2C927%2C664%2C846%2C826%2C299%2C542%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698%2C941&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a= Evolución del PIB nominal desde 2007 hasta 2009] (en inglés), en ''World Economic Outlook Database'', [[Fondo Monetario Internacional]] (abril de 2008)</ref>
| PIB_nominal_xihuitl          = 2009
| PIB_nominal_tlapohualli      = 14
| PIB_nominal_per_capita       = US$ 8 143<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2007&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=59&pr1.y=12&c=512%2C446%2C914%2C666%2C612%2C668%2C614%2C672%2C311%2C946%2C213%2C137%2C911%2C962%2C193%2C674%2C122%2C676%2C912%2C548%2C313%2C556%2C419%2C678%2C513%2C181%2C316%2C682%2C913%2C684%2C124%2C273%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C624%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C283%2C228%2C853%2C924%2C288%2C233%2C293%2C632%2C566%2C636%2C964%2C634%2C182%2C238%2C453%2C662%2C968%2C960%2C922%2C423%2C714%2C935%2C862%2C128%2C716%2C611%2C456%2C321%2C722%2C243%2C942%2C248%2C718%2C469%2C724%2C253%2C576%2C642%2C936%2C643%2C961%2C939%2C813%2C644%2C199%2C819%2C184%2C172%2C524%2C132%2C361%2C646%2C362%2C648%2C364%2C915%2C732%2C134%2C366%2C652%2C734%2C174%2C144%2C328%2C146%2C258%2C463%2C656%2C528%2C654%2C923%2C336%2C738%2C263%2C578%2C268%2C537%2C532%2C742%2C944%2C866%2C176%2C369%2C534%2C744%2C536%2C186%2C429%2C925%2C178%2C746%2C436%2C926%2C136%2C466%2C343%2C112%2C158%2C111%2C439%2C298%2C916%2C927%2C664%2C846%2C826%2C299%2C542%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698%2C941&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a= Evolución del PIB nominal per cápita desde 2007 hasta 2009] (en inglés), en ''World Economic Outlook Database'', [[Fondo Monetario Internacional]] (abril de 2008)</ref>
| PIB                          = US$ 1 540 207 millones<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2007&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=%2C&br=1&c=512%2C446%2C914%2C666%2C612%2C668%2C614%2C672%2C311%2C946%2C213%2C137%2C911%2C962%2C193%2C674%2C122%2C676%2C912%2C548%2C313%2C556%2C419%2C678%2C513%2C181%2C316%2C682%2C913%2C684%2C124%2C273%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C624%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C283%2C228%2C853%2C924%2C288%2C233%2C293%2C632%2C566%2C636%2C964%2C634%2C182%2C238%2C453%2C662%2C968%2C960%2C922%2C423%2C714%2C935%2C862%2C128%2C716%2C611%2C456%2C321%2C722%2C243%2C942%2C248%2C718%2C469%2C724%2C253%2C576%2C642%2C936%2C643%2C961%2C939%2C813%2C644%2C199%2C819%2C184%2C172%2C524%2C132%2C361%2C646%2C362%2C648%2C364%2C915%2C732%2C134%2C366%2C652%2C734%2C174%2C144%2C328%2C146%2C258%2C463%2C656%2C528%2C654%2C923%2C336%2C738%2C263%2C578%2C268%2C537%2C532%2C742%2C944%2C866%2C176%2C369%2C534%2C744%2C536%2C186%2C429%2C925%2C178%2C746%2C436%2C926%2C136%2C466%2C343%2C112%2C158%2C111%2C439%2C298%2C916%2C927%2C664%2C846%2C826%2C299%2C542%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698%2C941&s=PPPGDP&grp=0&a=&pr1.x=70&pr1.y=10 Evolución del PIB (PPA) desde 2007 hasta 2009] (en inglés), en ''World Economic Outlook Database'', [[Fondo Monetario Internacional]] (abril de 2008)</ref>
| PIB_xihuitl                  = 2009
| PIB_tlapohualli              = 11
| PIB_per_capita               = US$ 14 336<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2007&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=%2C&br=1&c=512%2C446%2C914%2C666%2C612%2C668%2C614%2C672%2C311%2C946%2C213%2C137%2C911%2C962%2C193%2C674%2C122%2C676%2C912%2C548%2C313%2C556%2C419%2C678%2C513%2C181%2C316%2C682%2C913%2C684%2C124%2C273%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C624%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C283%2C228%2C853%2C924%2C288%2C233%2C293%2C632%2C566%2C636%2C964%2C634%2C182%2C238%2C453%2C662%2C968%2C960%2C922%2C423%2C714%2C935%2C862%2C128%2C716%2C611%2C456%2C321%2C722%2C243%2C942%2C248%2C718%2C469%2C724%2C253%2C576%2C642%2C936%2C643%2C961%2C939%2C813%2C644%2C199%2C819%2C184%2C172%2C524%2C132%2C361%2C646%2C362%2C648%2C364%2C915%2C732%2C134%2C366%2C652%2C734%2C174%2C144%2C328%2C146%2C258%2C463%2C656%2C528%2C654%2C923%2C336%2C738%2C263%2C578%2C268%2C537%2C532%2C742%2C944%2C866%2C176%2C369%2C534%2C744%2C536%2C186%2C429%2C925%2C178%2C746%2C436%2C926%2C136%2C466%2C343%2C112%2C158%2C111%2C439%2C298%2C916%2C927%2C664%2C846%2C826%2C299%2C542%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698%2C941&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a=&pr1.x=41&pr1.y=14 Evolución del PIB (PPA) per cápita desde 2007 hasta 2009] (en inglés), en ''World Economic Outlook Database'', [[Fondo Monetario Internacional]] (abril de 2008)</ref>
| IDH                          = {{creciente}} 0,750
| IDH_xihuitl                  = 2010
| IDH_tlapohualli              = 56
| IDH_neneuhcayotl             =  {{Ingreso|ingreso=pani}}
| Tomin                        = [[Euro]] (€, <code>[[ISO 4217|EUR]]</code>)
| Tlacatocaitl                 = Caxtiltecatl, <br /> Espayol <ref name="John Bierhorst"/>
| Cemanahuacahuitl             = [[UTC-1]] ixquichcauh [[UTC-2]] 
| Cemanahuacahuitl_xopan       = [[UTC-12]] ixquichcauh [[UTC-1]]
| Matlatzalantli               = [[.es]]
| Tepozehecanonotzalli         = 34
| Tlahuilehecanonotzalli       = AMA-AOZ, EAA-EHZ
| Tlaohuihcaihcuilolli         = 724 / ES / ESP
| Olochcalpolli_ica            = [[Tlamaqui Pochtli Ixachitlān Mictlānco|TLCAN]], [[Tlacetilīlli Tlācatiyān|ONU]], [[Organización de los Estados Americanos|OEA]], [[Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico|OCDE]], [[Cooperación Económica del Asia-Pacífico|APEC]], [[Ētetl olōlli|G3]]
| Toquiliztequitl              = 
| Toquiliztequitl1             = Occequin tecpantlahtolmeh icampa [[Catalantlahtolli]], [[Galiciatlahtolli]], [[Vascotlahtolli]], [[Asturiastlahtolli]], [[Aragontlahtolli]] ihuan [[Occitantlahtolli]].
| Toquiliztequitl2             = Toquiliztequitl: FMI.
}}

'''Hueyitlahtohcayotl Caxtillan''' itoca '''Caxtillan''' ({{es2}}: ''Reino de España'' nozo ''España''), [[tlacatiyan]] ipan [[Europan]] ihuan ce centlamantli [[Europan Cetiliztli]]. [[Madrid]] [[tecuacan|itecuacan]] ca.

Cuaxochtia canahpa mictlampan ica [[Cantábrico hueyatl]], canahpa huitztlampa ica [[Mediterraneo hueyatl]] campa [[Baleares]], [[Gibraltar]] ihuan [[Marruecos]], canahpa tlapcopa ica [[Andorra]] ihuan [[Francia]], in altepetl [[Livia]] noyuhqui tlapcopa ca ipan Francia tlalihtec in Pirineo tepetlahco, ihuan canahpa icalaquiyampa ica [[Portugal]] ihuan [[Ailhuicatl Atlántico]] icampa [[Canarias]].

== Tlaltocaitl ==<!--Toponimia-->
Inin tlalyacatl ocuep tlaltocatzin ipampa '''Hispania''' punicotlahtolcopa: ''Tochtlalli''. Inin itoca huehuehcauh tlacuepalli canahpa nonotza ''España'' caxtillantlahtoltica. Occe tlahtolli omopouh tlein ''España'' motenehua '''i-spn-ya''' ahnozo ''Itepozchihualoyan Tlalpan'' nahuatlahtoltica.

In nahuatlahtolli itlaltoca ''Caxtillan'' ca cannel, manel in caxtiltecah omotocah ''españoles'' inahuatlahtoliz ''ixpayolmeh''<ref name="John Bierhorst">John Bierhorst yeh oquihcuilo "IXPAYOL, var ESPAYOL. Span., Español. Ixpayolme[h]..." ipan A Nahuatl-English Dictionary and Concordance to the Cantares Mexicanos whith an Analytic Transcription and Grammatical Notes.</ref>; in ihcuac omotetlahtolana itechpa inquizcan, intenanquililiz ocatca ipanocayoh mochipa ''Castilla'' (kaʂˈt̪ilʝa quimonēci kaʃˈtilʝa), ic in nahuatlahtohqueh omochiuh in catyan tocaitl ''Caxtillan'' (kaʃˈtillaːn). Ica in tlahtolli ''Castilla'' omochihua in tlanelhuatlahtolli ''caxtil'', achtopa ahtle tlamatiliztli, ocachi in ''sufijo'' ''-tlan'' <ref>James Lockhart. ''The Nahuas after the conquest''. 1992</ref>. Zatepan in tlahtolli [[caxtil]] omocuep ce yancuictlahtolli ica in axcan tlamatiliztli.

== Tlalcemanahuayotl ==<!--Geografía-->
[[Īxiptli:Spain.png|left|300px|thumb|Iberia tlalyacatl ihuan Tlalhuactli Baleares.]]

Itlalpan ixtli ca 1,959,248 km² ihuan tlālhuāctlīxtli 5,127 km². Īānāhua tlatlamachiyōtiāni 11,122 km. Ca miaquīntīn tlātlālhuāctli. Cuāxōchtia canahpa mictlāmpa īca [[Cantabrico Huēyātl]], canahpa huitztlāmpa nō [[Mediterraneo Huēyātl]] campa [[Baleares Tlātlālhuāctli]], ([[Mallorca]], [[Menorca]], [[Formentera]], [[Ibiza]]) īhuān [[Chafarinas Tlātlālhuāctli]], [[Gibraltar]] īhuān [[Marruecos]], canahpa īquizāyampa nō [[Andorra]] īhuān [[Francia]] īpan [[Livia]] āltepētl īpan Francia in Pirineo tepētlahco, īhuān canahpa īcalaquiyāmpa nō [[Portugal]] īhuān [[Atlántico Huēyātl]] īcampa [[Canarias Tlātlālhuāctli]], ([[Palma de Gran Canaria]], [[Tenerife]], [[Gomera]] īhuān [[Lazarote]]).

In tepētl ocachi cuauhtīc<ref>Quihtōznequi ''alto''</ref> [[Teide]] ompa tlalhuactli [[Tenerife]] īhuān inīc ōme ocachi cuauhtīc nicān [[Tlālyācatl Iberia]] [[Mulhacén]] īhuān [[Veleta]] ipan Sierra Nevada in ompa [[Granada]], occe tepetl quemeh [[Aneto]] ipan tepetlah Pirineo. In tepeyohtic sistema [[tepetlah Pirineo]], [[tepetlah Cantabrico]], [[tepetlah Betis]], [[Sierra Nevada]], [[Sierra Morena]], [[Sierra de Guadarrama]] occequin. In [[ātōyātl]] ocachi huehca [[Ebro]], occequin atoyātl quemeh [[Tajo]], [[Guadalquivir]], [[Duero]] īhuān [[Miño]].

===Yeyāntli===<!--Clima-->

Nican yeyāntli ahmoneuhqui īpan mochi Caxtillān, inon tlācatiyān īca mediterreaneo yeyāntli īca miactin [[tēpetl]], in xopantlan ahmo quiyahuitl ica ixachi tonayoh īpan ahco totonilmachioyotl<ref>Quihtōznequi ''temperatura''</ref>. Nicān mictlāmpa ixachi xoxoctic ihuan tepeyoh ica chicahuac ehecatl ihuicpa Cantabrico hueyatl quemeh tlahtocayoh cuauhtlah ''Picos de Europa'' in ompa [[Cantabria]], [[Asturia]] ihuān [[León]]. Nochipa tepetlampa quipia miac [[cuauhtlah]] cepayauhtic. In caxtiltencalixcuatl ica [[Andorra]] īhuān [[Francia]] In tepetlah Pirineo ca, cē yeyantli cenca tepeyohtic in yuh Sierra de Guadarrama, Sierra Morena ihuan Sierra Nevada, tlen atlacomolli quipia ixachi ātl en forma de atemoctli ihuan atoyātl īpan tlani temperatura. Quiyauhtlah yeyantli ōmpa atentli [[Galicia]] īhuān atentli [[Asturia]].

Īpan nō tlahcopampa zacatlah īca ehecahuacqui, Caxtillān nican quipia ixtlahuatl īhuān tepetzintli quemeh motenehua ''La Mancha'' icampa arabitēcah. In [[huaccaixtlahuatl]]<ref>Quihtōznequi ''desierto''</ref>. nican tlacatiyan [[Almeria]] īhuān tlalhuactli [[Lazarote]] cah, quemeh tlahtohcayoh cuauhtlah Timanfaya in ōmpa [[Canariah Tlātlālhuāctli]].

===Yōliztli=== <!--Naturaleza-->
In yolcah chanti in ōmpa [[cuauhtlah]] tlein quipiya [[Capreolus capreolus|Europan mazātl]], [[mazatl]], [[jabalí]], [[Caxtillān ocotōchtli]], [[gamo europeo]], [[castor]] īhuān [[āhuitzotl]]. Nō xiquitta Caxtillān tōtōmeh quemeh in [[cuāuhtli]] īpan [[Picos de Europa]] ca [[Asturia]].

Nicān tlācatiyān quipia occequintin yolcah, miac yeh extintos quemeh [[tlācamāyeh]], [[Europan mazatl]], [[uro]], [[cuetlaxtli]], occequintin. Mazqui quipiya occequin cuahuitl in [[roble]], [[abedul]] ahnozo [[pino]].

== Huehcapatlahtolyotl ==<!--Historia--> 
{{main|Ītlahtōllō Caxtillān}}

In [[Iberia Tlālyācatl]] ōchantiaya īpan [[Huēhuetlācatl|huēhuetlācah]] in ītōcā [[tlācatl Cro-Magnon]] ītlein āxcān yehhuāntin [[Tlahtohcāyōtl Vaxcapan|vaxcatēcah]]. Huēhuehtlācah [[Neandertal]] ōtlahcuiloh oztoco, ōquichcuācuahuehmeh in ōmpa oztotl [[Altamira]].

Inīn [[xihuitl|xiuhpan]] [[2000 a.X.]], celtah occequīntīn tlācah acicoh nicān īhuān ōnitlanemicoh īca iberiatēcah. Celtah ōcalchīhuacqueh īchanhuān īca tetl īhuān zācatl latintlahtōltica '''castrum''', ōmicqueh īca vascotlācah īhuān iberiatēcah. Celtah ōquipiacqueh a huēyitōltēcayōtl īhuān huēyi tēpachoaliztli.

Īpan [[1100 a.X.]] xihuitl, feniciatlācah ahnōzo punitlācah ōhuallauh nicān Iberia zātēpan [[Troya Īyāōyō]] canahpa Guadir āxcān ītōcā [[Cadiz]]. Feniciatlācah acicoh Iberia īyuhqui [[Almería]] anāhuac īhuān [[Grecia]] acicoh īpan [[Ampurdán]] inīn xiuhpan [[218 a.X.]] xihuitl. Greciatlācah īhuān feniciatlācah ōnitlacahuacoh inic cē [[āmoxtli]], mazqui aic yehhuāntin nezcayopanoliah ica iberiatēcah. Achtotlācatl vascotlācah cateh campa chantiah in ōmpa Iberia Tlālyācatzin.

Romatēcah acicoh Iberia xiuhpan 218 a.X., tehhuāntin tlahtōayah [[latintlahtōlli]] īhuān ōquimpopoloh canahpa iberiatlācah, tehuān ōquixtianayah in iberitēcatl āltepētl. [[Huēyitlahtoāni]] [[Adriano]] ōtlācati īpan Italia āxcān ītōcā Santiponse, [[Sevilla Teucyōtl]]. Īpan punitēcah yāōyōmeh ītitlān [[Cartago]] īpan [[Roma Huēyitlahtocāyōtl]] īpopoloh Iberia Tlālyācatl.

Yehyehua [[416]] {{3ped}} xihuitl, occē alemancalpōlli, ītōcā visigodotlācah, ōacicoh īpan Caxtillān quemeh huēhhuetlācah ic [[Roma]], yehhuātl ōtepēhuacqueh alantēcah īhuān vandalotlācah, axiltiauh suevotlācah in ōmpa [[Galicia]]. Visigodotlācah ōtlapachoacqueh achcauhuiptlah [[Mācuīlpōhualxihuitl 8]], yehuātl ōmocuepacqueh [[Catolicismo Romano]] īhuān īāltepēnanyō [[Toledo]] ōyeya.

Inīn [[689]] {{3casa}} xihuitl, arabiatlācah ōacicoh canahpa [[Africa]] mictlāmpac. Īpan [[711]] {{12caña}} xihuitl, in arabiatlācah ōquipēuh ixpan visigotlācah in ōmpa [[Īyāōyō Guadalete]], nicān ōmopohuac mahomaquipololo īhuīcpa Iberia Tlālyācatl, ixachi tlācah ōmocuepacqueh canahpa [[Islam|Mahomayōtl]] inic cē tēucyōtl, ahnozo tlālpan arabihuēytlahtocāyōtl ītōcā [[al-Andalus]], īāltepēnanyōtzin Cordoba.

Inīn xihuitl [[718]] {{6conejo}} īpan [[Asturia]] cē pillacatzin motōcāyotia Pelayo ōtlaicali īca mahomatlācatl, yehhuāntin mā quipiyah inīn tlācatl. Pelayo motēnehua īpan In yāōyōtl [[Covadonga]], asturyāōquixqueh, quenin mā pēhua In Tlahtocāyōtl Asturia motōcāyotia "La Reconquista" (Yancuīc Popololiztli), ica Criatianoyōtl īhuelitoyō īpan Iberia Tlālyācatl.

Visigodotlācah ōcholohuacqueh canahpa tepētlah Pirineo īca Francia huēyitlahtohcāyōtl. Ihcon [[Carlomagno]] ōtlachīuh [[Chāntli|īchān]] yāōquizqueh quemeh ītōcātzin "La Marca" (In Machioyōtl). Francia ōxexeliuh ītlālhuān īpan tepitzin cristianotēucyōtl. Inīn [[988]] {{3ped}} xihuitl, in [[tēuctli|tēuctin]] īpan [[Barcelona]], ōquipopoloh in tlahtocāyōtl īpan Pirineo tepētlah īca Francia tlahtoānih.

In Mācuīlpōhualxihuitl 8 auh [[Mācuīlpōhualxihuitl 9|9]] quipiaya mahomahuelītiyōtl īpan tlālyācatl īca cristianotlahtohcāyōtl in ōmpa mictlāmpa. Canahpa tlamiliztli Mācuīlpōhualxihuitl 8, in Omeya tēuctli Abderramán I, chololli īpan [[Siria]], ōtlachīuh īhuīc al-Andalus, īxachimatiliz huelītiliztli, cē celcatīc tēucyōtl ītōcā “Califato de Córdoba”.

Abderramán III otlachiuh al-Andalus ipampa celcatic tēucyōtl īpan Califato de Damasco, ye īca teōneltoquitlamaquixtiliztli īhuān ahmo política, tlahzocamati ipampa acoquitzaliztli īpan matiliztin, toltēcayōtl īhuān tlahcuillotl; īhuān netlacuitlahuilitoc īpan āltepēmatiliztli. In āltepētl ixachi huelitinih, [[Valencia]], [[Zaragoza]], [[Toledo]], [[Sevilla]] īhuān [[Córdoba]]. catca, In pohualxiuhpan X, īca al-Hakam II, Córdoba ocachi huēyi āltepētl īpan [[Europan]], quipiuh 500.000 chanehqueh ihuan huēyi toltēcayōtl. In Mahomahuetzquiliztli opeuh ihcuac in arabitēcah cenyeliztin ozomacque īca occe arabipillahtohcāyōtl otlachiuh tepitzin tlahtohcāyōtl motocayotia Taifas.

[[Īxiptli:Spain Andalusia Granada BW 2015-10-25 17-28-47.jpg|thumb|left|200 px|[[Alhambra]].]]

Ihcuac, ahmo huehca tepētlah Pirineo oquipiaya occequintin ōme cristianotlahtocayōtl [[Navarra]] īhuān [[Aragón]]. Atzalān āpan Iberia, in cristianotlācah oquipopoloh ocachi mahomatlālli, In [[Tlahtohcāpillōtl Asturia]] īca īāltepēnāyō [[Oviedo]] otocacuep icampa Huēyitlahtohcāyōtl León ihuicpa itlapacholiz ihcuac Ordoño inic Ōme ahcopa in tlahtoanicpalli, centililli īca copilli ihuic [[Galicia]], [[Asturia]] īhuān [[León]]. Otlācati yancuīc tlahtohcāyōtl Caxtillah īcampa Sancho III, tlahtoāni īhuic León, tlaquitcachiuh canah īcone Fernando.

Azozan in niman pohualxiuhtin, inonqueh tlahtocayōtl mopanoz canahpa [[Fernando I]] nōzo occetlahtoanih īpan cahuitl, atle xi tlapolohua ihuelitiyo ican tlahtoāni. Nicān tlacatiz ihuicpa León occēquin tlālli ica huēyi teucyōtl ītōcā [[Portugal]], quenin notlachihuaz īca tlahtohcāyōtl. Nicān oquipiac cualli tlahtoqueh yehuantin anmotocah Alfonso VI īhuān Alfonso VII ipan León, yehhuantin otlachihuacqueh acohpan inin tlahtocayotl canahpa Huēyitlahtohcāyōtl, ompic huēyiteōpixcayōtl [[Roma]], ipampa mochi Iberia tlālyacatl īhuān [[Francia]] Huitztlāmpa. Inin tlamiliztica, īpan xihuitl 1402, Copilli Portugal oixcomacac īca Tlahtohcāyōtl Caxtillān, aquin opeuh in oquimpopolo [[Canarias Tlālhuāctli]], chantiliztica ancateh ica huanchetlācah, in tepehualiztli īca normandotēcah ic tlahtoani Enrique inic Yei ihuicpan Caxtillān, quenin otlami oquipan 1496 in auh hueycaxtilcopilli.

[[Īxiptli:Toledo Santa Maria la Blanca.JPG|thumb|right|200 px|[[Toledo]]]]

In imamictiliz [[Isabel ihuicpa Caxtillān]] īhuān [[Fernando ihuicpa Aragón]], inonqueh ome Caxtillān copilli omotlacetililli, īpan popololiztli canahpa Mahomatlahtocayōtl [[Granada]] xiuhpan 1492 īhuān, zan niman, [[Navarra]] xiuhpan 1512 tlein otetocac cē tlahtocaoyotl, īca itomin ihuan i calixcuacaltin inompa [[Ātoyatl Ebro]] oc Carlos yoyaoyo xiuhpohualpan XIX. Navarra tlahtoani onicholoac Pirineo tepetlampa īhuān occē mocuepazquiazqueh in īpan tlahtoani [[Francia]].

Noihuan nican oquipeuhca cē mamictilitlayectiliztli īca [[Portugal]] tlen otlān īpan 1580, ihcuac [[Felipe inic Ōme]] otlehco itlahtocaicpal, tlacentiliuh zatlatzonco cē niman tlahtoani toda nicpampa in Iberia Tlālyacatl.

Īpan 1492, monihcuilo in quizaliztli ihuic [[judiotlācah]] quenin ahmo otlahualcaquih motlaneltoquiliz ipan [[cristianoyōtl]], quemeh Felipe inic Nahui Franciaco. [[Cristóbal Colón]], nicpampa tlahtoani Catolico, aci, ayancuipan, canah [[Ixachitlān]] īca iacalhuan.

In huēyi tlahtoqueh Fernando inic Cē inic Cē ihuan Isabel La Católica. Quiza [[Cristóbal Colón]] īpan 1492 xihuitl in ihuicpa motocayotia Puerto de Palos (Cuacuahuitl Ācalquīxōhuayān), ompa ca Altepetl Huelva ipan Caxtillān, in oyuhpanoc yei icaltica ome metztli, zatlatzonco oacico tlalhuacpan in itoca Guahananí, nicān in yancuīc tlalpan Yei iacal motocayotia La Niña (In Cihuāconētl), La Pinta (In Tlapālācalli), La Santa María (In Yectli Tonantzin María).

[[Īxiptli:Portrait_of_Philip_II_of_Spain_by_Sofonisba_Anguissola_-_002b.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Felipe II]].]]

Ipan 1700 xihuitl, omic caxtillahtoāni in itoca [[Felipe Inic Ome]]. Tlacatzin in tetzcutica huehueintin caxtillahtoqueh catca in Iquiqueh itech pohuiah icenyiliz [[Teutontlālpan]] nozo [[Austria]], auh yehuatl aic oquintlacachiuh ipipilhuan.

Nicān ompehua ompa Caxtillān hueyi yaoyotl in [[Francia]] quinchihuilito in ihuicpa auztēcah ipampa caxtillahtocacontetoquiliztli. Teuctli in itoca Felipe de Anjou, in aquin iixhuiuh catca hueyi tlahtoani Luis inic Matlahctli ihuan Nahui, oquimpeuh iyaohuān. 

Īpan 1898 xihuitl, [[Tlacetilīlli Tlahtohcāyōtl Ixachitlān]] quinyaochihua īca Caxtillān īhuān quintlatlalochtia [[Cuba]], [[Necuiltōnolācalquīxōhuayān]] ihuan [[Filipinas]]. Īpan 1819 xihuitl, Caxtillān quinamaquiltia ichanehhuān [[Tlacetilīlli Tlahtohcāyōtl Ixachitlān]], icecniquizaliz in itoca Itlalmaitl [[Florida]] (Xōchiyocān).

Inin xiuhpan 1931, mihtoa ce mecatlanahuatiliztli in ōmpa Caxtillān ipampa in tepacholiztli ihuicpa tlahtocayaoquizcani [[Francisco Franco]]. Pehua ce tlacayaoyotl tlacatlahtocaltepenahuah īhuān tlahtocaltepenahuah, ica miectin miquicqueh, nezahualiztli īhuān icnoyotl ītech caxtiltēcah. Mochintin caxtilcenyeliztli ocahuacoh xexelocqueh monequi quizaliztli ihuic īcaxtilcoconehuān canapa occequin huehcatlahtohcayōtl cemeh [[Cuba]], [[Mēxihco]], [[Argentina]], [[Rusia]] īhuān occēquintin tlācatiyān nicpampa xi tlapiltzanti in caxtilcoconeh.

Īpan 1975 xihuitl, omic yaoquizcani [[Francisco Franco]]; in axcān [[Juan Carlos I|Juan Carlos de Borbón]] huēyi tlahtoāni Caxtillān catca, inonqueh in inic ce tlacaticqueh tetenahuatoh ipampa caxtiltecah.

=== Āxcān Caxtillān ===<!--España Hoy-->

Īpan 2004 xihuitl, in 11 Tlayēti, [[Madrid]] omaceuh cē tlaixpololiztli temamauhtini mahomatlācah īpan tepozcalli itech altepetepozcoac tlein huallaztia īnompa [[Guadalajara]] cahnapa Atocha Tepozcoatilohuayān, yehhuatl temamauntinimeh omictiloh ixachi chipahuachanehqueh. Quenamo, [[José María Aznar]] tlapoloa tetenehuatlapohualli Partido Popular nic pampa tlahtocateixiptla ixpan ipochcayaotl [[Jose Luís Rodríguez Zapatero]] itech Partido Socialista Español [[PSOE]].

Caxtillān ce tlacatiyan ica ahcocaliztli icampa tlacatl ic nican ocicoh tlaneminimeh occe tlācatiyān quemeh [[Ecuador]], [[Colombia]], [[Argentina]], [[Peru]], [[Brasil]], [[Bolivia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Cuba]], [[Rumania]], [[Polonia]], [[Marruecos]], [[India]] ihuan [[Africa]] occecquintin tlācatiyān. In [[Ehēcalquixohuayān]] Barajas ihuicpa altepetl [[Madrid]], oxittontlayonqui ce ahuachuaztli ihuan omictiloh ome ecuadortecah, omaceuh ce tlaixpololiztli temamauhtini ETA ipan [[Vasconia]] icampa calpolli [[Batazuna]].

Occepa otlatlani Partido Socialista Español ([[PSOE]]) nicpampa tlahtocateixiptla [[Jose Luís Rodríguez Zapatero]] ixpan ipochcayaotl [[Mariano Rajoi]] ihicpa Partido Popular.

In Huēyitlahtohcāyōtl Caxtillān xiuhpan 2010 quemeh in tlahtocateixiptli [[Europanēcatl Tlacetilīztli]] cah cē [[tēcuacān|ītēcuacān]] ic [[Jose Luís Rodríguez Zapatero]] īpachohuāliz.

<div align=center>
<!-- galería de mapas -->
{| class="toc" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=2 width=800px style="float:center; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5e 
|colspan=8 style="background:#green; color:white; font-size:100%" align=center bgcolor="green"|'''Yeliztli ītechcopa Caxtillān'''
|-
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Ours brun parcanimalierpyrenees 1.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Linces19.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Fallow deer in field.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Capercaillie Lomvi 2004.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Iberian Wolf AdF 001.jpg|125px]]
|-
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Tlacamayeh]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Caxtillan ocomiztli]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Europan mazātl]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Caxtillān huehxōlōtl]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Caxtillan coyochichi]]
|-
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Silver Maple Acer saccharinum Leaves 2598px.jpg|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Figa de moro 01.JPG|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Palmitos Park-inside.jpg|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Cane cholla, with flower, Albuquerque.JPG|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Pinus ponderosa 9681.JPG|120px]]
|-
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Acer saccharinum]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Opuntia ficus-indica]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Phoenix canariensis]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Cylindropuntia imbricata]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Pinus ponderosa]]
|-
|}
</div>

==Chanehmatiliztli==<!--Demografía-->
[[Īxiptli:Plaza de Castilla (Madrid) 06.jpg|thumb|150px|left|[[Madrid]]]]
[[Īxiptli:Barcelona in Parc Güell.JPG|thumb|150px|right|[[Barcelona]]]]
[[Īxiptli:Ciudad de las ciencias noche.JPG|thumb|150px|left|[[Valencia]]]]
[[Īxiptli:Torredelorotyteatrolamaestranza.JPG|thumb|150px|right|[[Sevilla]]]]

Caxtillān quipia 46.200.737 chānehqueh ipampa 1 Tlacēnti [[2007]]. In tlalli icampa tlācatl ihuīc 89,6 hab/km² nican, tlani tlein occequintin tlacatiyan Europan Tlāpcopa. In tlalli ocachi chaneh, in atentli ihuan itzatlan Madrid altepetl. Caxtillān cē tlācatiyān quenin piya calpōllacatl icampa mācēhualtica vaxcatēcah, asturiatēcah, catalantēcah, [[galicitēcatl|galicitēcah]], occē noyuhqui tlanemi ixachi tlācatl occēquintin tlācatiyān.

Tlalli ocachi ochantililli inemi in ompa atentli Mediterraneo Hueyatl, Atlantico ailhuicatl īhuān atzatitlan āltepētl Madrid, tlalnepantlah quipia tepitzin tlacatl ipan altepēmaitl, quemeh La Mancha Ixtlahuatl ahnozo tepetlah, Cantabrica tepetlampa nozo Pirineo tepetlampa.

Nican altepetl ocachi ochantililloh Āltepētl [[Madrid]] īca 6 954 583 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Barcelona]] īca 3 327 872 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Valencia]] īca 1 664 663 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Sevilla]] īca 1 332 669 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Málaga]] īca 1 099 004 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Bilbao]] īca 949 939 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Oviedo]] īca 857 495 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Alicante]] īca 725 395 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Zaragoza]] īca 688 643 chānehqueh, Āltepētl [[Vigo]] īca 659 632 chānehqueh; icampa miyac chanehqueh. Hueyialtepetl nicān Caxtillān, cē tlahtohcāyōtl quenīn chantiah miacquīntīn chōntalchānehqueh, tlen 20% ihuicpa occequin caxtiltlacatiliztli.

===Neltococayotl===<!--Religión/Religion-->
[[Īxiptli:Basílica de Santiago 02.JPG|thumb|150 px|Hueyiteocalli [[Santiago de Compostela]].]]

Huēhuehcaxtiltēcatl teōneltococāyōtl poliuhqui cenca iciuhcac catca īpampa [[catolicismo romano]], mācēhualtin ahmō ōneltoqui mochololih canahpa ohuitepētitlān īhuān occequīntīn tlaihiyōhuatilocqueh zannō ''Santo Oficio'' ([[Caxtillān Atlācayōtl]]) in ōmpa [[Sevilla]]. Ihcuāc caxtiltēcah ōmpēhua mā xicristiania canah mācēhualtzintin zan motlamati Catolico teōneltococāyōtl quēmeh cristianoyōtl, mātēl in teōpixqueh tlamatizqiazqueh tlein ōyeyah occequīntīn cristianomeh ītōcā ''lutero tlalnetoqui'', ''ortodoxo tlalnetoqui'', īhuān inglatēcatlalnetoqui.

Caxtillān ca cē tlācatiyān ixachi católicos [[Europan]]co, in caxtiltēcatl tlahtohcāyōtl ahmō inic cē neltococāyōtl. In xexeliuhca intlā teōneltococāyōtl tlācapachotiliztli īhuān īopacholiz in tētlamamaquiliztli inīn tlācatlahtocāyōtl omcauh ic, īhuān ayāc catca īpan inīn nahuatīlli quin āxcān. Ihtoquiztia in āchcāuhteōtiliztli īpan caxtiltēcatl tlahtocāyōtl yezquia zan niman catolicoteōnechicoliztli, īhuān [[Constitución de Cadiz]] ihto tlein ahocmo piya ixnamiquiliztli nicpampa occequīntīn.

===Tlācanemitiliztli===<!--Migración-->
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
Occēquin caxtiltecah oneminih canahpa ([[Ixachitlān]] īhuān [[Europan]]), nahuatīlo īpampa in tlein caxtiltēcah chantiah īpan:
* {{ARG}} īca 255.200 caxtiltēcah
* {{FRA}} īca 159.500 caxtiltēcah
* {{VEN}} īca 119,500 caxtiltēcah
* {{DEU}} īca 83,400 caxtiltēcah
* {{CHE}} īca 71,700 caxtiltēcah
* {{BRA}} īca 63,600 caxtiltēcah
* {{MEX}} īca 52,200 caxtiltēcah
* {{UK}} īca 44,700 caxtiltēcah
* {{USA}} īca 45,300 caxtiltēcah
* {{URY}} īca 40,700 caxtiltēcah
{{col-2}}
Nicān Caxtillān, cē tlahtohcāyōtl quenīn chantiah miacquīntīn chōntalchānehqueh:
* {{ROM}}, 728,900 rumaniatlācah
* {{MAR}}, 644,600 marruecostlācah
* {{ECU}}, 420,100 ecuadortlācah
* {{UK}}, 351,900 inglatlācah
* {{COL}}, 280,700 colombiatlācah
* {{BOL}}, 239,900 boliviatlācah
* {{DEU}}, 180,600 teutontēcah
* {{ARG}}, 139,700 argentinatlācah
* {{ITA}}, 157,400 italiatlācah
* {{BGR}}, 153,600 bulgariatlācah
{{col-end}}

===Tlahtōlli īpan Caxtillān===<!--Lenguas de España-->
[[Īxiptli:Llengües d'Espanya.svg|thumb|250px|Tlahtōlli īpan Caxtillān]]
In ahcauhtlahtōlli īpan [[Caxtillān]] īhuān occequīntīn tlahtocāyōtl cemānāhuac. Ocachi 450,000,000 chānehqueh camacti inōn tlahtōlli in temopampa [[Chinatlahtōlli]] īhuān [[Inglatlahtōlli]]. Nīcan tlācatiyān in āchcāuhtlahtōlli [[Caxtillāntlahtōlli]], noyuhqui Caxtillān piya occequin inic ōme tlahtōlli.

In ōmpa Caxtillān piya occequin tlahtōlli quemeh [[catalantlahtōlli]] īpan [[Catalania]], tlālhuāctli Baleares (ahnōzo mayorcatlahtolli) īhuān Cemāxcayōtl Valencia (ahnōzo valenciatlahtōlli), in [[galicitlahtōlli]] ipan [[Galicia]] īhuān cequintin tlālli ihuicpan León īhuān Zamora, in [[vascotlahtōlli]] īpan [[Vasconia]] īhuān [[Navarra]] (cuāxōchtia canahpa mictlāmpa īca Pirineo tepētlah) īhuān Aran occitantlahtolli in ōmpa Ixtlahuac Aran. Noiuhqui motlahtoa in [[asturiatlahtōlli]] ipan Asturia (ahmotlazoyotl ic achcauhtlahtolli, yeceh ixmaqui itlamaniliz īhuān inetlacuitlahuiliz) in ōmpa León, Zamora, in yuh aragontlahtōlli mictlāmpa nō Huesca in īpan [[Aragón]] īhuān in [[extremaduratlahtōlli]] īpan [[Extremadura]] cah.

== Chicahualiztli huan tepacholiztli ==<!--Poder y gobierno-->
Chinaco quipixtoc se caltlapahtiquetl ica ceh macehualtepahtiquetl, huan zan quemanticah yahui tlen tepachianih ihquino iztoqueh tomacehualpoyohuah axcanah cualli mopahtiah.

=== Caxtillan ixeliuhca ===<!-- División política de España -->
<div align=center>
{| class="toc" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=2 width=500px style="float:center; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5e text-align:left;clear:all; margin-left:3px; font-size:90%"
|colspan=4 style="background:#black; color:white;" align=center bgcolor="black"|'''Caxtillān īxeliuhca'''
|- 
|colspan=4 align=center|[[Īxiptli:Comunidades autónomas de España.svg|center|500px]]
|- 
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Cemāxcāyōtl'''
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Chānehqueh (2005)'''
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Tlaīxpayōtl (km²)'''
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Tēcuacān''' 
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|'''Hueyitlahtohcayotl Caxtillan'''  
| align="right" |'''44 108 530''' 
| align="right" |'''504 645''' 
| '''[[Madrid]]'''
|-
|1. [[Andalucía]]
| align="right"| 8 202 220 
| align="right"| 87 268
| [[Sevilla]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|2. [[Aragón]] 
| align="right" | 1 326 918
| align="right" | 47 179
| [[Zaragoza]]
|-
|3. [[Asturias]] 
| align="right" | 1 080 138 
| align="right" | 10 603
| [[Oviedo]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|4. [[Baleares]]
| align="right" | 1 071 221 
| align="right" | 4 992 
| [[Palma de Mallorca]]
|-
|5. [[Canarias]] 
| align="right" | 2 075 968
| align="right" | 7 447 
| [[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]]/ [[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|6. [[Cantabria]] 
| align="right" | 582 138 
| align="right" | 5 221 
| [[Santander]]
|-
|7. [[Catalania]] 
| align="right" | 7 364 078
| align="right" | 32 114 
| [[Barcelona]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|8. [[Caxtillan ihuan León]] 
| align="right" | 2 553 301
| align="right" | 94 223 
| 
|-
|9. [[Caxtillan-In Mancha]]
| align="right" | 2 043 100 
| align="right" | 79 463 
| [[Toledo]] 
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|10. [[Galicia]] 
| align="right" | 2 783 100
| align="right" | 29 574 
| [[Santiago de Compostela]]
|-
|11. [[Extremadura]]
| align="right" | 1 097 744 
| align="right" | 41 634
| [[Mérida, Caxtillān|Mérida]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|12. [[La Rioja, Caxtillan|La Rioja]]
| align="right" | 317 501
| align="right" | 5 045
| [[Logroño]]
|-
|13. [[Cemāxcāyōtl Madrid|Madrid]]
| align="right" | 6 271 638
| align="right" | 8 021
| [[Madrid]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|14. [[Cemāxcāyōtl Murcia|Murcia]]
| align="right" | 1 426 109
| align="right" | 11 313
| [[Murcia]]
|-
|15. [[Navarra]] 
| align="right" | 619 114
| align="right" | 10 391 
| [[Pamplona]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|16. [[Cemāxcāyōtl Valencia|Valencia]]
| align="right" | 5 029 601 
| align="right" | 23 255 
| [[Valencia]]
|-
|17. [[Vasconia]]
| align="right" | 2 155 546 
| align="right" | 7 234 
| [[Vitoria]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|18. [[Ceuta]] 
| align="right" | 78 320 
| align="right" | 19 
| [[Āltepētl Ceuta]]
|-
|19. [[Melilla]] 
| align="right" | 71 339
| align="right" | 12
| [[Āltepētl Melilla]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|-
|}</div>

== Tequitiliztli ==<!--Economía-->
{| style = align="right" border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" class="bonita" style="margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
! colspan="2" | Tlanamacnetītlaniztli
! colspan="2" | Tlanamactlacuiliztli
|-
! Tlācatiyān
! 100%
! Tlācatiyān
! 100%
|-
| {{FRA}}
| 19,3%
| {{DEU}}
| 15,0%
|-
| {{DEU}}
| 11,4%
| {{FRA}}
| 14,5%
|-
| {{PRT}}
| 9,4%
| {{ITA}}
| 8,5%
|-
| {{GBR}}
| 8,5%
| {{GBR}}
| 5,8%
|-
| {{ITA}}
| 8,4%
| {{NLD}}
| 4,9%
|-
| {{USA}}
| 4,0%
| {{CHN}}
| 4,3%
|-
| {{NLD}}
| 3,1%
| {{BEL}}
| 3,7%
|-
| {{BEL}}
| 2,8%
| {{PRT}}
| 3,3%
|-
| Occequīn
| 33,1%
| Occequīn
| 40,0%
|-
|}

Caxtillān cē tequiyōtl īpan Europan ītech temocpan. In yacaticac tequiyotl in [[ahuicyaniliztli]] ic cualli yeyantli īpan itentli Mediterraneo Hueyatl. Caxtiltēcatl tequiyōtl tequipanoa īhuīc tlaquixtilli tlalpixcayotl īca inic cē ichcapixcayotl īpan [[Tepetlah Pirineo]], nōiuhqui inic ōme tequipanolli piya cē ācalquīxōhuayān ītequipanoliz in ōmpa [[Barcelona]] īhuān [[Valencia]]. In [[SEAT]] cē [[tepozmalacatl]] otlachihualoc īpan Caxtillān ipampa huaznenqui tlachihualotiliztli.

In [[cuilotl]] inīc cē pixcayōtl in ōmpa Caxtillān, occequīntīn caxtiltēcah huēyi tequipanolli in tlalpixcayōtl īhuīcpa [[xocomecatl]] (inic yei hueyicauh īpan [[tlalticpactli]]), [[zapalōtl]], [[lalaxtli]], [[cintli]], [[ācintli]], [[xītomatl]], [[limaxocotl]], [[ichcatl]], nōhuān pitzopixcayōtl, cahuayōhpixcayōtl, cuacuahuehpixcayōtl, ichcapixcayotl, pipiyolpixcayōtl, īnōmpan coyonimatiliztli tlaquixtilli [[teconalli]], [[tlīltepoztli]], [[amochitl]], [[temētztli]] īhuān [[Iztāctepoztli]].

== Tlamatiliztli īhuān āmantēcayōtl ==
[[Īxiptli:Roque z04.jpg|thumb|right|150 px|Ilhuicamachiyohuayan in ompa tlalhuactli [[La Palma]] ipan [[Canariah Tlālhuāctli]].]]
Caxtillān cenca cualli mohuelquezqui īca pani yancuīc chihualizmatiliztli īhuān tlachihualoyān, acān in xocoyotl xiuhpan in tlachihualiztic altepecuauhtlah īpan tecuiyo tlachihualoyan, in yuh icopa Tepochcalli, tlahtlaniliztli ihuan tlamiaquiztli. Axcān quipia 41 tlachihualiztic altepecuauhtlah (12 ipan funcionamiento ihuan 29 ipan proyecto). Occe yancuic chuhualizmatiliztli Caxtillān in ehecatlachicahualiztepec tlein tlachiuh tlahuilyollohtli nōzo tlahuilli īhuān ahmo ihmatiuhtia tlalyolizyoliztli.

===Tlachicāhualiztli===<!--Energía-->
Nican tlalpan quipia hueyi ilhuicamachiyohuayan in ompa tlalhuactli La Palma ipan Tlahuactli Canariah itechpahuicpa Instituto de Astrofísica Canaria, quihto ican in ilhuicamachiyotilli ocachi huelitini īpan Centlalticpac.

===Huaznenquiliztli===<!--Transportación-->
[[Īxiptli:Iberia.a320-214.ec-hdl.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|150 px|[[Iberia]] ehecatlaltic caxtiltecatl [[tepoztōtōtl]].]]
[[Īxiptli:Renfe clase 100.JPG|thumb|right|150 px|[[RENFE]] ce caxtiltēcatl tepozcōātl.]]

Miaquīntīn [[huaznenqui]] Caxtillān cateh, nīcan quipiya 105 [[ehēcalquixohuayān]] cateh ipampa mochi tlālpan īhuān īāltepētlālhuān, nīcan 33 patlac tlācatiyānco quenin tlaquipanoh 205 ehecatlaltīc tepoztōtōtl, in ocachi huelitini ehecalquixohuayān Madrid-Barajas ica 70,000,000 ahuicyanih īpan xihuitl. Ehēcalquixohuayān El Prat ipan [[Barcelona]] cenca huelitini īca nahui yancuīc tepoztōtōtiloyān, Sondika īpan Bilbao īhuān occequin in ōmpa [[Ibiza]], [[Málaga]], [[Valencia]] īhuān [[Palma de Mallorca]].

In tepozohtli mecatlali nochintin āltepētl īpan Caxtillān, in tlahtocayotīc tōcachihualiztli RENFE tlanehchicoa cahuitl ipampa itepozcoahuān īca 250 km oc 300 km imanin. [[Tepozcōātl]] Alta Velocidad Española [[AVE]] (Caxtiltēcatl ahcohuelihuitl) aci canahpa āltepētl [[Paris]], [[Zurich]] ahnōzo [[Milano]], mecatlaliuh Caxtillān īca [[Europan]]. In matlatiloyān ihuic [[āltepētepozcōātl]] ca īpan [[Madrid]], [[Barcelona]], [[Bilbao]], [[Valencia]] īhuān [[Palma de Mallorca]]. Nō in āltepētepozcoatl Madrid quipiya 310 Km īc 616 000 000 tlācah īhuān āltepētepozcōatl Barcelona quipiya 115 km ic 480 000 000 tlācah.

Nīcan tlālpan quipiya 370 000 km ihuic chiyapopotic ohtli, inin matlatl tlaxitocac hueyiohtli, tlaxoxouhqui hueyiohtli, ochpantlaqui ohtli īhuān nexpanacatl tepozmalacaohtli. Caxtillān quipiya 13 200 km ihuic hueyiohtli atleh zan xitlapohua tlalohtli, āltepēohtli, ohcalli īhuān cuauhohtli.

Nohuican Caxtillān quipiya cenca cuālli apanohtli īca 53 acalquixohuayān patlac tlacatiyanco ipan [[Huēyātl Tlālnepantlah]] ihuan [[Ilhuicaātl Atlántico]], Acalquixohuayān Algeciras huelihuitl ipampa ahcopa pohualli ihuic panoni; acalquixohuayan Vigo occe tenyotica, noyuhqui acalquixohuayān Barcelona, acalquixohuayan Cadiz īhuān acalquixohuayan Palma de Gran Canaria.

==Tōltēcayōtl==<!--Cultura-->
[[Īxiptli:El Greco - The Burial of the Count of Orgazdetal1.jpg|thumb|400px|center|'''El entierro del conde Orgaz''' otlacuilo ipampa Murillo.]]

In [[caxtiltēcayōtl]], quimahuiliztilia in ompa Caxtillān, in tenyoh tlamantli in tlahtolli ihuan in macehuallotl. Caxtillān cē tlācatiyān ican mochi tlacuicuiliztli ipan Centlalticpac quito Tlaquitcayotl īpan Tlachihuatlacayotl icampa UNESCO; ixquichi tlamatocac toltecayōtl, yolizyoliztli ipan ahmo tlamatocac toltecayotl quemeh tlacualcayotl, macehualmihtotiztli, macehualtlahtolloliztli.

Ipan inon tlalpan ihuicpa huehueyi tlahcuilomeh quemen [[Velázquez]], [[El Greco]], occequin. Inin xiuhpan 1650, zanno ihcuac tlahchilohuaya ompa Caxtillān in iteuhcayo Don Bartolomé Estebán Murullo. Occepa xihuitl [[Pablo Picasso]] ihuan [[Salvador Dalí]].

Nican Caxtillān, itlachiuh cuacuauhmihtotiztli caxtillāntlahtoltica ''Tauromaquía'', ce mihtotli itech tolontic atualtzacualoyan tlein imictih oquichcuacuahueh nicampa cē tlacatl tlamictiani motocayotia ''torero'', in ompa aitualtzacualoyan ahnozo ''Plaza de toros'', itlachiuh ''corridas de toros'' (motlalohualiztli cuacuahuemeh) ipan Las Ventas, [[Madrid]], La Maestranza, [[Sevilla]] ahnozo ''encierros'' (tlatzacualli) ipan Plaza Monumental in ompa [[Pamplona]].

Īpan Caxtillān, teōnantzin [[Nantzin Teresa de Ávila]] īhuān [[teōpixqui]] [[Juan de la Cruz]] ōāmatlacuiloh āmoxtli īca Caxtillahtōlli. Azozan [[Miguel de Cervantes]] ōāmatlacuiloh [[El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quixote de la Mancha]] quemeh inic cē āmoxtli īpampa Caxtillahtōlli. Azozan huehca xihuitl oquiamatlacuilo [[Benito Pérez Galdós]] ahnozo in xochicuicani [[Federico García Lorca]] ipan motocayotia [[Caxtiltecatl Tlacatlahtocayotl]] xiuhpan 1940.

===Tlacualcāyōtl===<!--Gastronomía-->
[[Īxiptli:Paella Marinara.JPG|thumb|180px|''Paella'' itech [[Valencia]].]]
Caxtillān tlācatiyān ica ixachi tlacualli in ōmpa [[tlatetzauhtli]], [[neuctli]], [[paella]], [[pitzonacatl]], [[cuācuahueh|cuacuauhnacatl]], [[tōtōlnacatl]]; [[caxtilchīlli]], [[pitzocuitlaxcotli]], [[chiancacatl]], [[chichihualatl]], [[tlatezauhtli]], [[xocoqui]], in [[tlauhtli]], [[caxtillaxcalli]], [[xocomecatl]] īca [[octli|tlapaloctli]], [[lalaxtli]] [[mazatexocotl]], [[ezxocotl]], [[chiyacuilotl]], [[limonxocotl]] occequīntīn.. Mazqui in mācēhuallacualli inic cē catca, īpēhualiz īhuīc āxcān caxtiltēcatl tlacualli ōquichīuh arabitepēhuacāuhpan.<!--Por ello, la mayor parte de sus ingredientes son de origen romano, marroquí, asiático y americano.--> Neuhqui, miaquīntīn tlacualcāyōtl motēquitiltīlia āxcān son herencia de los āchcāuhtīca nextamaliztli ic cintli, in tlacuallli tlamatiliztli īpan tlecuitl, la molienda en molcaxitl īhuān metlatl. Arabitēcah ōacicoh [[azafrán]], in ōmpa [[Teutontlālpan]] in [[teixhuinotl]].

Nican tlalpan itlacua noyuhqui los churros, las tapas, neictlaxcalli in ompa las confiterias ihuan chocolaterias.

=== Cuīcayōtl ===
[[Īxiptli:Santiago 4.JPG|thumb|180px|''Gaiteiros'' (ehuatlapitzatianih), ipan [[Galicia]].]]
Caxtiltēcatl cuīcayōtl ce hueyi īhuān cenca variada [[Europan]]copa, nican tlālpan quipiya nochi instrumentos musicales tlen opano itechcopahuicpa [[Asia]], Africān Mictlampa īhuān Europan Tlahcopampa. In [[mecahuēhuētl]] ce instrumento tocado nican Caxtillān. In [[ehuatlapitzalli]] occe instrumento tocado īpan [[Galicia]], [[Asturia]] īhuān [[León]], in ''catañuelas'' oquipiya ipan imihtotiliz in ōmpa Iberia tlālyacatl.

Miaquīntīn [[cuīcayōtl neneuhcāyōtl]] cah inīn tlācatiyān iuhquin [[rock]], [[pop]] nōzo [[tlātlamantic cuīcayōtl|tlātlamantic]]. Huēyi [[tlacuīcaliztli]] cateh [[Mecano]] īhuān [[Mägo de Oz]].

==== Huēyi [[cuīcatiani]] ====
* [[Juan Manuel Serrat]]
* [[Julio Iglesias]]
* [[Raphael]]
* [[Rocío Durcal]]
* [[Rocío Jurado]]
* [[Joselito]]

===Huēhuetlatquicayōtl===<!--Patrimonio-->
[[Īxiptli:Cuenca CasasColgadas1.jpg|thumb|160px|[[Casas Colgadas]], en [[Cuenca (España)|Cuenca]].]]
[[Īxiptli:Alcázar de Segovia 1-7-07.JPG|thumb|160px|[[Alcázar de Segovia]].]]
[[Īxiptli:Monasterio de Suso (2).jpg|thumb|160px|[[Monasterio de San Millán de Suso|San Millán de Suso]] ([[La Rioja (España)|La Rioja]]).]]
[[Īxiptli:Arcoiris_en_el_Palmeral_de_Elche.jpg|thumb|160px|[[Palmeral de Elche]], en [[Provincia de Alicante|Alicante]].]]

* 1984 [[Parc Güell]], [[Palau Güell]] y [[Casa Milà]] ([[Barcelona]])
* 1984 [[Monasterio de El Escorial|Monasterio y Real Sitio de El Escorial]] ([[Cemāxcāyōtl Madrid|Madrid]])
* 1984 [[Catedral de Burgos]] ([[Burgos]])
* 1984 La [[Alhambra]], [[El Generalife]] y [[Albaicín]] ([[Granada]])
* 1984 [[Centro histórico de Córdoba]] ([[Córdoba (España)|Córdoba]]) 
* 1985 Monumentos de [[Oviedo]] y del Reino de Asturias ([[Asturias]])
* 1985 [[Cueva de Altamira]] ([[Cantabria]])
* 1985 [[Ciudad vieja de Segovia]] y su [[Acueducto de Segovia|Acueducto]] ([[Segovia]])
* 1985 [[Ciudad vieja de Santiago de Compostela]] ([[Provincia de La Coruña|La Coruña]]) 
* 1985 [[Ciudad vieja de Ávila]] e iglesias extra-muros ([[Ávila]])
* 1986, 2001 [[Arquitectura mudéjar de Aragón]] 
* 1986 [[Parque Nacional de Garajonay]], ([[La Gomera]])
* 1986 [[Ciudad vieja de Cáceres]] ([[Cáceres]]) 
* 1986 [[Ciudad histórica de Toledo]] ([[Toledo]]) 
* 1987 [[Catedral de Sevilla|Catedral]], [[Reales Alcázares de Sevilla|Reales Alcázares]] y [[Archivo de Indias de Sevilla]] ([[Sevilla]]) 
* 1988 [[Ciudad vieja de Salamanca]] ([[Salamanca]]) 
* 1991 [[Monasterio de Poblet]], ([[Provincia de Tarragona|Tarragona]])
* 1993 [[Conjunto arqueológico de Mérida]] ([[Provincia de Badajoz|Badajoz]]) 
* 1993 [[Monasterio de Guadalupe|El Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe]], ([[Provincia de Cáceres|Cáceres]])
* 1993 El [[Camino de Santiago]] de Compostela 
* 1994 [[Parque Nacional de Doñana]], ([[Provincia de Huelva|Huelva]])
* 1996 [[Ciudad histórica fortificada de Cuenca]] ([[Cuenca]]) 
* 1996 [[La Lonja de la seda de Valencia]] ([[Valencia]]) 
* 1997 [[Palacio de la Música Catalana]] y [[Hospital de Sant Pau]], en [[Barcelona]] (Barcelona) 
* 1997 [[Las Médulas]] ([[Provincia de León|León]]) 
* 1997 [[Monasterio de Yuso|Monasterios de San Millán de Yuso]] y de [[Monasterio de Suso|Suso]] ([[La Rioja (España)|La Rioja]])
* 1998 [[Arte rupestre del arco mediterráneo de la Península Ibérica|Arte rupestre del Arco Mediterráneo]] de la península Ibérica 
* 1998 Universidad y recinto histórico de [[Alcalá de Henares]], ([[Comunidad de Madrid|Madrid]]) 
* 1999 [[Ibiza (isla)|Ibiza]] ([[Islas Baleares]]), biodiversidad y cultura 
* 1999 [[San Cristóbal de La Laguna]], ([[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]])
* 2000 Sitio Arqueológico de [[Atapuerca]], ([[Provincia de Burgos|Burgos]])
* 2000 [[Palmeral de Elche]], ([[Provincia de Alicante|Alicante]])
* 2000 [[Misterio de Elche]], ([[Provincia de Alicante|Alicante]])
* 2000 Iglesias románicas catalanas del [[Valle de Bohí]], ([[Provincia de Lérida|Lérida]])
* 2000 [[Muralla romana de Lugo]] ([[Lugo]]) 
* 2000 [[Conjunto arqueológico de Tarragona]] ([[Tarragona]]) 
* 2001 [[Paisaje cultural de Aranjuez]], ([[Comunidad de Madrid|Madrid]])
* 2001 Construcciones, arte e historia de [[Aragón]]
* 2003 Ciudades de [[Baeza]] y [[Úbeda]], ([[Provincia de Jaén (España)|Jaén]])
* 2006 [[Puente Vizcaya]], [[Bilbao]] ([[Vizcaya]])

===Momotlalcāyōtl===<!--Deporte-->
[[Īxiptli:Spanish World Cup celebration.jpg|thumb|right|200 px|[[Xōtlachpatoliztli]] īpan [[World Cup 2010]].]]
In momotlalcāyōtl īpan Caxtillān ca ipampa xopatoltiliztli (ihuicpa in xiuhpohualli XX), chiquiuhpatoliztli, omemalacaztli, tenis, mapatoltiliztli, īhuān momotlalcāyōtl  itech tepozcuaitl. Axcān, Caxtillān, cē centlalticpac huelitini īca momotlalcayotl, ihcuac tecuacan itechpahuic Olimpicayoh Mahuiltiliztli xiuhpan 1992 in ōmpa [[Barcelona]], otlacauh huel miyac imomotlalcāyō ipampa tlācatiyān.

Caxtillān oquipiya cemanahuac tlamahuichihuanih īpan momotlalcayōtl quemeh: xopatiliztli, padel, mapatoltiliztli, hockey patines, amapatoltiliztli, acalpamitl, karate, judo, taekwondo, boxeo, tenis, atletismo, gimnasia, trial, enduro, triatlón, aquizaliztli, windsurf, golf, motociclismo, rally, ciclismo, ocachi axcan, Fórmula 1 īhuān quiquiuhpatoltiliztli.

* [[Īxiptli:Olympic flag.svg|50px]] Caxtillān īpan [[Olimpicayoh neāhuiltiliztli]].
* [[Selección de atletismo de Caxtillān]]
* [[Selección de baloncesto de Caxtillān]]
* [[Selección de balonmano de Caxtillān]]
* [[Selección de béisbol de España]]
* [[Selección de fútbol de España]]
* [[Selección de fútbol sala de España]]
* [[Selección de hockey hierba de España]]
* [[Selección de rugby de España]]
* [[Selección de waterpolo de España]]
* [[Fútbol en España]], [[Liga española de fútbol]] y [[Copa del Rey de Fútbol|Copa del Rey]]
* [[Baloncesto en España]], [[Liga ACB]], [[Liga LEB]] y [[Copa del Rey de Baloncesto|Copa del Rey]]
* [[Balonmano en España]], [[Liga ASOBAL]], [[Copa del Rey de Balonmano|Copa del Rey]], [[Copa ASOBAL]]
* [[Ciclismo en España]] y [[Vuelta ciclista a España]]
* [[Tenis en España]]
* [[Voleibol en España]], [[Copa del Rey de Voleibol|Copa del Rey]]
* [[Béisbol en España]]
* [[Mundo del Motor en España]]

== Amoxtiliztli ==<!--Bibliografía-->
* ''Ediciones Trébol, ''Diccionario Enciclopédico Visual'' īpān caxtillahtōlli, ''Cargraphics S.A., otepoztlahcuiloc ipan [[Colombia]], 1997.'' 
* ''García Escamilla, Enrique, ''Historia de México'' (Mēxihco ītlahtōllotl), tlahcuilohua Nāhuatl īhuān {{es2}}, otepoztlahcuiloc ipan [[Calpōlli Tlahtōlōyān]], Plaza y Valdés Editores, [[1991]].''

<small>
:LOCKHART, James. ''The Nahuas After the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries''. Stanford University Press, 1994. (nāhuatlahtōlli - inglatlahtōlli)
</small>

== Toquiliztequitl ==<!--Referencias-->
<references/>

== Cequin tlatilantli ==<!--Enlaces externos-->
{{commons|Caxtillan}}
* [http://www.casareal.es Jefatura del Estado]
* [http://www.lamoncloa.es Presidencia del Gobierno de España]
* [http://www.congreso.es Cámara Legislativa de España]
* [http://www.constitucion.es Constitución española]
* [http://www.ine.es Instituto Nacional de Estadística]
* [http://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/anuarios_mnu.htm Anuario Estadístico de España]
* [http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/rielcano/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/Elcano_es/Zonas_es/DT+32-2007 Principales multinacionales de España: una fuerza cada vez mayor en la economía], por William Chislett, en el [[Real Instituto Elcano]].
* [http://www.spain.info Web oficial del turismo en España]
* [http://go.hrw.com/atlas/span_htm/spain.htm Atlas de España]
* [http://www.embalses.net Estado de los Embalses de España]
* [http://www.javea-villas.org/espana/bandera.htm Historia de la bandera de España]
* [http://www.economist.com/media/pdf/QUALITY_OF_LIFE.pdf ''The Economist'' clasificación de países por calidad de vida (2005)] -10º (inglatlahtōlcopa)
* [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sp.html Estadísticas de España en el ''CIA World Factbook''] (inglatlahtōlcopa)
* [http://www.rsf.fr/article.php3?id_article=4116 Índice de libertad de prensa] - 29º sobre 139 países (inglatlahtōlcopa)
* [http://www.consul.cc/content/suchergebnis?ov=Spain Consulados para España] (en inglés)

{{Europan}}
{{Caxtillan}}

[[Neneuhcāyōtl:Caxtillan]]