Difference between revisions 480025 and 480625 on nahwiki

{{Tlacatiyan
| Chantocaitl = Tlacatlahtocayotl Peru
| Tlaltocaitl = República del Perú<br>Piruw Hapan Llaqta<br />Piruw Suyu
| Tocaitl = Peru
| Pamitl = Flag of Peru.svg
| Chimalli = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
| Tlacatiyancuicatl = [[Peru tlacatiyancuicatl]]
| Tlacatiyancuicatl_tlahcuilolli = United States Navy Band - Marcha Nacional del Perú.ogg
| Tlalmachiyotl = Peru (orthographic projection).svg
| lema_nacional = ''Firme y feliz por la unión''<br />({{es2}} "Huapactic īhuān pāquini in cētilizpampa")
| Tecuacan = [[Lima]]<small><sup>3</sup></small> [[Īxiptli:Coat of arms of Lima.svg|right|20px]]
| tēcuacān_chānehqueh =  10 584 000 
| tēcuacān_cemonoc = 12_03_00_S_77_02_00_W  12°03′00″H 77°02′00″C 
| huēyi_āltepētl = [[Lima]]
| āchcāuhtlahtōlli =  [[Caxtillantlahtolli]]
| cepanāchcāuhtlahtōlli = [[Quechhuatlahtōlli]]<br/>[[Aimaratlahtōlli]]<br/>Miec nicān tlācah īntlahtōlhuān<small><sup>2</sup></small>
| tēpacholiztli = [[Tlacetiliāni tlahtohcāyōtl|Tlacetiliāni]] [[Tlahco Tlahtohcātēīxiptlahyōtl|Tlahco Tlahtohcātēīxiptlahtini]] [[Tlācatlahtohcāyōtl]]
| tēpachohqueh = [[Peru Tlahtohcātēīxiptla|Tlahtohcātēīxiptla]]<br> [[Peru Ōntlahtohcātēīxiptla|Ōntlahtohcātēīxiptla]]<br> [[Presidente del Consejo de Ministros del Perú|Primer Ministro]]<br>
| tēpachohqueh_tōcāitl = [[Francisco Sagasti]]<br>[[Mercedes Aráoz]]<br>[[Violeta Bermúdez]]
| tzintiliztli = [[Peru Tlācaxoxouhcāyōtl|Tlācaxoxouhcāyōtl]]
| fundación_hitos = &nbsp;• [[Pelōn Tlācaxoxouhcāyōltl īTlatēnquīxtīliz|Tlatēnquīxtīliztli]]<br/>&nbsp;• [[Nāhuatīllālīliztli]]<br/>&nbsp;• [[Tlachicāhualiztli]]<br/><br/>&nbsp;• [[Nemachililiztli]]
| fundación_fechas = īhuīcpa [[Caxtillān]]<br/>[[28 ic chicōme]], [[1821]]<br/>[[20 ic chicnāhui]], [[1822]]<br/>[[20 ic mahtlāctli omōme]], [[1824]]<br/>[[14 ic chicuēyi]], [[1879]]
| tlaīxpayōtl = 1 285 216.20
| tlaīxpayōtl_tlatēctli = 19
| tlaīxpayōtl_ātl = 0.4%
| cuāxōchtli = 7 073 [[km]]<ref name="mrre">{{cita web |año = 2012 |url = http://www.rree.gob.pe/politicaexterior/Documents/Propuesta%20contenido%20folleto%20DDF%20(29MAY12).pdf |título = Desarrollo e Integración Fronteriza |editor = [[Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores (Perú)|Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Perú]] |página = 3 |formato= [[PDF]] |fechaacceso = 25 de marzo de 2015}}</ref>
| huēyi_ātēntli = 3 080 [[km]]
| chānehqueh = 	31 237 385 <ref>{{cite_web |year = 2018 |url = https://www.inei.gob.pe/prensa/noticias/poblacion-del-peru-totalizo-31-millones-237-mil-385-personas-al-2017-10817/ |title = Población del Perú totalizó 31 millones 237 mil 385 personas al 2017 |editor = Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática |accessdate = 25 de junio de 2018}}</ref>
| chānehqueh_tlatēctli = 43<ref>{{cite_web |year = 2017 |url = https://elcomercio.pe/mundo/actualidad/censo-2017-peru-20-paises-poblados-mundo-noticia-466656 |title = Censo 2017: Estos son los 20 países más poblados del mundo |editor = [[El Comercio (Perú)|El Comercio]] |accessdate = 27 de junio de 2018}}</ref>
| chānehqueh_pozāhuacāyōtl = 25.02
|PIB_nominal = [[Dólar estadounidense|USD]] 239&nbsp;217 millones.<ref name="pibnominal">{{cita web |año = 2019 |url = http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2019&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=54&pr1.y=7&c=512%2C946%2C914%2C137%2C612%2C546%2C614%2C962%2C311%2C674%2C213%2C676%2C911%2C548%2C193%2C556%2C122%2C678%2C912%2C181%2C313%2C867%2C419%2C682%2C513%2C684%2C316%2C273%2C913%2C868%2C124%2C921%2C339%2C948%2C638%2C943%2C514%2C686%2C218%2C688%2C963%2C518%2C616%2C728%2C223%2C836%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C359%2C960%2C453%2C423%2C968%2C935%2C922%2C128%2C714%2C611%2C862%2C321%2C135%2C243%2C716%2C248%2C456%2C469%2C722%2C253%2C942%2C642%2C718%2C643%2C724%2C939%2C576%2C644%2C936%2C819%2C961%2C172%2C813%2C132%2C726%2C646%2C199%2C648%2C733%2C915%2C184%2C134%2C524%2C652%2C361%2C174%2C362%2C328%2C364%2C258%2C732%2C656%2C366%2C654%2C734%2C336%2C144%2C263%2C146%2C268%2C463%2C532%2C528%2C944%2C923%2C176%2C738%2C534%2C578%2C536%2C537%2C429%2C742%2C433%2C866%2C178%2C369%2C436%2C744%2C136%2C186%2C343%2C925%2C158%2C869%2C439%2C746%2C916%2C926%2C664%2C466%2C826%2C112%2C542%2C111%2C967%2C298%2C443%2C927%2C917%2C846%2C544%2C299%2C941%2C582%2C446%2C474%2C666%2C754%2C668%2C698%2C672&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=|título = Peru: Gross domestic product, current prices (U.S. dollars) |editor = Fondo Monetario Internacional |fechaacceso = 18 de febrero de 2019}}</ref>
|PIB_nominal_año = [[2019]]
|PIB_nominal_puesto = 43
|PIB_nominal_per_cápita = [[Dólar estadounidense|USD]] 7 361<ref>{{cita web |año = 2019 |url = http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=34&pr.y=10&sy=2019&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C946%2C914%2C137%2C612%2C546%2C614%2C962%2C311%2C674%2C213%2C676%2C911%2C548%2C193%2C556%2C122%2C678%2C912%2C181%2C313%2C867%2C419%2C682%2C513%2C684%2C316%2C273%2C913%2C868%2C124%2C921%2C339%2C948%2C638%2C943%2C514%2C686%2C218%2C688%2C963%2C518%2C616%2C728%2C223%2C836%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C359%2C960%2C453%2C423%2C968%2C935%2C922%2C128%2C714%2C611%2C862%2C321%2C135%2C243%2C716%2C248%2C456%2C469%2C722%2C253%2C942%2C642%2C718%2C643%2C724%2C939%2C576%2C644%2C936%2C819%2C961%2C172%2C813%2C132%2C726%2C646%2C199%2C648%2C733%2C915%2C184%2C134%2C524%2C652%2C361%2C174%2C362%2C328%2C364%2C258%2C732%2C656%2C366%2C654%2C734%2C336%2C144%2C263%2C146%2C268%2C463%2C532%2C528%2C944%2C923%2C176%2C738%2C534%2C578%2C536%2C537%2C429%2C742%2C433%2C866%2C178%2C369%2C436%2C744%2C136%2C186%2C343%2C925%2C158%2C869%2C439%2C746%2C916%2C926%2C664%2C466%2C826%2C112%2C542%2C111%2C967%2C298%2C443%2C927%2C917%2C846%2C544%2C299%2C941%2C582%2C446%2C474%2C666%2C754%2C668%2C698%2C672&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a= |título = Peru: Gross domestic product per capita, current prices (U.S. dollars) |editor = Fondo Monetario Internacional |idioma = inglés |fechaacceso = 18 de febrero de 2019}}</ref>
|PIB = [[Dólar estadounidense|USD]] 487&nbsp;417 millones.<ref name="pib">{{cita web |año = 2019 |url = https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2019&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=77&pr1.y=13&c=512%2C946%2C914%2C137%2C612%2C546%2C614%2C962%2C311%2C674%2C213%2C676%2C911%2C548%2C193%2C556%2C122%2C678%2C912%2C181%2C313%2C867%2C419%2C682%2C513%2C684%2C316%2C273%2C913%2C868%2C124%2C921%2C339%2C948%2C638%2C943%2C514%2C686%2C218%2C688%2C963%2C518%2C616%2C728%2C223%2C836%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C359%2C960%2C453%2C423%2C968%2C935%2C922%2C128%2C714%2C611%2C862%2C321%2C135%2C243%2C716%2C248%2C456%2C469%2C722%2C253%2C942%2C642%2C718%2C643%2C724%2C939%2C576%2C644%2C936%2C819%2C961%2C172%2C813%2C132%2C726%2C646%2C199%2C648%2C733%2C915%2C184%2C134%2C524%2C652%2C361%2C174%2C362%2C328%2C364%2C258%2C732%2C656%2C366%2C654%2C734%2C336%2C144%2C263%2C146%2C268%2C463%2C532%2C528%2C944%2C923%2C176%2C738%2C534%2C578%2C536%2C537%2C429%2C742%2C433%2C866%2C178%2C369%2C436%2C744%2C136%2C186%2C343%2C925%2C158%2C869%2C439%2C746%2C916%2C926%2C664%2C466%2C826%2C112%2C542%2C111%2C967%2C298%2C443%2C927%2C917%2C846%2C544%2C299%2C941%2C582%2C446%2C474%2C666%2C754%2C668%2C698%2C672&s=PPPGDP&grp=0&a= |título = Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) valuation of country GDP |editor = [[Fondo Monetario Internacional]] |idioma = inglés |fechaacceso = 18 de febrero de 2019}}</ref>
|PIB_año = [[2019]]
|PIB_puesto = 39
|PIB_per_cápita = [[Dólar estadounidense|USD]] 14&nbsp;999<ref name="per cápita">{{cita web |año = 2019 |url = http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=43&pr.y=5&sy=2019&ey=2019&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C672%2C914%2C946%2C612%2C137%2C614%2C546%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C836%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C624%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C565%2C924%2C283%2C233%2C853%2C632%2C288%2C636%2C293%2C634%2C566%2C238%2C964%2C662%2C182%2C960%2C359%2C423%2C453%2C935%2C968%2C128%2C922%2C611%2C714%2C321%2C862%2C243%2C135%2C248%2C716%2C469%2C456%2C253%2C722%2C642%2C942%2C643%2C718%2C939%2C724%2C644%2C576%2C819%2C936%2C172%2C961%2C132%2C813%2C646%2C199%2C648%2C733%2C915%2C184%2C134%2C524%2C652%2C361%2C174%2C362%2C328%2C364%2C258%2C732%2C656%2C366%2C654%2C734%2C336%2C144%2C263%2C146%2C268%2C463%2C532%2C528%2C944%2C923%2C176%2C738%2C534%2C578%2C536%2C537%2C429%2C742%2C433%2C866%2C178%2C369%2C436%2C744%2C136%2C186%2C343%2C925%2C158%2C869%2C439%2C746%2C916%2C926%2C664%2C466%2C826%2C112%2C542%2C111%2C967%2C298%2C443%2C927%2C917%2C846%2C544%2C299%2C941%2C582%2C446%2C474%2C666%2C754%2C668%2C698&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a= |título = Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita GDP |editor = [[Fondo Monetario Internacional]] |idioma = inglés |fechaacceso = 18 de febrero de 2019}}</ref>
| IDH = 0.750<ref name="idh">{{cite_web |year = 2018 |url = http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update.pdf |title = Human Development Indices and Indicators 2018 Statistical Update |editor = [[Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo]] |page = 23 |format = [[PDF]] |language = inglés |accessdate = 15 de septiembre de 2018}}</ref>
| IDH_año = 2018
| IDH_puesto = 89
| IDH_categoría = {{Ingreso|ingreso=pani}}
| tomīn = [[Sol]] (S/.) (<code>[[ISO 4217|PEN]]</code>)
| tlācatōcāitl = Perutlācatl, -tlācah<br/>Pelōntlācatl, -tlācah
| horario = [[UTC-5]]
| horario_verano = 
| cctld = [[.pe]]
| código_telefónico = 51
| prefijo_radiofónico = <code>OAA-OCZ</code> <code>4TA-4TZ</code>
| matrícula_avión = <code>OB</code>, <code>UL</code>
| matrícula_coche = <code>PE</code>
| nenecuilhuāztli_ISO = 604 / PER / PE
| miembro_de = [[Iberoixachitēcatl Tlahtohcāyōtl īnTlaolōlōliz ītechpa in Izcāyaliztli in Tlācatiyān Āmoxcalli Iberoixachitlān|ABINIA]], [[Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados|ACNUR]], [[Asociación Internacional de Fomento|AIF]], [[Banco Asiático de Inversión en Infraestructura|AIIB]], [[Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración|ALADI]], [[Alianza del Pacífico]], [[Foro de Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacífico|APEC]], [[Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo|BID]], [[Banco Internacional de Reconstrucción y Fomento|BIRD]], [[Banco de Pagos Internacionales|BPI]], [[CAF-Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina|CAF]], [[Comunidad Andina|CAN]], [[Conferencia de desarme|CD]], [[Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños|CELAC]], [[Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe|CEPAL]], [[Corporación Financiera Internacional|CFI]], [[Cruz Roja|CICR]], [[Cumbre Iberoamericana|CIN]], [[Centro Latinoamericano de Administración para el Desarrollo|CLAD]], [[Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo|CNUCYD]], [[Comité Olímpico Internacional|COI]], [[Corte Permanente de Arbitraje|CPA]], [[Corte Penal Internacional|CPI]], [[Confederación Sindical Internacional|CSI]], [[Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura|FAO]], [[Federación Internacional de Sociedades de la Cruz Roja y de la Media Luna Roja|FICR]], [[Fondo Internacional de Desarrollo Agrícola|FIDA]], [[FIFA]], [[Fondo Latinoamericano de Reservas|FLAR]], [[Fondo Monetario Internacional|FMI]], [[Federación Sindical Mundial|FSM]], [[Grupo de los 15|G-15]], [[G20 (Países en desarrollo)|G-20]], [[G24|G-24]], [[Grupo de los 77|G-77]], [[Grupo de Lima]], [[Grupo de Río]], [[:en:Inter-American Defense Board|IADB]], [[Cámara de Comercio Internacional|ICC]], [[:en:International Mobile Satellite Organization|IMSO]], [[Interpol]], [[:en:International Telecommunications Satellite Organization|ITSO]], [[Junta Interamericana de Defensa|JID]], [[Mercosur]], [[Movimiento de Países No Alineados|MPNA]], [[Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional|OACI]], [[Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica|OTCA]], [[Organización de los Estados Americanos|OEA]], [[Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura|OEI]], [[Organización Hidrográfica Internacional|OHI]], [[Organismo Internacional de Energía Atómica|OIEA]], [[Organización Internacional para las Migraciones|OIM]], [[Organización Internacional de Normalización|OIN]], [[Organización Internacional del Trabajo|OIT]], [[Organización Latinoamericana de Energía|OLADE]], [[Organización Mundial de Aduanas|OMA]], [[Organización Mundial del Comercio|OMC]], [[Organismo Multilateral de Garantía de Inversiones|OMGI]], [[Organización Marítima Internacional|OMI]], [[Organización Meteorológica Mundial|OMM]], [[Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual|OMPI]], [[Organización Mundial de la Salud|OMS]], [[Organización Mundial del Turismo|OMT]], [[Organización de las Naciones Unidas|ONU]], [[Organización de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo Industrial|ONUDI]], [[:en:OPANAL|OPANAL]], [[Organización para la Prohibición de las Armas Químicas|OPAQ]], [[Organización de Telecomunicaciones de Iberoamérica|OTI]], [[:en:European Union Association Agreement|PCA]], [[Sistema Económico Latinoamericano y del Caribe|SELA]], [[Tratado Interamericano de Asistencia Recíproca|TIAR]], [[Acuerdo Transpacífico de Cooperación Económica|TPP]], [[Unión Interparlamentaria|UIP]], [[Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones|UIT]], [[Unasur]], [[Unesco]], [[Unión Latina]], [[Unión Postal Universal|UPU]].
| tlahtōlcaquiliztilōni1 = Ōcatca ''Pelōntlācatlahtohcāyōtl'' īxquichca [[1979]].
| tlahtōlcaquiliztilōni2 = In caxtillāntlahtōlli āchcauh mochi in tlālpan īhuān in occēquintin tlahtōlli zaniyoh tēpanahuihcān.
| tlahtōlcaquiliztilōni3 = Tlahtōllōtl tēcuacān: [[Cuzco]].
}}

In '''Peru'''<ref>Chimalpahin Cuauhtlehuanitzin yeh oquihcuilo ''Peru'', ''Perù'', ''Perũ'', ''Pirù'' no huan ''Pirũ'' ipan ''Annals of his Time''.</ref> ([[caxtillahtolli]]: ''Perú'' {{IPA|peˈɾu}}; [[quechuatlahtolli]]: ''Piruw'' {{IPA|pʰɪɾʊw}}; In perutepacholiztli quitenehua ''Perú'' quechuatlahtoltica, [[aimaratlahtōlli]] ''Piruw'' {{IPA|pɪɾʊw}}), īāchcauhtōcā '''Tlācatlahtohcāyōtl in Peru''' ({{es2}} {{Audio-IPA|ES-pe - República del Perú.ogg|''República del Perú''}}), huehcapan tlācatiyān tlatēctli in cihuātlāmpa [[Ixachitlān Huitztlāmpa]]. Mātēnoa īca in[[Pacifico Ilhuicaātl]] in cihuātlāmpa īhuān cuāxōchnāmiqui in mictlāmpa īca [[Ecuador]] īhuān [[Colombia]], in tlāpcopa īca [[Brasil]] īhuān in huitztlāntlāpcopa īca [[Bolivia]] īhuān [[Chile]]. Ītlāl quichihuah in tlahuelmayān, huehcapanixtlāhuatl īhuān in Andes huehcapan tepētlacpayōtl tlatēctli motiticanah cihuātlāmpa in [[Peru huēyātēnco tlālcāhualpan|huēyātēnco tlālcāhualpan]] īhuān tlāpcopa in [[Amazonia]]. Ca cē [[huēyinepapan tlācatiyān]] īhuān quipiya huēyi necuiltōnōlli [[ōztōcāyōtl]] in cemānāhuac.<ref>{{cita web |url = http://www.sernanp.gob.pe/documents/10181/88081/Marco_Teorico+congreso.pdf/dfb8c771-ee3a-49b2-810a-a73cffd4bf8c |título = Perú: País Megadiverso |editor = Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas |página = 1 |formato = [[PDF]] |fechaacceso = 17 de diciembre de 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cita web |url = https://www.minag.gob.pe/portal/41-sector-agrario/recursos-naturales/317-recurso-mineral |título = Recurso Mineral |editor = [[Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (Perú)|Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego del Perú]] |fechaacceso = 21 de febrero de 2012}}</ref>

In Huehcāuh Peru ōmochīhqueh miec āltepētīliztli īxquichca in [[Caralyōtl|Caral-Supe]] īpan 3200 y. C.<ref>{{Harvsp|Shady Solís|2003}}</ref> In Incatlahtohcāyōtl ōtlatzacuih nicān tlācah īntlahtohcāyo cihuatlāmpa un Huitztlānixachitlān in mācuilpōhualxiuhcopahuīc XV. In tlatocani mācuilpōhualxihuitl, ōmochīuh in ītlālpolōliz in Incatlahtohcāyōtl. Quin in tlālli ōmocuēp īpan [[tlahtohcātēīxiptlahyōtl]] īpan in [[Caxtiltēcatl Emperadoryōtl]], ōmotlīlih in tlatlāllāntataquiliztica in iztāc īhuān cōztic tētōcuitlatl auh ōquintlachīhuallaneh in nicān tlācah īhuān tlīltiqueh tlātlācohtin in ōztōtatacacpan īhuān in tlatquihuahcān. In [[Borbonyōtl tlapahpatlaliztli]] in mācuilpōhualxiuhpan XVIII ōquichīuh miec neahcomanaliztli in tēpoloani tēpachohhuic, in āquin huēyi tēīxiptlahtiliztli ōcatca in [[Túpac Amaru II īahtētlācamachiliz]].<ref name="rtaii">{{cita web |apellido = Fowks |nombre = Jacqueline |año = 2015 |url = https://elpais.com/internacional/2015/08/05/actualidad/1438736730_058084.html |título = “La rebelión de Tupác Amaru II cambió España” |editor = [[El País]] |fechaacceso = 9 de marzo de 2016}}</ref>

Īca in Caxtillān motlacuilīztli īhuān in [[Caxtillān nāhuatīllālīliztli īpan 1821|nāhuatīllālīliztli īpan 1821]], ōmotitican in tlanemiliztli in āltepētl monahuātīliztli in caxtiltēcatl Ixachitlān. Ōmotēnquīxtīa in tlācaxoxouhcāyōtl īpan [[1821]], īhuān ōquichīuh īpan in [[Ayacucho nehcaliliztli]] in ōiuh ēxihuitl.<ref>{{cita web |apellido = Olano Alor |nombre = Aldo |url = http://www.banrepcultural.org/biblioteca-virtual/credencial-historia/numero-246/la-independencia-del-peru |título = La independencia del Perú |editor = Banco de la República |fechaacceso = 18 de junio de 2013}}</ref> In tlācatiyān ōcatca necuitlacuepalizpan īhuān in [[yāōtēmanaliztli]] īxquichca in necuiltōnoliztli īhuān in [[Īpan Cuitlatl]] ītlatemohuīliz, ōtlan achi in ayamo in [[Pacifico Yāōyōtl]]. In quin in [[Tlācatiyān Occēpa Tlachīhualiztli|yāōyōtl]], ōmotlālih [[Tēcpiltēpachōliztli Tlācatlahtōhcāyōtl|achitēpachōliztli āltepēhuahcāyōtl]] in ōnen īxquichca in [[Leguía īmahtlāconcēxiuh|Mahtlāctli oncēxihuitl]] ītlamiliz. In tlatoquilih tlācatēpachōliztli oquincotōnqueh miec [[tlahtohcāyōtl tlatzotzonaliztli]].<ref>{{cita web |año = 2015 |url = http://archivo.globovision.com/latinoamerica-y-los-golpes-de-estado/ |título = Latinoamérica y los golpes de Estado |editor = [[Globovisión]] |fechaacceso = 21 de abril de 2016}}</ref>

==Tlaltocayotl==
Inin tlacatiyan tlapiya quechuatlahtolli, in tocayotl ic hueytlahtoani tlein ochantiaya ipan [[Panama]] huan oquipololo hueyātl canah Chile notocayotia '''Piruw''' nozo '''Biruw'''. Nahuatlahtoltica huehcauh camanalli '''Pelon'''<ref>James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder huan Doris Namala oquiteneuh in tlein manel Chimalpahin cuecuel oquihcuilohqueh ''Peru'' machiyotica ipan in ''u'', ye ahmo quitenehua yacayotl tozquinehnehuiliztli, mānel miec nāhuatlācah ōquihcuilohqueh ''pelon''.</ref><ref> Francisco Hernández. ōquihcuiloh ''Pelon'' īpan in tlahtōlli ''Pelon Mexixquilitl'', ''Pelon Chilli'', īhuān ''Pelon ichcatl oqvichtli'' īpan ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus''</ref>

==Tlalticpacmatiliztli==
[[Īxiptli:Peru Topography.png|thumb|200px|left|Peru īcemānāhuacāyō.]]

Īhuēyitlālpan īxtli cah 1,959,248 km² īhuān tlālhuāctlīxtli 5,127 km². Īānāhua tlatlamachiyōtiāni 11,122 km. Ca miaquīn tlālhuāctli. Cuāxōchtia canahpa ayamictlāmpa īca [[Andes Tepetlah]], canahpa huiztlāmpa nō [[Andes Tepetlah]]co, canahpa īquizāyampa nō [[Amazonas cuauhtlah]], īhuān canahpa īcalaquitlāmpa nō [[Ilhuicaātl Pacífico]].

Peru cemictica cuaxotia mictlampa ica Ecuador ihuan Colombia, In Atoyatl Amazonas pano ipan hueyixtlahuac cuauhtlacamac canahpa Colombia, [[Brasil]] huan [[Bolivia]] ce tlalli cenca azoquiyotic ca. In ompa cuaxtia huitztlampa no Chile ihuan Bolivia ipampa Andes Tepetlahco.

===Tepeliztli===
Quipia nahui regiones naturales quemeh Andes tepetlah huitztlampa canahpa Mictampa itzatlan Chile, Bolivia īhuān Ecuador; noyuhqui ihuehcapan altitud in cah in Cepayauhtic [[Huascarán]] ica 6,600 m. in hueyic tepetl ocachi ahco ipan Peru. Occe yoliztlalpan noyuhqui nicān tlalli in ahco pani ixtlahuatl hasta in atoyatl Amazonas in ompa tlapcopampa, in Tepetlah [[Andes]] iquiziyampa tlen nemi ihuic [[Océano Pacífico]].

In teeliztli ocachi hueyic ipan Peru quitoznequi [[Aconcagua]], nelihuehcapanca ompa in tepehuahcan moihtoa ''Cordillera de los Andes'' ica de altitud 6960,8 m s. n. m. tliltetl ocachi hueyic ipan America. Occequin tepetl cateh Pissis (6882 m s. n. m.) ipan La Rioja, in Ojos del Salado (6864 m s. n. m.) ipan Catamarca, in tepetl Bonete Chico (6850 m s. n. m.) ipan La Rioja, in cerro Tupungato (6800 m s. n. m.) ipan Mendoza, in cerro Mercedario (6770 m s. n. m.) ipan San Juan. Los Andes ca ompa Neuquén, in tletepetl Lanín (3776 m s. n. m.) ipan Neuquén, in tepetl Tronador (3478 m s. n. m.) ipan Río Negro huan in tepetl Fitz Roy nozo Chaltén (3405 m s. n. m.) ipan Santa Cruz; cempohualli tepetl ochachi hueyic ompa Patagonia.

===Yeyantli===
Nican tlalli quipia yei yeyantli, in ompa [[Ilhuicaātl Pacífico]] seco ihuan deserticom, tlalnepantlah cenca tepetlaltic ihuan iquiziyampa cenca cuauhtlamacac in Amazonia.

Nican yeyantli ahmoneuhqui ipan mochi Peru, inon tlacatiyan ica tepetic, huacqui yeyantli ica miac hueyi [[tepetl]], in xopantlan ahmo quiyahuitl ica ixachi tonayoh īpan ahco totonilmachioyotl<ref>Quihtōznequi ''temperatura''</ref>. Nicān mictlāmpa ixachi xoxoctic ihuan tepeyoh ica chicahuac ehecatl ihuicpa Ilhuicaātl Pacífico quemeh tlahtocayoh cuauhtlah ''In Andes'' in ompa [[Caxamarca]], [[Ancax]] ihuān [[Cuzco]]. Nochipa tepetlampa quipia miac [[cuauhtlah]] cepayauhtic. In caxtiltencalixcuatl ica [[Bolivia]] īhuān [[Chile]] In tepetlah Andes ca in Pani Ixtlahuatl, cē yeyantli cenca tepeyohtic in yuh Sierra de Costera, Sierra Central ihuan Amazonia, tlen atlacomolli quipia ixachi ātl en forma de atemoctli ihuan atoyātl īpan tlani temperatura. Quiyauhtlah yeyantli ōmpa atentli [[Ucayali]] īhuān atentli [[Loreto]].

Īpan nō tlahcopampa zacatlah īca ehecahuacqui, Peru nican quipia ixtlahuatl īhuān tepetzintli pani atlacomolco itech Lima. In [[huaccaixtlahuatl]]<ref>Quihtōznequi ''desierto''</ref>. nican tlacatiyan [[Ica]] īhuān tlalhuactli [[Chimbote]] cah, quemeh tlahtohcayoh ayollohco Paracas itech Corriente de Humboldt in ōmpa Ilhuicaātl Pacífico.

===Yoliztli===
Nō xiquitta totomeh quemeh [[cōzcacuāuhtli]], [[alo]] ahnozo yōlcah [[Pelōn ichcatl]], [[alpaca]], [[huanaco]], [[tozantōchtli]], [[ocēlōtl]], [[āmiztli]] [[māpachtlācamāyeh]], [[māpachtli]], [[miztli]] īhuān occequīntīn.

<div align=center>
<!-- galería de mapas -->
{| class="toc" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=2 width=800px style="float:center; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5e 
|colspan=8 style="background:#green; color:white; font-size:100%" align=center bgcolor="green"|'''Yeliztli ītechcopa Peru'''
|-
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Condor flying over the Colca canyon in Peru.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Osoandino.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Lama3.jpg|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Sealion052006.JPG|125px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Tunki Tanpupata.jpg|125px]]
|-
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Huēyi cōzcacuāuhtli]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[māpachtlācamāyeh]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Pelōn ichcatl]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[āmiztli]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Tunquitōtōtl]]
|-
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Silver Maple Acer saccharinum Leaves 2598px.jpg|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Figa de moro 01.JPG|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Kantutas Cuzco.jpg|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Cylindropuntia spinosior, with flower, Albuquerque.jpg|120px]]
|align=center valign=center bgcolor="white"|[[Īxiptli:Pinus ponderosa 9681.JPG|120px]]
|-
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Acer saccharinum]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Opuntia ficus-indica]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Cantua buxifolia]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Cylindropuntia imbricata]]
|style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|[[Pinus ponderosa]]
|-
|}
</div>

==Huehcapatlahtoliztli==
[[Īxiptli:80 - Machu Picchu - Juin 2009 - edit.jpg|thumb|left|[[Machu Picchu]].]]

Huehuēcauh tlamantli nicān Peru īca tlācayotica 65,000 xihuitl īcuitlapan cenca cāhuitl zātēpan in tlācah ōpanoh ītech Bering tlālcamatl canahpa [[Ixachitlān Mictlāmpa]] zanno [[Ixachitlān Huitztlāmpa]]. Nicān ōnamiquih tlācatl Piccaicasa ihtic techcopa oztotl Piquimachay, īpan āxcān tlahtōcāltepētl Ayacucho.

In ''arqueología'' machtiliztli quihto ītech yanno inic cē chīhualtlācayōtl īpan Peru, quemeh caraltēcatl, nazcatl, mochicatl, chimucatl, paracatēcatl, chavincatl, huari tepitzin āltepētl īhuān occequīntīn tlahtohcāyōtl quemeh Tihuanahco, Chincha, Lima, īhuān Cuizmanco tlein ōquipolōlō īpampa Inca huēyitlahtohcāyōtl.

Chīhualtlācayōtl Huari ōtlachīhualoc cē tezcatl ihtic huēyitlahtohcāyōtl incatēcatl quenin ōacicoh canahpa āxcān [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]], [[Bolivia]] īhuān [[Chile]], inīn chīhuatlācayōtl cinpixcayōtl, Pelōn ichcapixcayōtl īhuān calpōllālpixcayōtl. Achtotipan īcaxtiltlapolōlōliz in [[Mahtlācpōhualxihuitl 16]], [[Cuzco]] ītēcuacān. In cahuēyitlahtohcāyōtl catca, Peru in yōllōtl īhuīcpa Andes tepētlān. Oncān quipiya āltepēhuecauh quemeh [[Machu Picchu]].

In [[1821]] xiuhpan, Peru quipiya īcelcatiyo īhuīcpa [[Caxtillān]] īcan huēyitlahtohcāyōtl Yancuīc Granada motōcāyotia īpampa caxtiltēcah īca [[Lima]] ītēcuacān.

==Teyacanaliztli==
Occepa otlatlani Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana ([[APRA]]) nicpampa tlahtocateixiptla [[Alan García]] ixpan ipochcayaotl [[Ollanta Humala]] ihicpa Partido Nacionalista nican in Peru.

=== Peru īxeliuhca === <!--División política-->
In Tlahtohcāyōtl Peru piya 25 tlahtohcāyōtl īhuān cē Tlahtōlōyān Calpōlli.

<!-- Tabla de las Regiones -->
<div align=center>
{| class="toc" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=2 width=500px style="float:center; margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5e text-align:left;clear:all; margin-left:3px; font-size:90%"
|colspan=4 style="background:#black; color:white;" align=center bgcolor="black"|'''Peru īxeliuhca'''
|- 
|colspan=4 align=center|[[Īxiptli:Perú · (lliw).png|center|300px]]
|- 
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Tlālxeliuhcāyōtl'''
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Chānehqueh (2005)'''
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Tlaīxpayōtl (km²)'''
| style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center | '''Tēcuacān''' 
|- bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|'''Tlācatlahtohcāyōtl Peru'''  
| align="right" |'''44 108 530''' 
| align="right" |'''504 645''' 
| '''[[Lima]]'''
|-
|1. [[Amazonas (Peru)|Amazonas]]
| align="right"| 8 202 220 
| align="right"| 87 268
| [[Chachapoyas]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|2. [[Ancax]] 
| align="right" | 1 326 918
| align="right" | 47 179
| [[Huaraz]]
|-
|3. [[Apurimac]] 
| align="right" | 1 080 138 
| align="right" | 10 603
| [[Abancay]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|4. [[Arequipa (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Arequipa]]
| align="right" | 1 071 221 
| align="right" | 4 992 
| [[Arequipa]]
|-
|5. [[Ayacucho (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Ayacucho]] 
| align="right" | 2 075 968
| align="right" | 7 447 
| [[Ayacucho]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|6. [[Caxamarca (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Caxamarca]] 
| align="right" | 582 138 
| align="right" | 5 221 
| [[Caxamarca]]
|-
|7. [[Cuzco (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Cuzco]] 
| align="right" | 7 364 078
| align="right" | 32 114 
| [[Cuzco]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|8. [[Huancavelica (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Huancavelica]] 
| align="right" | 2 553 301
| align="right" | 94 223 
| [[Huancavelica]]
|-
|9. [[Huanuco (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Huanuco]]
| align="right" | 2 043 100 
| align="right" | 79 463 
| [[Huanuco]] 
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|10. [[Ica (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Ica]] 
| align="right" | 2 783 100
| align="right" | 29 574 
| [[Ica]]
|-
|11. [[Junín]]
| align="right" | 1 097 744 
| align="right" | 41 634
| [[Huancayo]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|12. [[La Libertad]]
| align="right" | 317 501
| align="right" | 5 045
| [[Trujillo (Peru)|Trujillo]]
|-
|13. [[Lambayeque]]
| align="right" | 6 271 638
| align="right" | 8 021
| [[Chiclayo]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|14. [[Lima (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Lima]]
| align="right" | 1 426 109
| align="right" | 11 313
| [[Lima]]
|-
|15. [[Loreto (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Loreto]] 
| align="right" | 619 114
| align="right" | 10 391 
| [[Iquitos]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|16. [[Madre de Dios (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Madre de Dios]]
| align="right" | 5 029 601 
| align="right" | 23 255 
| [[Puerto Maldonado]]
|-
|17. [[Moquegua (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Moquegua]]
| align="right" | 2 155 546 
| align="right" | 7 234 
| [[Moquegua]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|18. [[Pasco]] 
| align="right" | 78 320 
| align="right" | 19 
| [[Cerro de Pasco]]
|-
|19. [[Piura (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Piura]] 
| align="right" | 71 339
| align="right" | 12
| [[Piura]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|20. [[Puno (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Puno]] 
| align="right" | 78 320 
| align="right" | 19 
| [[Puno]]
|-
|21. [[San Martín (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|San Martín]] 
| align="right" | 71 339
| align="right" | 12
| [[Moyobamba]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|22. [[Tacna (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Tacna]] 
| align="right" | 78 320 
| align="right" | 19 
| [[Tacna]]
|-
|23. [[Tumbes (tlālxeliuhcāyōtl)|Tumbes]] 
| align="right" | 71 339
| align="right" | 12
| [[Tumbes]]
|-bgcolor="#f0f0f0"
|24. [[Ucayali]] 
| align="right" | 78 320 
| align="right" | 19 
| [[Pucallpa]]
|-
|}</div>

== Tequiyōtl ==
Peru cē tequiyōtl īpan Ixachitlān ītech temocpan ihuan itomin Sol (Tonatiuh). Perutecatl tequiyōtl tequipanoa īhuīc tlaquixtilli tlalpixcayotl īca inic cē ichcapixcayotl ipan [[Andes Tepetlah]], nōiuhqui inic ōme tequipanolli piya cē ācalquīxōhuayān ītequipanoliz in ōmpa [[Callao]].

Occequīntīn perutecah huēyi tequipanolli in tlalpixcayōtl īhuīpan [[cafecacahuatl]] (inic ome hueyicauh ipan [[tlalticpactli]]), [[tzapalolli]], [[tzopelacatl]], [[cintli]], [[ācintli]], [[camohtli]], [[limaxocotl]], [[ichcatl]], nōhuān pitzopixcayōtl, cahuayōhpixcayōtl, cuacuahuehpixcayōtl, ichcapixcayotl, pipiyolpixcayōtl, īnōmpan coyonimatiliztli tlaquixtilli [[teconalli]], [[cōztic teōcuitlatl]], [[tlīltepoztli]], [[amochitl]], [[temētztli]], [[Iztāctepoztli]], [[platino]], ihuan [[chālchihuitl]].

==Chānehmatiliztli== <!--Demografía-->
Īca 28 220 764 ([[2007]] tlapōhualiztli), Peru ce tlācatiyān icampa miyac chanequeh ipan Ixachitlan Huitztlampa.

==Tequinemiliztli==
Cah huēyi cuīcatl "[[Yaw Kuntur]]". 

<gallery class="center" widths="150">
Image:Peruvian Artwork Calabas.jpg
Image:Escudo Inca Garcilaso.jpg|[[Inka Garcilaso de la Vega]]
Image:SeñordelosMilagrosNazarenas.jpg|Yeshua Christós "Señor de los Milagros"
Image:Marinera Norteña.jpg|''Marinera norteña''
Image:Trajesdeluces207.jpg|Diablada ipan [[Puno]].
Image:Ceviche.png|''Ceviche''
Image:Colca souvenirs.jpg|[[Qullqa Qhichwa]], ([[Arequipa]], [[Peru]])
Image:Chan chan wall1.jpg|Tzacualco [[Chan Chan]] ([[Peru]])
Image:Ayakuchu qhatuq warmi.jpg|Tiyanquiztli ipan Ayacucho ica ce macehualcihuatl.
</gallery>

== No xiquitta ==
* [[America Huitztlampa]]
* [[America]]

== Toquiliztequitl ==
<references/>

== Occequin necuazaloliztli ==
{{wiktionary|Peru}}

{{Ancayotl
| Noroeste   = [[Ailhuicatl Pacífico]]
| Norte      = {{ECU}}
| Noreste    = {{COL}} / {{BRA}}
| Oeste      = [[Ailhuicatl Pacífico]]
| Centro     = Peru
| Este       = {{BRA}}
| Suroeste   = [[Ailhuicatl Pacífico]]
| Sur        = {{CHL}} 
| Sureste    = {{BOL}}
}}

[[Neneuhcāyōtl:Hueyac tlahcuilolli]]⏎
[[Neneuhcāyōtl:Peru| ]]