Difference between revisions 429089 and 589102 on scowiki

{{Infobox settlement
|name                   = {{raise|0.2em|Nanning}}
|official_name          = {{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|南宁市}} · Namzningz Si}}}}
|native_name            = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|南宁}}}} · Namzningz}}
|settlement_type        = [[Prefectur-level ceety]]<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|image_skyline          = nanning skyline 2008.JPG
|image_caption          = Nanning Skyline
|image_map              = Guangxi subdivisions - Nanning.svg
|mapsize                = 
|map_caption            = Location o Nanning Ceety jurisdiction in Guangxi
|pushpin_map            = China
|pushpin_label_position = 
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Cheenae
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|subdivision_type       = Kintra
|subdivision_name       = [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Autonomous regions o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|Region]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Guangxi]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Coonty-level diveesion|Coonty-level<br>diveesions]]
|subdivision_name2      =
|subdivision_type3      = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae#Tounship level|Tounship<br>diveesions]]
|subdivision_name3      =
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_name            =
|leader_title1          =
|leader_name1           =
|established_title      =
|established_date       =
|established_title2     =  <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
|established_date2      =
|established_title3     =  <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
|established_date3      =
|area_magnitude         =
|unit_pref                = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|area_footnotes           = <!-- ([[List of China administrative regions by area|ranked 29th]]) -->
|area_total_km2           = 22189
|area_land_km2            = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
|area_urban_km2           = 6559
|area_metro_km2           = 5264
|population_as_of               =2010 census
|population_footnotes           =
|population_note                =
|population_total               =6661600
|population_density_km2         =auto
|population_metro               =2480340
|population_density_metro_km2   =auto
|population_urban               =2875220
|population_density_urban_km2   =auto
|population_blank1_title        =<!-- Mun. Density rank -->
|population_blank1              =<!-- ([[List of China administrative regions by population density|4th]]) -->
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_blank2_title =
|population_blank2=
|timezone               = [[Cheenae Staundart Time|Cheenae Staundart]]
|utc_offset             = +8
|coordinates_region     = CN-45
|coordinates_display    = inline, title
|latd=  22 |latm= 49 |latNS=N
|longd=108 |longm=19 |longEW=E
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            =
|postal_code_type       =[[Postal code o Cheenae|Postal code]]
|postal_code            =530000
|area_code              =[[Telephone nummers in Cheenae|0771]]
|blank_name             =[[License Plate (Cheenae)|License plate prefixes]]
|blank_info             ={{lang|zh-cn|桂}}A
|blank1_name            =
|blank1_info            =
|blank2_name            =
|blank2_info            =
|website                = {{URL|nanning.gov.cn}}
|footnotes              =
}}
{{Chinese
|t=南寧
|s=南宁
|p=Nánníng
|l=peace in the sooth
|zha=Namzningz
|poj=Lâm-lêng
|j=naam<sup>4</sup>ning<sup>4</sup>
|order = st }}

'''Nanning''' ({{zh|s=南宁 |t=南寧}}, [[Staundart Zhuang|Zhuang]]: ''Namzningz'', meanin 'Sooth Tranquility') is the caipital o the [[Guangxi]] Zhuang Autonomous Region in [[Sooth Central Cheenae|soothren Cheenae]]. It is kent as the "Green Ceety" acause o its abundance o lush [[tropical]] [[foliage]].

==History==
A coonty seat cried ''Jinxing'' wis first established at the steid in AD 318. This acame the admeenistrative seat o a [[Commandery (Cheenae)|commandery]]. Nanning wis ance the territory o the [[Baiyue]] fowk an acame the caipital o Jinxing Prefectur which wis separatit frae Yulin Prefectur o the [[Jin Dynasty (265-420)|Eastren Jin Dynasty]].

In 589 the Jinxing commandery wis dissolved, an the coonty wis renamed ''Xuanhua''. Unner the [[Tang dynasty]] (618–907) the prefectur o Yong (邕州''Yongzhou'') wis established theare; it wis garrisoned tae control the non-Cheenese destricts in [[Guangxi]] an on the [[Yunnan]]–[[Guizhou]] provincial border. In the mid-9t century the Tang an the Yunnan state o [[Kinrick o Nanzhao|Nanzhao]] foucht ower it, an efter 861 it wis briefly occupied bi Nanzhao. It remained a frontier prefectur throughout the [[Song dynasty]] (960–1279), bein the scene o a rebellion led bi [[Nong Zhigao]] in 1052 an thereafter a [[garrison]] toun.

In the [[Yuan Dynasty]] in 1324, it wis renamed Nanning Lu (an admeenistrative diveesion) o Yongzhou Lu meanin "Mey peace maintain in the soothren frontier", hence the name ''Nanning''. Historically, Nanning wis famous for trade, an haed permanent business offices frae ither auries in Cheenae syne the [[Song Dynasty]].

Unner the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] (1368–1644) an [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] (1644–1911) dynasties, it wis a superior prefectur. In the [[Ming Dynasty]] Nanning developed intae the commodity distributin centere o the Zuo River an the You River wi the reputation o "Little Nanjing".

Opened tae foreign trade bi the Cheenese in 1907, Nanning grew rapidly. Frae 1912 tae 1936 it wis the provincial caipital o Guangxi, replacin [[Guilin]].

Early in the 20t century the ceety spilled ower frae the auld walled ceety intae a soothren suburban aurie. In the 1930s Nanning acame the centre o a "model provincial govrenment" unner the warlaird [[Li Zongren]], an a spacious modren ceety wis laid oot. Durin the [[Seicont Sino-Japanese War]] (1937–45), Nanning wis temporarily occupied in 1940 bi the [[Japan]]ese. It subsequently acame an important [[Unitit States|U.S.]] [[air base]] supportin the Cheenese armies in Guangxi, but durin 1944–45 it wis again unner Japanese occupation.

In 1949 Nanning again acame the provincial caipital, first o Guangxi [[Province (Cheenae)|province]] an then (1958) o the renamed Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Till then Nanning haed essentially been a commercial centere dependent on [[Guangzhou]] an on the [[Xi River]] seestem. In the late 1930s a railwaey wis begun, jynin Hengyang in soothren [[Hunan]] province wi [[Guilin]], [[Liuzhou]], Nanning, an the [[Vietnam]] border, while anither wis begun frae Liuzhou tae [[Guiyang]] in [[Guizhou]]. The construction o the Nanning section o this line wis haltit in 1940 bi the Japanese advances, howeuiver, an wis nae completit till 1951, efter which Nanning wis directly linked wi [[central Cheenae]]; completion o a branch line tae the port o [[Zhanjiang]] (in [[Guangdong]]) in 1957 gae it a direct ootlet tae the sea. Durin the [[First Indocheenae War|French war in Indocheenae]] (1946–54), Nanning wis the chief support base in Cheenae for the Vietnamese forces, an durin the [[Vietnam War]] in the 1960s an early 1970s it again acame a stagin post for the sendin o supplies soothward tae [[North Vietnam]]. It wis alson aa an important militar supply centere durin the [[Sino-Vietnamese War|Sino-Vietnam confrontation]] in 1979.

Formerly an essentially commercial an admeenistrative centere, Nanning frae 1949 experienced industrial growth. The ceety is surroondit bi a fertile agricultural region producin subtropical fruits an [[sugccarcane]]; fuid processin, flour [[mill (grindin)|millin]], sugccar [[refinin]], meatpackin, an leather manufactur are important in the ceety. Nanning haes been a centere for printin an paper manufactur, an it is alson aa important in hivy industry.

Efter the recognition o the [[Zhuang fowk|Zhuang]] ethnic minority in 1958, Nanning acame the chief centere for the trainin o Zhuang leaders. [[Guangxi Varsity]], a lairge medical schuil, an a schuil o agricultur aw date frae the 1920s.

A [[cave]]rn at [[Yiling, Guangxi|Yiling]], {{convert|19|km|abbr=on}} tae the northwest, haes a 1,100 m passage through picturesque [[stalactites]]. In the 1970s colored lichts wur installed an the cavern wis developed as a tourist attraction.

Nanning serves as host for the annual Cheenae-[[ASEAN]] EXPO (CASEAN EXPO) which began in 2005 an wis the venue for the 2006 "Warld Robotics Olympiad".

==Geografie==
{{climate chart
| Nanning
| 10.0 | 16.9 |  35
| 11.5 | 18.0 |  43
| 15.0 | 21.5 |  59
| 19.6 | 26.6 |  97
| 22.8 | 30.4 | 186
| 24.9 | 32.1 | 207
| 25.4 | 32.9 | 219
| 25.2 | 32.7 | 205
| 23.6 | 31.6 | 128
| 20.2 | 28.4 |  66
| 15.3 | 24.1 |  40
| 11.3 | 20.2 |  25
|float=right
|clear=none
|source = CMA }}

Nanning is locatit in the soothren pairt o the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, {{convert|160|km|abbr=on}} frae the border wi [[Vietnam]]. It haes an admeenistrative aurie o {{convert|22293|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web
  | url=http://www.xzqh.org/QUHUA/45gx/01nanning.htm
  | title=Profile of Nanning
  | publisher=
  | date=
  | accessdate=11 June 2008
  | language= Chinese |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080610061220/http://www.xzqh.org/QUHUA/45gx/01nanning.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 10 June 2008}}</ref>

The ceety is locatit on the north bank o the [[Yong River]], the chief soothren tributary o the [[Xi River]], an lies some {{convert|30|km|abbr=on}} alaw the confluence o the Yu an the Zuo rivers. The Yong River (which later acomes the Yu River) affords a guid route tae [[Guangzhou]] an is navigable bi shallow-draft junks an motor launches, even though it is obstructit bi rapids an sandbanks.

Nanning is situatit in a hilly basin wi elevations atween {{convert|70|and|500|m|ft|abbr=on}} aboveuin sea-level. [[Qingxiu Muntain]] dominates the soothren pairt o toun.

===Climate===
Nanning haes a warm, [[monsoon]]-influenced [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''), wi an annual mean temperature o {{convert|21.82|°C|1}}. Simmers are het and humid wi Julie, the hettest month, havin a 24-houoor average temperatur o {{convert|28.4|°C|1}}. Winters are mild an somewhat damp wi Januar, the cuilest month, averagin {{convert|12.9|°C|1}} in Januar. Frae Februar tae August, rain is maist frequent an [[relative humidity]] consistently averages aboveuin 80%; the annual rainfaw is {{convert|1310|mm|sigfig=3}}. The aurie is alson aa [[frost]]-free for aw but 3 or 4 days a year an snowfaw is virtually unheard o in the ceety. Extreme temperatures hae ranged frae {{convert|−2.1|to|40.4|°C|°F|0}}.<ref name = Mherrera/>

{{Weather box
|location = Nanning (normals 1971−2000, extremes 1961−2000)
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|collapsed = Y
|Jan high C = 16.9
|Feb high C = 18.0
|Mar high C = 21.5
|Apr high C = 26.6
|May high C = 30.4
|Jun high C = 32.1
|Jul high C = 32.9
|Aug high C = 32.7
|Sep high C = 31.6
|Oct high C = 28.4
|Nov high C = 24.1
|Dec high C = 20.2
|year high C= 26.3
|Jan low C = 10.0
|Feb low C = 11.5
|Mar low C = 15.0
|Apr low C = 19.6
|May low C = 22.8
|Jun low C = 24.9
|Jul low C = 25.4
|Aug low C = 25.2
|Sep low C = 23.6
|Oct low C = 20.2
|Nov low C = 15.3
|Dec low C = 11.3
|year low C= 18.7
|Jan record high C = 32.6
|Feb record high C = 36.2
|Mar record high C = 35.5
|Apr record high C = 38.3
|May record high C = 37.9
|Jun record high C = 37.7
|Jul record high C = 39.0
|Aug record high C = 39.0
|Sep record high C = 38.2
|Oct record high C = 35.2
|Nov record high C = 33.7
|Dec record high C = 29.9
|year record high C= 40.4
|Jan record low C = −1.0
|Feb record low C =  0.8
|Mar record low C =  3.7
|Apr record low C =  9.2
|May record low C = 14.5
|Jun record low C = 18.2
|Jul record low C = 19.7
|Aug record low C = 19.9
|Sep record low C = 15.4
|Oct record low C =  7.9
|Nov record low C =  3.2
|Dec record low C = -1.9
|year record low C= -2.1
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm =  35.3
|Feb rain mm =  42.6
|Mar rain mm =  59.4
|Apr rain mm =  97.1
|May rain mm = 185.6
|Jun rain mm = 207.1
|Jul rain mm = 218.8
|Aug rain mm = 205.3
|Sep rain mm = 128.3
|Oct rain mm =  65.5
|Nov rain mm =  40.3
|Dec rain mm =  24.5

|Jan humidity = 78
|Feb humidity = 81
|Mar humidity = 82
|Apr humidity = 81
|May humidity = 80
|Jun humidity = 82
|Jul humidity = 82
|Aug humidity = 82
|Sep humidity = 78
|Oct humidity = 75
|Nov humidity = 74
|Dec humidity = 74
|unit rain days = 0.1 mm
|Jan rain days = 11.1
|Feb rain days = 13.2
|Mar rain days = 13.8
|Apr rain days = 13.6
|May rain days = 16.6
|Jun rain days = 16.3
|Jul rain days = 16.8
|Aug rain days = 16.2
|Sep rain days = 10.5
|Oct rain days =  8.5
|Nov rain days =  6.8
|Dec rain days =  5.9

|Jan sun =  69.6 |Jan percentsun = 21
|Feb sun =  56.7 |Feb percentsun = 18
|Mar sun =  61.8 |Mar percentsun = 17
|Apr sun =  91.4 |Apr percentsun = 24
|May sun = 144.0 |May percentsun = 35
|Jun sun = 161.1 |Jun percentsun = 40
|Jul sun = 196.8 |Jul percentsun = 48
|Aug sun = 186.1 |Aug percentsun = 47
|Sep sun = 185.6 |Sep percentsun = 51
|Oct sun = 163.7 |Oct percentsun = 46
|Nov sun = 144.2 |Nov percentsun = 44
|Dec sun = 123.7 |Dec percentsun = 37
|source 1 = China Meteorological Administration,<ref name= CMA >{{cite web
  | url = http://old-cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/search1.jsp?dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&tpcat=SURF&type=table&pageid=3
  | title = 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）
  | accessdate = 2010-05-04
  | publisher = [[China Meteorological Administration]]
  | language = Simplified Chinese }}</ref> all-time extreme temperature<ref name = Mherrera>{{cite web
|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm
|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World
|accessdate= 2013-02-21
}}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

==Flora an fauna==
Nanning's warm climate gives it a lairge amoont o [[biodiversity]]. Thare are mony species o ainimals an mair thannor 3,000 species o plants. The ceety flouer is the [[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis|Jaba flouer]], an evergreen shrub, an the ceety tree is the [[awmond tree]] which is regardit as the backbone tree uised for greenin an landscapin throughoot the ceety.

==Internaitional relations==
{{Main|Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Cheenae}}

===Twin touns — sister ceeties===
Nanning is [[town twinnin|twinned]] wi:
*{{flagicon|Poland}} [[Grudziądz]], [[Poland]] (2011)
*{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Bundaberg]], [[Queensland]], [[Australie]] (1998)
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Provo, Utah]], [[Unitit States]] (2000)
*{{flagicon|Austria}} [[Klagenfurt am Wörthersee]], [[Austrick]] (2001)
*{{flagicon|Thailand}} [[Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen]], [[Khon Kaen Province]], [[Thailand]] (2001)
*{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Davao Ceety]], [[Philippines]] (2006)
*{{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Ipoh]], [[Malaysie]] (2001)
*{{flagicon|Myanmar}} [[Yangon]], [[Myanmar]] (2009)<ref>http://english.nanning.gov.cn/n725531/n751804/n752331/n819950/5880844.html</ref>
*{{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Blumenau]], [[Brazil]] (2010)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Freemit airtins==
{{Commons category|Nanning}}
*[http://www.nanning.gov.cn Nanning Govrenment wabsteid {{zh icon}}]
*[http://english.nanning.gov.cn Nanning Govrenment wabsteid {{en}}]
*[http://www.nanninghere.com/ Nanning Here: citizen life introduction {{en}}]
*[http://www.nn-tourism.gov.cn/ Nanning Tourism Information Network]
*[http://www.redland.gov.cn/ Agricultural Information Network in Nanning Ceety]
*[http://www.nnlib.com/ Nanning Ceety Library]
*[http://www.nntv.com.cn/ Nanning Local TV Station]

{{Guangxi}}
{{Maist populous ceeties in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae}}
{{Metropolitan ceeties o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae}}
{{Provincial caipitals o Cheenae}}

[[Category:310s establishments]]
[[Category:Ceeties in Guangxi]]
[[Category:Prefectur-level diveesions o Guangxi]]
[[Category:Provincial caipitals in Cheenae]]