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'''Rowing''' is a sport in which athletes race against each ither oan rivers, oan lochs ur oan th' brine, dependin' upon th' teep ay race an' th' discipline. th' boats ur propelled bi th' reaction forces oan th' [[oar (sport rowing)|oar]] blades as thay ur pushed against th' watter. th' sport can be baith recreational, focusin' oan learnin' th' techniques required,{{cite web |url=http://www(contracted; show full)]. th' mony different formats ur a result ay th' lang [[history ay rowing|history ay th' sport]], its development in different regions ay th' warld, an' specific local requirements an' restrictions. thaur ur tois forms ay rowing: * in ''[[sweep (rowing)|sweep]]'' ur ''sweep-oar'' rowin', each rower haes a body oar, held wi' baith hans. thes can be dain in pairs, foors an' eights. each rower in a sweep boat is referred tae 
eaither as ''[[port (nautical)|port]]'' ur ''[[starboard]]'', dependin' oan which side ay th' boat th' rower's oar extends tae. uisually th' port side is referred tae as [[stroke (rowing)|stroke side]], an' th' starboard side as [[baw (rowing)|baw side]]; thes applies e'en if th' stroke oarsman is rowin' oan baw side an/ur th' baw oarsman oan stroke side. * in ''[[sculling]]'' each rower haes toi(contracted; show full)oss, thes technique allows th' rower tae reach a wee bit further than if th' buffs waur foo ay air. additionally, thes technique allows th' thighs tae compress th' chest, collapsin' th' buffs further than normal, sicweys inducin' greater air (ain oxygen) volume exchange durin' each breath. a scienteefic study ay th' benefits ay entrained breathin' technique in relatively fit, but untrained rowers did nae shaw onie physiological ur psychological benefit tae 
eaither technique.maclennan, susan e.; silvestri, gerard a.; ward, joseph; mahler, donald a., 1994. diz entrained breathin' improve th' economy ay rowin'? medicine & science in sports & exercise 26(5): 610-614.

=== rowin' propulsion === 
rowin' is a cyclic (ur intermittent) f'rm ay propulsion sic' 'at in th' quasi steady-state th' motion ay th' seestem (the seestem comprisin' th' rower, th' oars, an' th' boat), is repeated regularly. in order tae maintain th' steady-state propulsion ay th' seestem withit eaither acceleratin' ur deceleratin' th' seestem, th' sum ay aw th' external forces oan th' seestem, averaged ower th' cycle, main be zero. sicweys, th' average drag (retarding) force oan th' seestem main equal th' average propulsion force oan th' seestem. th' drag forces conseest ay aerodynamic drag oan th' superstructure ay th' seestem (components ay th' boat situated abune th' waterline), an aw as th' hydrodynamic drag oan(contracted; show full)at th' end ay ootriggers extendin' frae th' sides ay th' boat.{{cite web |url=http://www.atm.ox.ac.uk/rowing/physics/basics.html#section2 |title=resistance |accessdate=2007-01-02 |work=basic physics ay rowing}} racin' boats an aa hae slidin' seats tae allaw th' uise ay th' legs in addition tae th' body tae apply power tae th' oar. loch racin' kayaks ur canoes, maist racin' shells ur inherently unstable. th' rowin' boats require oars oan 
eaither side tae prevent them frae rollin' ower.

===fitness an' health=== 
Rowin' is a body ay th' few non-weecht bearin' sports 'at [[exercise]]s aw th' majur muscle groops, includin' [[quadriceps femoris muscle|quads]], [[biceps]], [[triceps]], [[latissimus dorsi muscle|lats]], [[gluteal muscles|glutes]] an' [[human abdomen|abdominal]] muscles. rowin' improves [[cardiovascular]] endurance an' [[muscular strength]]. heich-performance rowers tend tae be (contracted; show full)he knees come up tae the chest when the buffs are empty, this technique allows the rower tae reach a little bit further than if the buffs war full o air. Additionally, this technique allows the thighs tae compress the chest, collapsing the buffs further than normal, sicweys inducing greater air (an oxygen) volume exchange during each breath. A scienteefic study o the benefits o entrained breathing technique in relatively fit, but untrained rowers did nae shaw ony physiological or psychological benefit tae 
eaither technique.MACLENNAN, SUSAN E.; SILVESTRI, GERARD A.; WARD, JOSEPH; MAHLER, DONALD A., 1994. Does entrained breathing improve the economy o rowing? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 26(5): 610-614.

=== Rowing propulsion === 
Rowing is a cyclic (or intermittent) form o propulsion sic that in the quasi steady-state the motion o the seestem (the seestem comprising the rower, the oars, an the boat), is repeated regularly. In order tae maintain the steady-state propulsion o the seestem wioot eaither accelerating or decelerating the seestem, the sum o aw the external forces on the seestem, averaged ower the cycle, must be zero. Sicweys, the average drag (retarding) force on the seestem must equal the average propulsion force on the seestem. The drag forces conseest o aerodynamic drag on the superstructure o the seestem (components o the boat situated abuin the waterline), as well as the hydrodynamic drag on the submerged portion o the seestem. The propulsion forces are the forward reaction o the w(contracted; show full)w tae avoid [[Drag (physics)|drag]], an the oars are attached tae oarlocks at the end o outriggers extendin frae the sides o the boat.{{cite web |url=http://www.atm.ox.ac.uk/rowing/physics/basics.html#section2 |title=Resistance |accessdate=2007-01-02 |work=Basic Physics of Rowing}} Racing boats an aa hae sliding seats tae allou the uise o the legs in addition tae the body tae apply power tae the oar. Lik racing kayaks or canoes, maist racing shells are inherently unstable. The rowing boats require oars on 
eaither side tae prevent them frae rolling ower.

===Fitness and health=== 
Rowing is ane o the few non-wecht bearing sports that [[exercise]]s aw the major muscle groups, includin [[Quadriceps femoris muscle|quads]], [[biceps]], [[triceps]], [[Latissimus dorsi muscle|lats]], [[Gluteal muscles|glutes]] an [[human abdomen|abdominal]] muscles. Rowing improves [[cardiovascular]] endurance an [[muscular strength]]. High-performance rowers tend tae be taw an muscular: awtho extra wecht daes increase the drag on the boat, the lairger athlete's increased power tends tae be mair significant. The increased power is achieved throu increased lenth o leverage on the oar throu langer limbs o the athlete. In multi-rower boats (2,4,or 8), the lightest person teepically rows in the bow seat at the front o the boat. Rowing is a law impact activity wi movement anly in defined ranges, sae twist an sprain injuries are rare. Houiver, the repetitive rowing action can put strain on [[knee joint]]s, the [[Vertebral column|spine]] an the tendons o the forearm, an [[inflammation]] o thir are the maist common rowing injuries. If ane rows wi poor technique, especially rowing wi a curved rather than straucht back, ither injuries mey surface, includin back pains.">

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Commonscat}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rowin (Sport)}}
[[Category:Rowin| Rowin]]
[[Category:Rowin races| Rowin]]
[[Category:History o rowin]]
[[Category:Olympic sports]]