Difference between revisions 3926156 and 3926170 on simplewiki

#Redirect [[Camel]]⏎
{{Taxobox 
| color = pink
| name = Camel
| image = 07. Camel Profile, near Silverton, NSW, 07.07.2007.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = [[Dromedary]], ''Camelus dromedarius''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia	 
| phylum = [[Chordata]]	 
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia	 
| ordo = [[Artiodactyla]]	 
| familia = [[Camelidae]]
| genus = '''''Camelus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
}}
'''Camels''' are [[mammal]]s of the [[Camelidae]] [[family (biology)|family]]. Camels form the [[genus]] '''''Camelus'''''. They are also called '''Afro-Asiatic Camelids'''. There are two living [[species]] of camels.

== Habitat and adaptation ==
[[File:800px-2003camel.PNG|thumb|left|200px|Camels in 2003.]]
Camels live in [[desert]]s, where it is hot and dry. Camels have [[adaptation]]s that help them live in deserts. They have a thick coat of hair that protects them from the sun. They have wide, soft feet, so they can walk a long time in the hot sand.

Several adaptations help a camel save water. When there is food and water, a camel can eat and drink large amounts and store it as [[fat]] in the hump. Then, when there is no food or water, the camel uses the fat for energy, and the hump becomes small and soft. A camel’s waste contains very little water. Even the water from the camel’s breath flows back into its mouth.

A camel has a naturally adapted [[thermostat]] - it can change its bodily temperature by six degrees Celsius either way. 
It has two sets of eyelashes, closing muscles in the nasal passages with slited nostrils, hairy ears and tough, leathery skin to protect the camels skin in vital emergencies such as a sandstorm. It has thick rubbery lips to eat dry, prickly plants and a large, haired tail to swat pests such as mosquitos and flies.

It has a long slender neck in order to reach high leaves such as palm trees, and rubbery patches on the belly and knees to protect the skin when kneeling and sitting on the hot sand. These form after five years of age.

== Life ==
[[File:Camelmomandbaby.jpg|thumb|150px|A Dromedary mother and its calf.]]
Camels live in groups, with one male, several females, and their young [[calf|calves]]. 

=== Reproduction ===
An unborn camel [[gestation|gestates]] about 9 to 11 months.  There is usually one calf per birth. A camel calf can run only a few hours after it is born. Calves are [[weaning|weaned]] when they are about 1 year old.

=== Diet ===
In the desert, people feed camels with [[grass]], [[grains]], [[wheat]] and [[oats]]. When camels are travelling in the desert, food is often very hard to find. So the animal might have to live on dried leaves, [[seeds]], and [[Spine (botany)|thorny]] [[twig]]s (without hurting their mouths). If there is not any regular food, camels will eat anything: bones, fish, meat, [[leather]], even their owner's [[tent]]. 

=== Digestion ===
Camels are [[ruminant]]s but camels do not chew their food very well before swallowing. The first stomach stores the food that is not completely chewed. Later, this food (or [[cud]]) returns to the camel's mouth, and the camel chews it again. Then the camel swallows the cud and it goes to the other parts of the stomach to be completely [[digestion|digested]].

== Camels and humans ==
[[File:Bilma-Salzkarawane1.jpg|thumb|200px|A [[camel train]] in Africa.]]
Camels have been [[Domestication|domesticated]] by humans for about 5000 years. They are used for [[ride|riding]] and to carry things, and for [[meat]], [[milk]] and [[wool]].

As domesticated animals they are used in Africa, Asia, and since the [[19th century]] also in [[Australia]]. About 900-1000 wild Bactrian Camels still live in [[China]] and [[Mongolia]]. There are no wild Dromedaries anymore, but there are escaped domestic Dromedaries in Australia. Today there are about 50,000 Dromedaries living wild in the [[Outback]] in Australia.

A Dromedary and a Bactrian Camel can have [[hybrid]] children that are called ''Tulus'' or ''Bukhts''. These hybrids are larger than the Dromedary or Bactrian Camel, and have either one long hump or one small and one big hump.

When a camel calf reaches one year of age, the owner often teaches it to stand and kneel on command. They also learn to carry small, light packs around. As they grow older, the size of the pack also increases.

{{wikispecies|Camelus}}
{{commonscat|Camelus}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:Bactrian.camel.sideon.arp.jpg|Bactrian camel
Image:Camel seitlich trabend.jpg|Bactrian Camel
Image:Camelus dromedarius in Singapore Zoo.JPG|Dromedary
Image:Turkmen man with camel.jpg|A [[Turkmen people|Turkmen]] man with his dromedary, circa 1905-1915 in [[Turkmenistan]].
Image:Tottori sand dune02 1920.jpg|Two camels used for riding.
</gallery>


<!-- interwiki -->

[[Category:Camelids]]
[[Category:Domesticated animals]]
[[Category:Mammals of Pakistan]]

[[af:Kameel]]
[[am:ግመል]]
[[ar:جمل]]
[[an:Camelus]]
[[arc:ܓܡܠܐ]]
[[ast:Camelus]]
[[av:Варани]]
[[az:Dəvə]]
[[bn:উট]]
[[zh-min-nan:Lo̍k-tô]]
[[ba:Дөйә]]
[[be:Вярблюды]]
[[be-x-old:Вярблюд]]
[[bcl:Kamelyo]]
[[bi:Kamel]]
[[bg:Камили]]
[[bo:རྔ་མོང་།]]
[[br:Camelus]]
[[bs:Deva]]
[[bxr:Тэмээн]]
[[ca:Camell]]
[[cv:Тĕве]]
[[cs:Velbloud]]
[[sn:Nghamera]]
[[cy:Camel]]
[[de:Altweltkamele]]
[[nv:Ghą́ą́ʼaskʼidii]]
[[et:Kaamel]]
[[el:Καμήλα]]
[[en:Camel]]
[[es:Camelus]]
[[eo:Kamelo]]
[[eu:Camelus]]
[[fa:شتر]]
[[hif:Uuntth]]
[[fr:Camelus]]
[[ga:Camall]]
[[gd:Càmhal]]
[[gl:Camelo]]
[[hak:Lo̍k-thò]]
[[xal:Темән]]
[[ko:낙타]]
[[ha:Raƙumi]]
[[hr:Deve starog svijeta]]
[[io:Kamelo]]
[[id:Unta]]
[[ik:Pikukturuaq]]
[[is:Úlfaldar]]
[[it:Camelus]]
[[he:גמל]]
[[ka:აქლემი]]
[[csb:Kamél]]
[[kk:Түйелер]]
[[rw:Ingamiya]]
[[sw:Ngamia]]
[[ht:Chamo]]
[[lad:Gameo]]
[[lbe:Варани]]
[[lez:Деве]]
[[la:Camelus]]
[[lv:Kamieļi]]
[[lt:Kupranugariai]]
[[hu:Teve]]
[[mk:Камила]]
[[ml:ഒട്ടകം]]
[[mr:उंट]]
[[ms:Unta]]
[[mn:Тэмээ]]
[[my:ကုလားအုတ်]]
[[nah:Cameyoh]]
[[nl:Kamelen]]
[[ja:ラクダ]]
[[ce:Émkal]]
[[no:Kameler]]
[[nn:Kamel]]
[[oc:Camèl]]
[[mhr:Тӱе]]
[[uz:Tuya]]
[[pnb:اونٹھ]]
[[ps:اوښ]]
[[pcd:Camioe]]
[[tpi:Kamel]]
[[pl:Wielbłąd]]
[[pt:Camelo]]
[[ro:Cămilă]]
[[qu:Kamillu]]
[[ru:Верблюды]]
[[sah:Тэбиэн]]
[[nso:Kamela]]
[[sq:Deveja]]
[[scn:Camelus]]
[[si:ඔටුවා]]
[[sk:Ťava]]
[[sl:Velblod]]
[[szl:Kamela]]
[[sr:Камила]]
[[sh:Deva]]
[[su:Onta]]
[[fi:Kamelit (suku)]]
[[sv:Camelus]]
[[tl:Kamelyo]]
[[ta:ஒட்டகம்]]
[[tt:Дөя]]
[[te:ఒంటె]]
[[tg:Шутур]]
[[chy:Pa'e'pa'onáhe]]
[[tr:Deve]]
[[udm:Дуэ]]
[[uk:Верблюд]]
[[ur:اونٹ]]
[[ug:Töge]]
[[vi:Lạc đà]]
[[fiu-vro:Kaamli]]
[[wa:Chamo]]
[[war:Kamelyo]]
[[yi:קעמל]]
[[yo:Ràkùnmí]]
[[zh-yue:駱駝]]
[[zh:骆驼]]