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{{Infobox rail 
| railroad_name     = '''Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français'''
| logo_filename     = 
| logo_size         = 
| system_map        = 
| map_caption       = 
| map_size          = 
| marks             = 
| image             = 
| image_size        = 
| image_caption     = 
| locale            = [[France]] 
| start_year        = 
| end_year          = 
| predecessor_line  = See [[SNCF#History|SNCF History]]
| successor_line    = 
| gauge             = {{RailGauge|sg}}
| length            = 32,000 [[kilometre|km]]
| hq_city           = [[Paris]]
| website           =
}}
'''SNCF''' ('''Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français''') (French National Railway Company) is a [[France|French]] public enterprise. Its functions include operation of rail services for passengers and freight, and maintenance as well as signalling of rail infrastructure owned by [[Réseau Ferré de France|RFF]] (Réseau Ferré de France). It employs about 180,000 people. The rail network consists of about 32,000 [[kilometre|km]] of route, of which 1,800 km is [[TGV|high-speed]] line and 14,500 km is [[railway electrification system|electrified]]. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. The chairman of SNCF is [[Guillaume Pepy]]. Its headquarters are in [[Paris]], in the Rue du Commandant Mouchotte.

{{transport-stub}}

[[Category:Train operating companies]]
[[Category:Transport in FranceUse dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{update|date=June 2015|inaccurate=yes|talksection=Reorganization}}
{{Infobox rail
|railroad_name     = Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF)
|logo_filename     = Logo SNCF 2011.svg
|logo_size         = 150px
|system_map        = Carte réseau grandes lignes radiales fr.svg
|map_caption       = Map of the French railways on which "TGV" or "Intercités" SNCF trains run. Only lines going to / from Paris are shown here.
|map_size          =
|marks             = [[TGV]], [[Intercités]], [[Transport express régional|TER]], [[Transilien]], [[Ouigo]], [[Eurostar]], [[Thalys]], [[TGV Lyria]]
|image             = TGVA n°341 au PN 401 bis à La Baule par Cramos.JPG
|image_size        = 250px
|image_caption     = [[TGV]] Atlantique - french high-speed train.
|locale            = [[France]]
|start_year        = 1938
|end_year          = present
|predecessor_line  = [[Compagnie des chemins de fer du Nord]]<br />[[Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine]]<br />[[Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée]]<br />[[Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans]]<br />[[Chemins de fer du Midi|Compagnie des chemins de fer du Midi et du Canal latéral à la Garonne]]<br />[[Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est]]<br />[[Chemins de fer de l'État|Administration des chemins de fer de l'État]]
|successor_line    =
|gauge             = {{RailGauge|1435mm}} and {{RailGauge|1000mm}}
|old_gauge         =
|electrification   = 
|length            = {{convert|29273|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|hq_city           = [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis]]
|website           = [http://www.sncf.com/ www.sncf.com]
}}
{{Infobox company
| name             = Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF)
| logo             = 
| type             = [[Government-owned corporation|state-owned]]
| foundation       = 1938
| predecessor = 
| location_city    = 
| location_country = France
| area_served      = 
| key_people       = [[Guillaume Pepy]] (President)
| industry         = rail transport
| revenue          = 
| operating_income = 
| net_income       = 
| assets           = 
| owner            = 
| parent           = 
| num_employees    = 149,500 (2015)
| subsid           = SNCF Mobilités<br />SNCF Réseau
| footnotes        = 
}}

'''SNCF''' ('''{{lang|fr|Société nationale des chemins de fer français}}'''; "National society of French railways" or "French National Railway Corporation") is [[France]]'s national [[Government-owned corporation|state-owned]] railway company and manages the [[Rail transport in France|rail traffic in France]] and the Principality of [[Monaco]]. SNCF operates the country's national rail services, including the [[TGV]], France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight, and maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure.

SNCF employs more than 180,000 people in 120 countries around the globe. The railway network consists of about {{convert|32,000|km|mi|abbr=on}} of route, of which {{convert|1,800|km|mi|abbr=on}} are high-speed lines and {{convert|14,500|km|mi|abbr=on}} electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. Since July 2013, SNCF headquarters are located in a Parisian suburb at 2, place aux Étoiles, 93200 [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint Denis]].

In 2010 SNCF was ranked 22nd in France and 214th globally on the Fortune Global 500 list.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/countries/France.html | work=CNN | title=Global 500 2010: Countries | accessdate=24 October 2013}}</ref>

It is the main business of the SNCF group, which in 2014 employed 245,763 people and had €27.2 billion of sales in 120 countries.<ref>http://www.sncf.com/ressources/reports/sncf_2014_financial_report_0.pdf</ref> The chairman of the SNCF group is [[Guillaume Pépy]].

{{TOClimit|3}}

==Business scope==
[[File:TGV Duplex Figueres.jpg|right|thumb|250px|A high-speed train [[TGV Duplex]] from SNCF]]
[[File:Moreuil - X73595 en gare.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A SNCF [[Transport Express Régional]] train]]
[[Image:TGV World Speed Record 574 km per hour.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[V150 (train)|TGV 4402 operation V150]] reaching 574 km/h on 3 April 2007 near [[Le Chemin, France]].]]

===High-speed rail===
SNCF operates almost all of France's railway system, including the [[TGV]] (Train à Grande Vitesse, meaning "High-Speed Train"), In the 1970s, SNCF began the TGV high-speed train programme with the intention of creating the world's fastest railway network. It came to fruition in 1981, when the first TGV service, from [[Paris]] to [[Lyon]], was inaugurated. Today, SNCF operates 1,850&nbsp;km (about 1,150 miles) of designated high-speed track that accommodate more than 800 high-speed services per day. SNCF’s TGV trains carry more than 100 million passengers a year. TGV lines and TGV technology are now spread across several European countries in addition to [[Korea Train Express|South Korea]].

SNCF's TGV has set many world speed records, the most recent on 3 April 2007, when a new version of the TGV dubbed the [[V150 (train)|V150]] with larger wheels than the usual TGV, was able to cover more ground with each rotation and had a stronger 25,000&nbsp;hp (18,600&nbsp;kW) engine, and broke the world speed record for conventional railway trains, reaching 574.8&nbsp;km/h (357.2&nbsp;mph).

SNCF has a remarkable safety record. After nearly 30 years in operation, SNCF’s TGV system has only experienced [[Eckwersheim derailment|one fatal accident]], during trials rather than regular operations.

SNCF also owns the tracks and the stations.

===United Kingdom===
In 2011 SNCF in partnership with [[Keolis]], unsuccessfully bid for the [[InterCity West Coast]] franchise.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130606094818/http://assets.dft.gov.uk/publications/intercity-west-coast-franchise/franchisebidders.pdf Shortlisted Bidders for Greater Anglia and Intercity West Coast Rail Franchises] Department for Transport 24 March 2011</ref> In April 2017 SNCF took a 30% shareholding in a joint venture with [[Stagecoach Group]] and [[Virgin Group]] to bid for the [[West Coast Partnership]] that will operate services on the [[West Coast Main Line]] from May 2019 and the [[High Speed 2]] line from 2026.<ref>[http://www.stagecoach.com/media/news-releases/2017/2017-04-25.aspx Stagecoach and Virgin to join forces with SNCF for West Coast Partnership Bid] Stagecoach 25 July 2017</ref><ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/stagecoach-and-sncf-lead-virgin-branded-bid-for-hs2-operations.html Stagecoach and SNCF lead Virgin-branded bid for HS2 operations] ''[[Railway Gazette International]]'' 25 July 2017</ref>

===SNCF operations===
Since the 1990s, SNCF has been selling railway carriages to regional governments, with the creation of the Train Express Régional brand. SNCF also maintains a broad scope of [[international business]] that includes work on freight lines, inter-city lines and commuter lines. SNCF experts provide logistics, design, construction, operations and maintenance services. SNCF operates the international ticketing agency, [[Voyages SNCF]] (formerly ''Rail Europe'').

SNCF has employees in 120 countries offering extensive overseas and cross border consulting. Those projects include:

*[[Israel]]: Assistance and Training. SNCF International provides assistance to [[Israel Railways]] in every area of rail operations including projects to upgrade the network's general safety regulations. Other assistance and training programmes involve Infrastructure and the Traction Division.
*[[Taiwan]]: Operations Training. SNCF supervised the prime contractor responsible for construction of the Taiwan Railways Administration’s main high-speed rail line. It also trained rail traffic controllers, drivers, and crew members. On behalf of the Government of Taiwan, SNCF managed the high-speed railway Command Control Centre.
*United Kingdom: Maintenance. In 2007-2008, SNCF-International consultants audited the maintenance practices applied to the track, signalling and overhead electric power line on British high-speed rail lines connecting London to the [[Channel Tunnel]]. In addition, it conducted an audit of the maintainer’s performance from the service quality and cost control standpoint, made recommendations for improvements, and proposed a three-year Business Plan.
*[[South Korea]]: HSR Electrification Design. SNCF advised Korean Railroads on the electrification of tracks between Daegu and Busan and on linking existing conventional tracks to the new high-speed line. SNCF also assisted in selecting and inspecting high-speed [[rolling stock]] and trained 400 senior manager, engineers, and executives in a broad range of skills, including signalling, catenaries, track, rolling stock maintenance, HSR operation, safety management, marketing, and passenger information systems. Until the end of 2009, SNCF assisted Korea in maintaining its high-speed.
*[[Spain]]: Signalling System. SNCF partnered with ADIF (Spanish railway infrastructure provider) in the study, supply, installation, and maintenance of the standard EU railway signaling system along the Madrid-Lleida high-speed line. On behalf of the Spanish Government, SNCF designed and led maintenance operations on this line over a two-year period.
*[[France]]: Lead Infrastructure and Rolling Stock Maintainer – The scope of SNCF’s maintenance duties is staggering: it maintains {{convert|32,000|km|mi|abbr=on}} of track, 26,500 main sets of points and crossings, 2,300 signal boxes, 80,000 track circuits, over 1 million relays, etc. It also maintains 3,900 locomotives and 500 high-speed trains. Each of SNCF’s TGV trains travels more than {{convert|39,000|km|mi|abbr=on}} a month – enough to circle the globe. Each year SNCF’s Human Resources Department provides over 1.2 million hours of training to its over 25,000 employees.

==History==
[[File:BB67484-Amiens.JPG|thumb|250px|SNCF diesel locomotive in [[Amiens]].]]
SNCF was formed in 1938 with the [[nationalisation]] of France's main railway companies (''Chemin de fer'', literally, 'path of iron', means railway). These were the:
* [[Chemins de fer de l'Est]] (Est) ''(Eastern Railways'')
* [[Chemins de fer de l'État]] (État) ''(State Railways)'' (merged in 1908 with the [[Chemins de fer de l'Ouest]])
* [[Chemins de fer du Nord]] (Nord) ''(Northern Railways)''
* [[Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée]] (PLM) ''(Paris, Lyon and Mediterranean Railways)''
* [[Chemins de fer de Paris à Orléans et du Midi]] ''(Paris, Orléans, and Southern Railways)'' (PO-Midi, formed in 1934 from the merger of the [[Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans]] and the [[Chemins de fer du Midi]])
* [[Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine]] (AL) ''(Alsace-Lorraine Railways)''
* Syndicats du Chemin de fer de Grande Ceinture et de Petite Ceinture ''(Great and Little Belt Railways)''

The French state originally took 51% ownership of SNCF and invested large amounts of public subsidies into the system. Today, SNCF is wholly owned by the French state.

===World War II===
{{See also|French resistance#Sabotage|Holocaust train#France}}
Following the 1940 Armistice and until August 1944, SNCF was requisitioned for the transport of German armed forces and armaments. The invading German troops were responsible for the destruction of nearly 350 French railway bridges and tunnels. According to differing estimates, SNCF surrendered between 125,000-213,000 wagons and 1,000-2,000 locomotives.<ref name="Jones1984">{{cite book |title=The Politics of Transport in Twentieth-Century France |last=Jones |first=Joseph |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1984 |publisher=McGill Queens University Press |location= |isbn=0773504281 |page= |pages=115–116 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VfmH2ng3GV4C&pg=PA108&dq=SNCF+railway+transporting+german+troops&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NLmSULH-NKO6iwKAy4DgCQ&sqi=2&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=SNCF%20railway%20transporting%20german%20troops&f=false |accessdate=1 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="Mierzejewski2000">{{cite book |title=The Most Valuable Asset of the Reich: A History of the German National Railway Volume 2, 1933-1945 |last=Mierzejewski |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2000 |publisher=The university of North Carolina Press |location= |isbn=0807825743 |page=84 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gY_o6_7TP98C&pg=PA83&dq=SNCF+railway+transporting+german+troops&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NLmSULH-NKO6iwKAy4DgCQ&sqi=2&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=SNCF%20railway%20transporting%20german%20troops&f=false |accessdate=1 November 2012}}</ref>

France's railway infrastructure and rolling stocks were a target for the [[French Resistance]] aimed at disrupting and fighting the German occupying forces.<ref name = 'RECITS'>{{cite journal | last = Ribeill | first = Georges | title = Obstétrique de guerre: Le cas de la SNCF (1939-1945) | journal = Les Cahiers de Recits, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Choix Industriels, Technologiques et Scientifiques | volume = 2 | issue = | pages = 49–61 | publisher = Université de Technologie Belfort-Montbéliard | location = Belfort-Montbéliard | date = 2002–2003 | language = French | url = http://www.utbm.fr/media/pem/LivreNum_LesCahiersDeRECITSn2.pdf | jstor = | issn = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | accessdate = 9 January 2012}}</ref><ref name = 'Christofferson'>{{cite book |title= France during World War II: From Defeat to Liberation |last1= Christofferson |first1= Thomas |last2= Christofferson |first2= Michael |year= 2006 |publisher= Fordham University Press |location= New York |isbn= 978-0-8232-2563-7}}</ref> This allowed SNCF employees to perform many [[Resistance during World War II|acts of resistance]],<ref name = 'Durand'>{{cite book |title= La SNCF pendant la guerre, sa résistance à l'occupant |last= Durand |first= Paul |year= 1968 |publisher= Presses Universitaires de France |location= Paris}}</ref> including the formation of the [[Résistance-Fer]] movement in 1943. Nearly 1,700 SNCF railway workers were killed or deported for resisting [[Nazi]] orders.<ref name="figaro-shoah-regrets">{{Cite news | last = Lombard | first = Marie-Amélie | title = Shoah : les "regrets" de la SNCF | work = Le Figaro | location = France | accessdate = 31 January 2010 | date = 25 January 2011 | url = http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2011/01/24/01016-20110124ARTFIG00734-shoah-les-regrets-de-la-sncf.php}}</ref><ref name="nytimes2011" /> 150 Résistance-Fer agents were shot for their acts of resistance, 500 of them were deported. Half of those deported died in concentration camps.<ref name="Ribeill">{{Cite journal | last = Ribeill | first = Georges | title = Résistance-Fer, du " réseau " à l’association | work = Revue d’histoire des chemins de fer | volume = 34 | pages = 53–73 | accessdate = 8 January 2012 | year = 2006 | url = http://rhcf.revues.org/534}}</ref>

German occupying forces in France also requisitioned SNCF to transport nearly 77,000 Jews and other Holocaust victims to Nazi [[extermination camp]]s.<ref name="Shaver">{{Cite news |issn = 0740-5421 |last=Shaver |first=Katherine |title=Holocaust group faults VRE contract |work=The Washington Post |accessdate= 7 July 2010 |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/06/AR2010070605169.html |date=7 July 2010}}</ref><ref name="Bankier2011">{{cite book |title=Holocaust and Justice |last=Marrus |first=Michael R. |editor1-last=Bankier |editor1-first=David |editor2-last=Michman |editor2-first=Dan |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2011 |publisher=Berghahn Books |location= |isbn=978-9-65308-353-0 |chapter=Chapter 12 The Case of the French Railways and the Deportation of Jews in 1944 |pages= |url= }}</ref> These deportations have been the subject of historical controversy and lawsuits (such as the [[Alain Lipietz#Court challenge to SNCF|Lipietz case]]) in France as well as in the United States (where subsidiary [[Keolis]] is a transportation contractor) [[Holocaust train#France 2|to the present day]].<ref name="nytimes2011">{{Cite news |issn=0362-4331 |last=Baume |first=Maïa De La |title=French Railway Formally Apologizes to Holocaust Victims |work=The New York Times |accessdate=26 October 2012 |date=25 January 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/26/world/europe/26france.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/french-railway-must-pay-for-transporting-family-to-nazis-1.575679| title=French railway must pay for transporting family to Nazis| author=CBC News| accessdate=9 June 2006 | date=7 June 2006}}</ref>

In 1992 SNCF commissioned French academics to write a history of SNCF activities during World War II.  The resultant report was published in 1996.<ref>{{cite web|title=Facilitating historical research|url=http://39-45.sncf.com/content.php?id=2&deploy=2|publisher=SNCF}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Associated Press|title=U.S. bill requires French rail company to disclose 'truth' of its Holocaust role|url=http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/u-s-bill-requires-french-rail-company-to-disclose-truth-of-its-holocaust-role-1.362955|accessdate=28 September 2012|newspaper=Haaretz|date=20 May 2011}}</ref>

More recently, some sources have claimed that SNCF billed Nazi-occupied France for third-class tickets for Holocaust victims transported to extermination camps,<ref name="Gaurdian06">{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jun/07/france.topstories3 | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Angelique | last=Chrisafis | title=French state and SNCF guilty of collusion in deporting Jews | date=7 June 2006}}</ref><ref name="BBC07">{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6499227.stm | title=French railways win WWII appeal | work=BBC News |date=27 March 2007| accessdate=7 November 2013}}</ref> although passengers were transported in [[cattle car]]s.<ref name="FirstPost">{{cite news|url=http://www.theweek.co.uk/politics/9909/sncf-airs-holocaust-regret-it-bids-florida-rail |title=SNCF airs Holocaust regret as it bids for Florida rail &#124; News &#124; The Week UK |publisher=Thefirstpost.co.uk |date=15 November 2010 |accessdate=}}</ref> Other sources have reported that after the [[liberation of France]] SNCF continued to seek payment for transporting Holocaust victims to Germany.<ref name="Gaurdian06" /><ref name="NYTimes03">{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/20/international/europe/20PARI.html |first=Alan |last=Riding| title=Nazis' Human Cargo Now Haunts French Railway| work=The New York Times| date=20 March 2003 | accessdate= 7 November 2013}}</ref>  However, historian [[Michael Marrus]] has written that claims that SNCF billed for third-class tickets and continued to seek payment after the war ended were made as part of a legal case brought against SNCF, and did not match with historians' understanding of what happened. Marrus argues that SNCF had no margin of maneuver during the German occupation and that the actions of SNCF employees were not ideologically motivated.<ref name="Bankier2011"/> According to [[Serge and Beate Klarsfeld|Serge Klarsfeld]], president of the organization [[Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France]], SNCF was forced by German and Vichy authorities to cooperate in providing transport for French Jews to the border and did not make any profit from this transport.<ref name="Klarsfeld2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.memorialdelashoah.com/attachments/article/77/Serge_Klarsfeld_sen_judiciary_comm_sncf_washington_july_2012.pdf |title=Analysis of Statements Made During the June 20, 2012 Hearing of the U.S. Senate Committee of the Judiciary |author=Serge Klarsfeld |date=26 June 2012 |work=Memorial de la Shoah |publisher= |accessdate=19 November 2013}}</ref>

In December 2014, SNCF agreed to pay up to $60 million worth of compensation to Holocaust survivors in the United States.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/france-to-compensate-american-holocaust-survivors/2014/12/05/9fd176c6-7c94-11e4-84d4-7c896b90abdc_story.html France to compensate American Holocaust survivors]</ref> It corresponds to approximately $100,000 per survivor.<ref>[[Le Monde]], ''Pour le rôle de la SNCF dans la Shoah, Paris va verser 100 000 euros à chaque déporté américain'' [http://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2014/12/05/etats-unis-paris-va-indemniser-les-victimes-de-la-shoah-transportees-par-la-sncf_4535530_3222.html]</ref>

On 1 January 2015, [[Réseau Ferré de France|Réseau ferré de France]] (RFF) merged with [[SNCF Infra]] and the Direction de la circulation ferroviaire (DCF) and became ''SNCF Réseau'', the operational assets of SNCF became ''SNCF Mobilités'', and both groups were placed under the control of SNCF.

[[File:BB15048-Amiens.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A "broken nose" style of SNCF electric locomotive ([[SNCF Class BB 15000|BB 15000]]) designed by [[Paul Arzens]]]]

===Design===
The industrial designer [[Paul Arzens]] styled many of SNCF's locomotives from the 1940s until the 1970s. A particularly distinctive type is the "broken nose" style of electric and diesel locomotives.

===Current day===
SNCF is recognised{{by whom|date=August 2015}} as a leader in eco-mobility with a commitment to become the world’s first operator to offer [[carbon neutral]] travel at no extra cost to travellers. SNCF has cut emissions on its cross-channel Paris to London route by 31% in two years by using more electricity from non-fossil fuel sources.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} SNCF's 39 manufacturing facilities are in the process of “going green” and 9 sites are already{{when|date=August 2015}} [[ISO 14000]] certified. SNCF developed an interactive website to help travellers calculate the environmental impact of their travel choices.

In May 2014, the company had discovered that 2,000 new trains they ordered at a cost of 15 billion euros are too wide for many of France's regional platforms, Construction work has already started to reconfigure them.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27497727|title=French red faces over trains that are 'too wide'|publisher=BBC News|date=21 May 2014}}</ref>

==Codeshare with airlines==
SNCF [[Code sharing|codeshares]] with [[Air Austral]], [[Air France]], [[Air Tahiti Nui]], [[American Airlines]], [[Cathay Pacific]], [[Middle East Airlines]], [[Etihad Airways]], [[Qatar Airways]], and [[SriLankan Airlines]]. In exchange, SNCF allows passengers on these flights to book railway services between [[Charles de Gaulle Airport]] in [[Roissy-en-France|Roissy]] (near [[Paris]]) and [[Gare d'Aix-en-Provence TGV|Aix-en-Provence]], [[Gare d'Angers-Saint-Laud|Angers]], [[Gare d'Avignon TGV|Avignon]], [[Gare de Bordeaux Saint-Jean|Bordeaux]], [[Gare du Mans|Le Mans]], [[Gare de Lille Europe|Lille]], [[Gare de Lyon-Part-Dieu|Lyon Part-Dieu]], [[Gare de Marseille-Saint-Charles|Marseille]], [[Gare de Montpellier-Saint-Roch|Montpellier]], [[Gare de Nantes|Nantes]], [[Gare de Nîmes|Nîmes]], [[Gare de Poitiers|Poiters]], [[Gare de Rennes|Rennes]], [[Gare de Strasbourg|Strasbourg]], [[Gare de Tours|Tours]], and [[Gare de Valence TGV|Valence]] with their airline. The [[IATA]] designator used by airlines in connection with these journeys is 2C.{{Citation needed|date=December 2007}}

[[Continental Airlines]] discontinued its codeshare with SNCF on 15 August 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.continental.com/web/en-us/content/company/alliance/sncf.aspx |title=United Airlines - Airline Tickets, Vacations Packages, Travel Deals, and Company Information on united.com |publisher=Continental.com |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204152201/http://www.continental.com/web/en-us/content/company/alliance/sncf.aspx|archivedate=4 December 2010}}</ref>

==Company structure and subsidiaries==
[[File:Siège SNCF Saint-Denis.jpg|thumb|left|Current head office in [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Denis]]]]
[[File:SNCFHQParis.JPG|thumb|right|150px|SNCF's former headquarters in the [[Montparnasse]] neighborhood.]]
[[File:Épône gare - distributeur de billets.png|thumb|right|150px|SNCF automatic ticket distributing machine at the Épône-Mézières station.]]

===Headquarters===
Since July 2013, SNCF headquarters are located in the Parisian suburb of [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Denis]] at 2, place aux Étoiles, 93200 [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint Denis]].<ref>"[http://www.sncf.com/en/footer/legal-notice Legal notice]." SNCF. Retrieved on 12 January 2015. "Siège : 2 place aux Etoiles, 93200 Saint Denis"</ref> The move, motivated by cutting operating costs by 10 million euros per year,<ref>Bertrand, Philippe. "[http://business.lesechos.fr/directions-financieres/0202920716512-la-sncf-prend-ses-nouveaux-quartiers-a-saint-denis-8295.php La SNCF prend ses nouveaux quartiers à Saint-Denis]" ([http://www.webcitation.org/6VVTJPl3w Archive]). ''[[Les Échos (France)|Les Echos]]''. 29 July 2013.</ref> is historically significant{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}: for the first time in the history of SNCF their headquarters is no longer located within the city limits of [[Paris]].

From 1999 to 2013, SNCF's headquarters were located in the [[Montparnasse]] neighborhood of the [[14th arrondissement of Paris|14th arrondissement]] of [[Paris]],<ref name="legal">"[https://www.contravention-sncf.fr/static/html/popupLegalNotes_en.html Legal information]." SNCF. Retrieved on 24 October 2013.</ref> located near the [[Gare Montparnasse]].<ref name="HautLESeCHOS">"[http://www.lesechos.fr/20/05/1999/LesEchos/17903-137-ECH_le-siege-haut-perche-de-la-sncf-a-montparnasse.htm Le siège haut perché de la SNCF à Montparnasse]" ([http://www.webcitation.org/6VVTZMIbu Archive]). ''[[Les Échos (France)|Les Echos]]''. 20 May 1999. Page 54. Retrieved on 1 May 2010. "Pari tenu : réceptionné le 19 mars par Bouygues Immobilier et livré à son occupant dix jours plus tard, le nouveau siège de la SNCF est sorti de la gangue du grand ensemble de la gare Montparnasse, dans le 14e arrondissement de Paris, en quinze mois d'un chantier intense qui a mobilisé sur place jusqu'à 650 personnes. Quelque 800 postes de travail sont concernés sur les 2.500 qui gravitaient hier autour du siège historique de Saint-Lazare (9e arrondissement), consacrant la partition entre une direction générale resserrée et des services centraux pléthoriques."</ref>

Prior to 1999, SNCF's historic headquarters was located at 88 [[Rue Saint-Lazare]] in the [[9th arrondissement of Paris|9th arrondissement]].<ref name="HautLESeCHOS"/><ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/19970614225922/www.sncf.fr/indexe.htm Welcome to the SNCF server!]" ([http://www.webcitation.org/6VVUTis98 Archive]). SNCF. 3 June 1997. Retrieved on 28 April 2010. "88, Rue St Lazare 75009 PARIS."</ref> In 1996 the chairman of SNCF, Louis Gallois, announced that SNCF would move its headquarters to a new location during the middle of 1997.<ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/20131029204501/http://www.humanite.fr/node/166369 La SNCF veut délocaliser son siège parisien]" ([http://www.webcitation.org/6VVU5FNs8 Archive]). ''[[L'Humanité]]''. 23 September 1996. Retrieved on 28 April 2010.</ref>

===Divisions===
Since 1 January 2015 SNCF consists of five divisions:
* '''''SNCF Réseau''''' is the infrastructure division of SNCF, and carries out track and other infrastructure maintenance, design and construction. Subsidiaries in the group include [[Systra]], [[Inexia]] and [[SNCF International]].
* '''''SNCF Voyageurs''''' is responsible for passenger transport. Constituent parts include [[TGV]], [[TER]], [[Transilien]] and [[Intercités]] (formerly [[Corail (train)|Corail]] Intercités, [[Lunéa]] and [[Téoz]]).
* '''''[[Keolis]]''''' is responsible for urban transport (tramways, bus networks).
* '''''[[SNCF Geodis|SNCF Logistics]]''''' is the rail and general freight logistics section of SNCF, including Fret SNCF, [[VFLI]] and other European rail freight companies (since 2010 collected under the brand [[Captrain]]<ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/captrain-brand-to-consolidate-international-freight-operations.html Captrain brand to consolidate international freight operations] 12 February 2010 , ''www.railwaygazette.com''</ref>), as well as rail-freight stock management companies including [[France Wagons]] and [[Ermewa]].
* '''''SNCF Immobilier'''.

===Shareholdings===
SNCF has full or partial shares in a large number of companies, the majority of which are rail or transport related. These include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://comment-devenirriche.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/rapport-financier-2008.pdf|title=Rapport Financier|language=French|accessdate=1 September 2008}}</ref>
* [[SNCF Geodis|Geodis]] (100%)
* [[ERMEWA]] (100%)
* France Wagons (100%)
* SGW : Société de Gérance de Wagons (67.5%)
* CTC : Compagnie des Transports Céréaliers (69.36%)
* SEGI (98.96%)
* Naviland Cargo (94.37%) previously CNC Transports, Compagnie Nouvelle de Conteneurs.
''General freight transport'':
:* C-[[Modalohr]] Express (51%)
:* [[Novatrans]] (38.25%)
:* Districhrono (100%)
:* Ecorail (99.9%)
:* Froidcombi (48.93%)
:* Rouch Intermodal (98.96%)
:* Sefergie (98.96%)
:* [[EFFIA]] (99.99%)
''Passenger transport ''
:* [[Thalys International]] (70%)
:* [[Eurostar International Limited|Eurostar International]] (55%)<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.eurostar.com/uk-en/about-eurostar/company-information/behind-the-scenes#.UmlAzPmVPp8 | work=Eurostar | title=Eurostar Ownership & Structure}}</ref>
:* [[TGV Lyria|Lyria]] (74%)
:* [[Elipsos|Elipsos International]] (50%)
:* [[Artésia]] (50%)
:* [[SeaFrance]] (100%) Sold to [[Eurotunnel]].
:* [[Rhealys SA]] (30%)
:* [[Keolis]] (70%)<ref>[http://www.keolis.com/en/media-centre/press/news/in-detail/article/sncf-increases-its-shareh.html SNCF increases its shareholding in Keolis to accelerate the next phase of the company's development] Keolis April 2012</ref>
:* [[Govia]] (24.5%)<ref>[http://www.govia.info/news/govia-awarded-tsgn-franchise/ Govia awarded TSGN franchise] Govia 23 May 2014</ref>
:* [[iDTGV]] (100%)
:* [[Ouigo]] (100%)
:* [[Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori]] (20%)<ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/pepy-takes-a-stake-in-ntv.html Pepy takes a stake in NTV] 10 October 2008 , ''www.railwaygazette.com''</ref>
''Tickets''
:* [[Voyages-sncf.com]] (50.1%), the on-line travel agency of SNCF
:* [[Rail Europe, Inc.]] (50%) Bought from [[British Rail]].
:* GLe-trade
''Consulting''
:* AREP (99.99%)
:* [[SNCF International]] (100%)
:* [[Inexia]]
:* [[Systra]] (35.87%): engineering for public transport
''Housing''
:* [[ICF Habitat Novedis]] (100%): rental housing (social and private housing)

==See also==
{{Portal|Paris|Companies|Trains}}
* [[History of rail transport in France]]
* [[List of French companies]]
* [[List of SNCF classes|List of SNCF locomotive and multiple-unit classes]]
* [[Transport express régional]]
* [[Corail (train)]]
* [[Transport in France]]
* [[List of SNCF stations]]
* [[Autorité de Régulation des Activités Ferroviaires]]
{{Clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|SNCF}}
* [http://www.bueker.net/trainspotting/map.php?file=maps/french-network/french-network.gif Map]
* [http://www.sncf.com/en/meet-sncf/sncf-history History of SNCF] {{fr icon}}
* [http://39-45.sncf.com/documents/Bachelier_Report_Executive_Summary.pdf Bachelier Report on WWII activities] {{en icon}}
* [http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/peclegg/sncf/ SNCF Society] - enthusiasts' site {{en icon}} {{fr icon}}
* [http://elenastravelgram.com/2014/04/france-by-train-ultimate-guide-to-french-railroad.html Ultimate Guide to navigating the French railroad system]

{{National railway companies of Europe}}

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[[Category:Eurostar]]
[[Category:Railteam]]
[[Category:State-owned companies of France]]
[[Category:Railway companies of France]]
[[Category:Rail transport in France]]
[[Category:1938 establishments in France]]
[[Category:Railway companies established in 1938]]
[[Category:French brands]]