Difference between revisions 5662572 and 5662573 on simplewiki[[File:Willie Mays cropped.jpg|thumb|right|200px|alt=A man wearing a baseball hat, which has an "S" and an "F" sewn onto it, smiles.|[[Willie Mays]] was the first player to win more than one All-Star Game MVP Award (1963, 1968).]] The '''Major League Baseball All-Star Game Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award''' is an annual [[Major League Baseball]] (MLB) award given to the most outstanding player in each year's [[Major League Baseball All-Star Game|MLB All-Star Game]]. Awarded each season since {{by|1962}}, it was originally called the "Arch Ward Memorial Award" in honor of [[Arch Ward]], the man who conceived of the All-Star Game. The award's name was changed to the "Commissioner's Trophy" in 1970, but this name change was reversed in 1985 when the [[World Series]] Trophy was renamed the [[Commissioner's Trophy (MLB)#History|Commissioner's Trophy]]. Finally, the trophy was renamed the '''Ted Williams Most Valuable Player Award''' in 2002, in honor of former [[Boston Red Sox]] player [[Ted Williams]], who had died earlier that year.<ref name="bballalmanac">{{cite web | url =http://www.baseball-almanac.com/awards/aw_mvpa.shtml | title = All Star Game Most Valuable Player Award|publisher = Baseball-Almanac.com | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref> No award was presented for the [[2002 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2002 All-Star Game]], which ended in a tie.<ref name="2002tie">{{cite web | url =http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20020709&content_id=78899&vkey=allstar2002&fext=.jsp&c_id=null | title = All-Star Game finishes in tie| author = Adam McCalvy |publisher = [[Major League Baseball]] | date=2002-07-09 | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref> Thus, the [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim|Anaheim Angels]]' [[Garret Anderson]] was the first recipient of the newly named Ted Williams Award in [[2003 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2003]]. {{As of|2011}}, a [[National League]] player has won the award 26 times (including one award shared by two players), and [[American League]] players have won 25 times. [[Baltimore Orioles]] players have won the most awards for a single franchise (with six); players from the [[Cincinnati Reds]], [[Los Angeles Dodgers]], and [[San Francisco Giants]] are tied for the most in the National League with five each. Four players have won the award twice: [[Willie Mays]] ([[1963 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1963]], [[1968 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1968]]), [[Steve Garvey]] ([[1974 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1974]], [[1978 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1978]]), [[Gary Carter]] ([[1981 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1981]], [[1984 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1984]]), and [[Cal Ripken, Jr.]] ([[1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1991]], [[2001 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2001]]). The award has been shared by multiple players once; [[Bill Madlock]] and [[Jon Matlack]] shared the award in [[1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1975]].<ref name="share75">{{cite web | url =http://baseball-almanac.com/asgbox/07151975.shtml | title = 1975 All-Star Game Box Score|publisher = Baseball-Almanac.com | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref> Two players have won the award for a game in which their league lost: [[Brooks Robinson]] in [[1966 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1966]] and [[Carl Yastrzemski]] in [[1970 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1970]].<ref name="brookswinlose">{{cite web | url =http://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/NLS/NLS196607120.shtml | title = Jul 12, 1966, AL All-Stars at NL All-Stars Box Score and Play by Play|publisher = [[Baseball-Reference]] | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref><ref name="yazwinlose">{{cite web | url =http://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/NLS/NLS197007140.shtml | title = Jul 14, 1970, AL All-Stars at NL All-Stars Box Score and Play by Play|publisher = [[Baseball-Reference]] | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref> One pair of awardees were father and son ([[Ken Griffey Sr.]] and [[Ken Griffey Jr.]]),<ref name="griffeys">"[http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/g/griffke01.shtml Ken Griffey Sr.]" and {{cite web | url =http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/g/griffke02.shtml | title = Ken Griffey Jr.|publisher = [[Baseball-Reference]] | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref> and another were brothers ([[Roberto Alomar]] and [[Sandy Alomar, Jr.]]).<ref name="alomars">"[http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/a/alomaro01.shtml Roberto Alomar]" and {{cite web | url =http://www.baseball-reference.com/players/a/alomasa02.shtml | title = Sandy Alomar, Jr.|publisher = [[Baseball-Reference]] | accessdate = 2009-08-31}}</ref> [[Mike Trout]] of the [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim]] is the most recent winner. == Winners == [[File:Brooks Robinson 1955.jpg|thumb|right|200px|alt=A man wearing a baseball cap|[[Brooks Robinson]] won the award in 1966, the first of only two times a player from the losing team has won the award.]] [[File:MG 3983 Garret Anderson (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|200px|alt=A baseball player wearing a uniform inscribed with the word "Atlanta" has swung a baseball bat and is running. The catcher is partially visible.|[[Garret Anderson]] won the award in 2003, the first year it was presented as the "Ted Williams Most Valuable Player Award".]] [[File:BrianMcCann.JPG|thumb|right|200px|alt=|[[Brian McCann (baseball)|Brian McCann]] won the award in 2010.]] {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+Key !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|'''Year |Links to the article about the corresponding Major League Baseball All-Star Game |- !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|'''Player {{small|(X)}} |Denotes winning player and number of times they had won the award at that point |- !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99;"|{{dagger}} |Member of the [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum]] |- !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC;"|^ |Denotes player who is still active |- !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#eeabab;"|* |Denotes year in which the award was shared |} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" width="65%" |- !scope="col"| Year !scope="col"| Player !scope="col"| Team !scope="col"| League !scope="col"| Position |- |[[1962 Major League Baseball All-Star Game (first game)|1962]]{{refn|Two All-Star games were played in 1962.<ref name="bballalmanac"/>|name=1962ASG|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Maury|Wills}} |[[1962 Los Angeles Dodgers season|Los Angeles Dodgers]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Shortstop|SS]] |- |[[1962 Major League Baseball All-Star Game (second game)|1962]]{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=1962ASG}} !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Leon|Wagner}} |[[1962 Los Angeles Angels season|Los Angeles Angels]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[1963 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1963]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Willie|Mays}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1963 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[1964 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1964]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Johnny|Callison}} |[[1964 Philadelphia Phillies season|Philadelphia Phillies]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Right fielder|RF]] |- |[[1965 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1965]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Juan|Marichal}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1965 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[1966 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1966]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Brooks|Robinson}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1966 Baltimore Orioles season|Baltimore Orioles]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Third baseman|3B]] |- |[[1967 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1967]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Tony|Perez}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1967 Cincinnati Reds season|Cincinnati Reds]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Third baseman|3B]] |- |[[1968 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1968]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Willie|Mays}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> (2) |[[1968 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[1969 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1969]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Willie|McCovey}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1969 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]] |[[National League|National]] |[[First baseman|1B]] |- |[[1970 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1970]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Carl|Yastrzemski}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1970 Boston Red Sox season|Boston Red Sox]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Center fielder|CF]]/[[First baseman|1B]] |- |[[1971 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1971]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Frank|Robinson}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1971 Baltimore Orioles season|Baltimore Orioles]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Right fielder|RF]] |- |[[1972 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1972]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Joe|Morgan}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1972 Cincinnati Reds season|Cincinnati Reds]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Second baseman|2B]] |- |[[1973 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1973]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Bobby|Bonds}} |[[1973 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Right fielder|RF]] |- |[[1974 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1974]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Steve|Garvey}} |[[1974 Los Angeles Dodgers season|Los Angeles Dodgers]] |[[National League|National]] |[[First baseman|1B]] |- |bgcolor="#eeabab"| [[1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1975]]<sup>*</sup>{{refn|The 1975 award was shared by two players.<ref name="share75"/>|name=1975shared|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Bill|Madlock}} |[[1975 Chicago Cubs season|Chicago Cubs]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Third baseman|3B]] |- |bgcolor="#eeabab"| [[1975 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1975]]<sup>*</sup>{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=1975shared}} !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Jon|Matlack}} |[[1975 New York Mets season|New York Mets]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[1976 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1976]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|George|Foster|George Foster (baseball)}} |[[1976 Cincinnati Reds season|Cincinnati Reds]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[1977 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1977]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Don|Sutton}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1977 Los Angeles Dodgers season|Los Angeles Dodgers]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[1978 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1978]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Steve|Garvey}} (2) |[[1978 Los Angeles Dodgers season|Los Angeles Dodgers]] |[[National League|National]] |[[First baseman|1B]] |- |[[1979 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1979]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Dave|Parker}} |[[1979 Pittsburgh Pirates season|Pittsburgh Pirates]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Right fielder|RF]] |- |[[1980 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1980]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Ken|Griffey, Sr.}} |[[1980 Cincinnati Reds season|Cincinnati Reds]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Right fielder|RF]] |- |[[1981 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1981]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Gary|Carter}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1981 Montreal Expos season|Montreal Expos]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Catcher|C]] |- |[[1982 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1982]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Dave|Concepción}} |[[1982 Cincinnati Reds season|Cincinnati Reds]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Shortstop|SS]] |- |[[1983 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1983]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Fred|Lynn}} |[[1983 California Angels season|California Angels]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[1984 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1984]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Gary|Carter}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> (2) |[[1984 Montreal Expos season|Montreal Expos]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Catcher|C]] |- |[[1985 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1985]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|LaMarr|Hoyt}} |[[1985 San Diego Padres season|San Diego Padres]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[1986 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1986]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Roger|Clemens}} |[[1986 Boston Red Sox season|Boston Red Sox]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[1987 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1987]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Tim|Raines}} |[[1987 Montreal Expos season|Montreal Expos]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[1988 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1988]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Terry|Steinbach}} |[[1988 Oakland Athletics season|Oakland Athletics]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Catcher|C]] |- |[[1989 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1989]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Bo|Jackson}} |[[1989 Kansas City Royals season|Kansas City Royals]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[1990 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1990]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Julio|Franco}} |[[1990 Texas Rangers season|Texas Rangers]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Second baseman|2B]] |- |[[1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1991]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Cal|Ripken, Jr.}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1991 Baltimore Orioles season|Baltimore Orioles]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Shortstop|SS]] |- |[[1992 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1992]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Ken|Griffey, Jr.}} |[[1992 Seattle Mariners season|Seattle Mariners]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[1993 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1993]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Kirby|Puckett}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1993 Minnesota Twins season|Minnesota Twins]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[1994 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1994]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Fred|McGriff}} |[[1994 Atlanta Braves season|Atlanta Braves]] |[[National League|National]] |[[First baseman|1B]] |- |[[1995 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1995]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Jeff|Conine}} |[[1995 Florida Marlins season|Florida Marlins]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[1996 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1996]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Mike|Piazza}} |[[1996 Los Angeles Dodgers season|Los Angeles Dodgers]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Catcher|C]] |- |[[1997 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1997]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Sandy|Alomar, Jr.}} |[[1997 Cleveland Indians season|Cleveland Indians]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Catcher|C]] |- |[[1998 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1998]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Roberto|Alomar}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1998 Baltimore Orioles season|Baltimore Orioles]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Second baseman|2B]] |- |[[1999 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|1999]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"; background-color:#FFFF99"|{{sortname|Pedro|Martínez}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> |[[1999 Boston Red Sox season|Boston Red Sox]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[2000 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2000]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Derek|Jeter}} |[[2000 New York Yankees season|New York Yankees]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Shortstop|SS]] |- |[[2001 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2001]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFFF99"| {{sortname|Cal|Ripken, Jr.}}<sup>{{dagger}}</sup> (2) |[[2001 Baltimore Orioles season|Baltimore Orioles]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Shortstop|SS]]/[[Third base|3B]]{{#tag:ref|Ripken was elected as an American League All-Star at third base in 2001 but had spent the vast majority of his career at shortstop. Ripken had announced earlier that year that he would retire and [[Alex Rodriguez]], the American League's starting shortstop, switched fielding positions with Ripken in the first inning as homage.<ref name="ripken01">{{cite web|url =http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/baseball/yankees/2008/07/13/2008-07-13_alex_rodriguez_fondly_recalls_2001_allst.html|title = Alex Rodriguez fondly recalls 2001 All-Star tribute to Cal Ripken Jr.|author=Anthony McCarron|work=[[Daily News (New York)|New York Daily News]]|date=2008-07-14|accessdate=2009-08-31}}</ref>|group=lower-alpha}} |- |[[2002 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2002]]{{#tag:ref|A winner was not chosen in 2002, when the game ended in a tie.<ref name="2002tie"/> [[Major League Baseball on Fox|Fox]] broadcasters [[Joe Buck]] and [[Tim McCarver]] stated if the National League won, then [[Damian Miller]] would be named MVP. Meanwhile, if the American League won, then [[Paul Konerko]] would be named.|group=lower-alpha}} !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|— |— |— |— |- |[[2003 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2003]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Garret|Anderson}} |[[2003 Anaheim Angels season|Anaheim Angels]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[2004 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2004]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Alfonso|Soriano}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2004 Texas Rangers season|Texas Rangers]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[2005 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2005]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Miguel|Tejada}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2005 Baltimore Orioles season|Baltimore Orioles]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Shortstop|SS]] |- |[[2006 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2006]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center"|{{sortname|Michael|Young|dab=baseball}} |[[2006 Texas Rangers season|Texas Rangers]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Shortstop|SS]] |- |[[2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2007]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Ichiro|Suzuki}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2007 Seattle Mariners season|Seattle Mariners]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[2008 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2008]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center;" |{{sortname|J. D.|Drew}} |[[2008 Boston Red Sox season|Boston Red Sox]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Right fielder|RF]] |- |[[2009 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2009]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Carl|Crawford}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2009 Tampa Bay Rays season|Tampa Bay Rays]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Left fielder|LF]] |- |[[2010 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2010]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Brian|McCann|dab=baseball}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2010 Atlanta Braves season|Atlanta Braves]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Catcher|C]] |- |[[2011 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2011]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Prince|Fielder}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2011 Milwaukee Brewers season|Milwaukee Brewers]] |[[National League|National]] |[[First baseman|1B]] |- |[[2012 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2012]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Melky|Cabrera}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2012 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]] |[[National League|National]] |[[Center fielder|CF]] |- |[[2013 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2013]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|{{sortname|Mariano|Rivera}} |[[2013 New York Yankees season|New York Yankees]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Pitcher|P]] |- |[[2014 Major League Baseball All-Star Game|2014]] !scope="row" style="text-align:center; background-color:#CFECEC"|{{sortname|Mike|Trout}}<sup>^</sup> |[[2014 Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim season|Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim]] |[[American League|American]] |[[Outfielder|OF]] |} == Notes == {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} == See also == {{Portal|Baseball}} *[[Baseball awards]] *[[World Series Most Valuable Player Award]] == References == ;General {{refbegin}} *{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/history/all_star_event.jsp?story=2|title=All-Star MVPs|publisher=[[Major League Baseball]]|accessdate=2009-09-01}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.baseball-reference.com/awards/postmvp.shtml|title=Post-Season Awards & All-Star Game MVP Award Winners|publisher=[[Baseball-Reference]]|accessdate=2009-09-01}} {{refend}} ;Specific {{reflist}} {{Major League Baseball All-Star Game MVPs}} {{MLBAllStarGame}} {{MLB awards}} {{featured list}} [[Category:Major League Baseball All-Star Game MVPs| ]] [[Category:Major League Baseball trophies and awards|All-Star Game]] [[Category:Most valuable player awards]] [[Category:Awards established in 1962]] All content in the above text box is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license Version 4 and was originally sourced from https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=5662573.
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