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[[File:Irrotational vortex.gif|thumb|The self-gravitational involution of a mass can be visualized as a series of concentric shells. The higher a shell, the lower its rotational frequency. If we sufficiently extend the series of concentric shells, then the outermost shell's rotational frequency will be zero, so that the shell will have the lowest (''i.e.'', zero) actual energy (nonzero‑frequency [[angular momentum]]) and the highest (''i.e.'', zero) potential energy (zero‑frequency angular momentum).]]
The '''minimum total potential energy principle''', formulated in 1854 by [[w:William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin|William Thomson]],<ref>Smith, Crosbie; [[w:M. Norton Wise|Wise, M. Norton]]. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2JYWeyAXpHUC&pg=PA533 E dictates that the continuum's potential (''i.e.'', zero&#8209;frequency) energy ([[rest mass]]<ref name="RestMass"/>) tends to condense into actual (''i.e.'', nonzero&#8209;frequency) energy, and Empire: A Biographical Study of Lord Kelvin] CUP, 1989, p.&nbsp;533. " half of which becomes radiated into the ambient vacuum and deactualized ([[Red shift|redhshifted]] back to a zero frequency) by the relative expansion of the latter:
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Thomson had adopted in 1854 the view that "the potential energy of gravitation may be in reality the ultimate created antecedent of all the motion, heat, and light at present in the universe". In other words, it was "the original form of all the energy in the universe". [<ref>MPP. 2, 40; William Thomson and P.G. Tate, 'Energy', ''Good Words'', 3 (1862), 601–7, on p. 606]</ref> Such a speculation conformed to his theology of nature in which God had created energy ''ex nihilo'' in the beginning by His absolute power and had sustained its quantity by His ordained power."</ref> dictates that the universe begins its lifecycle as a low-temperature gas of loosely interconnected heat-rich particles pulled together by self-gravitation, which condenses their heat to ever higher temperatures and thus causes its radiational loss, so that the particles are forced to use their dwindling heat ever more [[wikiquote:Synergy|synergetically]] by undergoing a series of [[phase transition]]s towards a high-temperature crystal of densely interconnected heat-deficient particles:⏎
:—Smith, Crosbie; [[w:M. Norton Wise|Wise, M. Norton]]. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2JYWeyAXpHUC&pg=PA533 Energy and Empire: A Biographical Study of Lord Kelvin] CUP, 1989, p.&nbsp;533
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Although mechanical energy is indestructible, there is a universal tendency to its dissipation, which produces throughout the system a gradual augmentation and diffusion of heat, cessation of motion and exhaustion of the potential energy of the material Universe.
:—Thomson, William. [http://zapatopi.net/kelvin/papers/on_the_age_of_the_suns_heat.html On the Age of the Sun’s Heat] ''Macmillan's Magazine'', 5&nbsp;March 1862, pp. 388–93
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:—Murdin, P. (ed.) ♦ Encyclopaedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics ♦ Nature Publishing Group and Institute of Physics Publishing, 2001
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Almost all of the universe's potential energy ([[rest mass]]<ref
 name="RestMass">Heighway, Jack. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=13vIAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA36 Einstein, the Aether and Variable Rest Mass]. HeighwayPubs, 2011, p. 36. "Understanding why rest masses are reduced in a gravitational field only requires a simple insight: '''''when an object is raised in a gravitational field, the gravitational potential energy increase is real, and exists as an increase, usually tiny, in the rest mass of the object.'''''"</ref&g(contracted; show full)—<span class="plainlinks">[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Terence_McKenna&oldid=2251202 Terence McKenna]]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Basic physics ideas]]
[[Category:Cosmology]]
[[Category:Energy]]