Difference between revisions 8170173 and 8170179 on simplewiki

{{Excessive citations|date=March 2022}}
The '''Safavid dynasty''', (Persian: دودمان صفوی, <small>romanized:</small> ''Dudmâne Safavi''<ref>* {{cite book|title=Tārīkh-i ʻʻālamārā-yi ʻʻAbbāsī|last1=Afšār|first1=ta·līf-i Iskandar Baig Turkmān. Zīr-i naẓar bā tanẓīm-i fihristhā wa muqaddama-i Īraǧ|date=2003|publisher=Mu·assasa-i Intišārāt-i Amīr Kabīr|isbn=978-964-00-0818-8|edition=Čāp-i 3.|location=Tihrān|pages=17, 18, 19, 79|language=fa}}
(contracted; show full)</ref>), reasserting the Iranian identity of the region and establishing an independent Iranian state.<ref>Savory, Roger. (1980), Iran under the Safavids, Cambridge University Press, p. 3, "Why is there such confusion about the origins of this important dynasty, which reasserted '''Iranian identity''' and established an independent '''Iranian state''' after eight and a half centuries of rule by foreign dynasties?"</ref>
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{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Safavid dynasty
| common_name            = 
| native_name            = 
| image_flag             = File:Safavid Flag.svg
| flag_border            = no
| flag_caption           = Flag of Safavid Iran
| image_coat             = File:Lion and Sun (Pahlavi Dynasty).svg
| symbol_type            = Imperial Coat of Arms
| national_anthem        = 
| image_map              = File:Safavid dynasty (greatest extent).svg
| capital                = Tabriz (1501–1555)<br>Qazvin (1555–1598)<br>Isfahan (1598–1736)
| official_languages     = Persian<ref>Roemer, H. R. (1986). "The Safavid Period". The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 6: The Timurid and Safavid Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|0-521-20094-6}}. p. 331.</ref>
| religion               = Islam
| demonym                = 
| government_type        = Absolute monarchy
| area_km2               = 
| area_rank              = 
| GDP_PPP                = 
| GDP_PPP_year           = 
| HDI                    = 
| HDI_year               = 
| currency               = 
| status                 = 
| year_end               = 1736
| year_start             = 1501
| image_map_caption      = The Safavid Empire under Abbas I the Great
| common_languages       = 
| title_leader           = Shahanshah
| year_leader1           = 1501–1524
| leader1                = Ismail I (first)
| year_leader2           = 1732–1736
| leader2                = Abbas III (last)
| year_leader3           = 
| leader3                = 
| year_leader4           = 
| leader4                = 
| event_start            = 
| date_start             = 
| event_end              = 
| date_end               = 
| stat_area1             = 
| p1                     = 
| s1                     = Afsharid dynasty
| p2                     = 
| flag_s1                = Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg
| flag_s2                = 
| s2                     = 
| s3                     = 
| today                  = 
| flag                   = 
}}⏎
The Safavid dynasty is descended from the Kurdish<ref>Maisel, Sebastian (2018). The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society. ABC-CLIO. p. 7, "(...) Safavids, a Sufi religious order founded by a '''Kurdish''' mystic, '''Safi ad-Din Ardabili''' (1252–1334)."</ref><ref>Kamal, Muhammad (2006). Mulla Sadra's Transcendent Philosophy. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 24, "(...) '''Shaykh Safi al-Din''', a Sunni Sufi master descended from a '''Kurdish''' family (...)"</ref><ref>Gelvin, James L. (2008), The Modern Middle East: A History, Oxford University Press, p. 331, "Shah Isma'il (reigned 1501-1520) Descendent of the '''Kurdish''' mystic '''Safi ad-Din''' (...)"</ref><ref>Tapper, Richard. (1997), Frontier nomads of Iran: a political and social history of the Shahsevan, Cambridge University Press, p. 39, "The Safavid Shahs who ruled Iran between 1501 and 1722 descended from '''Sheikh Safi ad-Din''' of '''Ardabil''' (1252-1334). [...] Their own origins were obscure: probably of '''Kurdish''' or Iranian extraction (...)"</ref><ref>Lapidus, Ira M. (2012). Islamic Societies to the Nineteenth Century: A Global History. Cambridge University Press. p. 492, "'''Shaykh Safi al—Din''' [...] a Sunni/Sufi religious teacher descended from a '''Kurdish''' family (...)"</ref><ref>V. Minorsky, "The Poetry of Shāh Ismā‘īl I," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 10/4 (1942): 1006–53.</ref> mystic Safi-ad-din Ardabili.<ref>Tapper, Richard. (1997), Frontier nomads of Iran: a political and social history of the Shahsevan, Cambridge University Press, p. 39, "The '''Safavid''' Shahs who ruled Iran between 1501 and 1722 descended from Sheikh '''Safi ad-Din of Ardabil''' (1252-1334). [...] Their own origins were obscure: probably of '''Kurdish''' or Iranian extraction (...)"</ref>

== Origins ==
Before the Safavids, Iran was ruled by the Aq Qoyunlu, a Turkic<ref>The Book of Dede Korkut (F.Sumer, A.Uysal, W.Walker ed.). University of Texas Press. 1972. p. Introduction. {{ISBN|0-292-70787-8}}. "Better known as '''Turkomans''' (...) the interim '''Ak-Koyunlu''' and Karakoyunlu dynasties (...)"</ref><ref>Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclope(contracted; show full)[[Category:History of Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:History of Islam]]
[[Category:Azerbaijani dynasties]]
[[Category:Royal dynasties]]
[[Category:1500s establishments]]
[[Category:18th-century disestablishments in Asia]]
[[Category:16th-century establishments in Asia]]
[[Category:1722 disestablishments]]